Converting the carburetor to an injector for a VAZ 2109 car

Is there any point in redoing it?

The carburetor engine has long been “morally obsolete”. Back in the second half of the 90s of the last century, VAZ cars were equipped with an injector. Nevertheless, carburetor engines still have a lot of “fans” who claim that the carburetor is not so bad. Before we begin converting the car, let’s look at it in detail, is everything so clear? Maybe it’s too early to consign the carburetor to the dustbin of history? Let's paraphrase Hamlet and ask ourselves: “Carburetor or injector, that is the question?” This is, of course, a joke. But is it really worth investing so much effort?

• To re-equip a VAZ-2109 you will need to invest at least $500. It is unlikely that the savings from using an injection engine will pay for such costs. Maybe only in the long term.
• The environmental performance of a car can be improved much more easily. Install a vortex aerodynamic device. It’s easy to buy such a unit, it’s inexpensive, and it installs quickly.

Practical advice

The operation of an injection power unit, and in particular the maintenance of its electronic components, is fundamentally different from carburetor engine systems.

Owners of converted cars must learn a few basic rules:

• Before dismantling the injection control system components, be sure to disconnect the negative cable from the battery terminal;

• Do not start the engine if the terminals of the wires on the battery have poor contact. Be sure to check how tightly they are tightened;
• Do not disconnect the battery while the vehicle engine is running. This is guaranteed to lead to failure of the ECU;
• Monitor the ECU temperature. It is not allowed to overheat (65°C when the car is running and above 80°C, for example when drying in a paint booth). If such a process is unavoidable, remove the ECU from the vehicle for the duration of the work;
• It is also necessary to remove the ECU or disconnect it from the vehicle’s on-board system when carrying out welding work on body parts.

Why change the carburetor?

Let's start with the fact that no one has been installing carburetor engines throughout the civilized world for a long time. Entry into the countries of the European Union in such vehicles is prohibited for reasons of environmental safety. There are a number of other significant arguments:

• a significant drop in engine power at high speeds;
• problems arise when overtaking. Passing cars on the highway in a car with a carburetor engine is, in general, a complete nightmare (especially taking into account the modest capabilities of the VAZ-2109);
• significant fuel consumption compared to an injector;
• “minor” inconveniences, for example, manual control of the air damper, etc.

Of course, you can treat everything philosophically and find positive aspects even where there are none. For example, with the same manual damper control. Some drivers claim that in winter conditions this “function” is a plus, it allows you to “feel” the engine. But only an incorrigible optimist can agree with such a statement.

Injector advantages

Having considered the disadvantages of the carburetor, one cannot help but ignore the positive aspects of the injection engine. Among the obvious advantages are the following:

• fully complies with the requirements of environmental legislation on emissions into the atmosphere;
• engine power increases significantly (especially at high speeds);
• servicing the injector is much cheaper;
• fuel consumption is reduced (up to 6 liters per 100 km);
• It is possible to install gas cylinder equipment (GBO).

Comparative characteristics for VAZ-2109

Perhaps there are also personal reasons to convert your VAZ-2109? For example, there was a desire to rummage through the car for my own pleasure. One way or another, if you firmly decide to change the carburetor to an injector, move on.

Selection of necessary parts

Let's start the “remodeling” with the selection of a good injection system. Of the options on the market, the best one today is Bosch M 1.5.4. Acceptable both in price and quality. It is better to install the system without any additions. You can install an external fuel pump, but such an operation will require additional investment. You will need to buy additional parts, but they are quite expensive.

To install the injector, buy parts from serial car models. Such spare parts are well tested and, as they say, “tested by time.”

• air filter box;
• collector;
• gas tank;
• receiver;
• Consumables.

We start by removing the old generator, thermostat, pulley and all belts. We also remove the hoses and pipes of the cooling system.

The gas tank needs to be replaced. You can “borrow” from the VAZ injection model or buy a new one. Before installation, the unit is washed and dried. When installing an electric fuel pump, make sure that the arrow on it matches the similar marking on the gas tank. Check that the sensor float accurately detects the fuel level.

For the conversion you will need a tank from the injection version of the VAZ-2109

To install the ignition module and cylinder block sensor, we make two holes for installing the units under the bracket (20 and 16 mm, respectively). To carry out this operation, you need to drain the antifreeze and dismantle the radiator.

It is necessary to re-equip the cooling system to function in new conditions. To do this, we change the pipe and temperature sensor. Additionally, you will need to drain the oil and remove the pan. We install a new damping pulley instead of the standard one.

For an injection system that is demanding in terms of energy consumption, we install a more powerful generator. You can choose the right option in any specialized store.

What to prepare to change

The whole process will take you about a week, provided you work 3-4 hours a day. Therefore, prepare your garage in advance and buy everything you need. You can assemble the injector on different ECU controllers, but in the case of the VAZ-2109, the January 5.1.1-71 model is better than others. Available domestic spare parts can be used for it, and it does not use an adsorber and an oxygen sensor.

List of components required for replacement

Also pick up bolts, nuts and clamps from the store that you will need for the job.

Tools

The repair will consist not only of dismantling some components and mechanisms. In some cases, it will be necessary to make changes to the design of cylinders and other parts.

From the tool you will need:

1. Set of wrenches.
2. Flathead and Phillips screwdrivers.
3. Good drill.
4. Hammer and chisel.
5. Rust remover.

We lay wires and connect devices

We carry out preparatory work in the following sequence:

• drain the fuel (lighten the tank);
• disconnect the terminals and remove the battery;
• dismantle the distributor with elements;
• remove the fuel pump;
• remove the carburetor;
• disconnect the ignition wires located under the hood;
• remove the fuel pipes;
• dismantle the gas tank and vacuum booster hose.

• We close the cables remaining from the fan relay together with the device switch-on sensor;
• we install fuses, relays and controller in their standard places;
• connect the fuel pump to the dashboard;
• install the collector.

What's inside the cabin

Replacing the power unit will also require replacing the interior wiring.

Many owners combine this process with replacing the instrument panel with a modern one:

1. the “high” panel from the VAZ 21099 fits without modification;
2. The “LUX” panel from the VAZ 2114 model is suitable with minor modifications.

Tip: there are a lot of videos on the Internet that describe in detail the process of finalizing the panel. Read them all carefully before starting work on your car.

Conclusion

No matter how much debate there is about the “good old” reliability of the carburetor or the progressiveness and efficiency of the injector, in any case, of course, the choice is yours. In order to properly re-equip your machine, at all stages, follow the operating instructions and technical data sheet for each component and unit. Remember that a car is an object of increased danger and thoroughly check every action you take.

Perhaps you have experience converting a VAZ-2109 from a carburetor to an injector? Share your experience with our readers in the comments. Any information and, of course, your personal opinion will be very useful.

Carburetor engines have been obsolete for quite some time. But today on our roads it is not difficult to find cars equipped with this type of engine. The VAZ 2109 model is no exception.

Nine engine

Having a nine carburetor at your disposal, you can even convert it into an injection car on your own.

Before you decide to take such a step, be sure to study the strengths and weaknesses of each engine type, and also determine in which mode you use your car most actively. Your final decision largely depends on this.

Video "Interactive Wiring Diagram"

From the video below you can see the interactive wiring diagram in the “nines” (author - channel stups87).

In order to independently understand a car, you need to have knowledge of its structure and the principles of operation of certain elements. The VAZ 2109 injector is a set of electronic elements that ensure uninterrupted engine operation. Without it, he becomes just a useless pile of metal. The VAZ 2109 injector is an engine control system, so the wiring and its individual elements must be in good working order, and their operation must be correctly adjusted.

Carburetor. Advantages and disadvantages

Let's start with the negative points. These include:

• Such engines have not been installed on production cars for a long time. In Europe, due to environmental requirements, carburetors are blacklisted. That is, they are prohibited because they heavily pollute the atmosphere;
• At high speeds, the engine's capabilities drop significantly. Torque does not reach the desired levels. But at low speeds it is effective and allows you to accelerate well from zero to hundreds;
• When overtaking, the carburetor is a pain. It is problematic to overtake cars normally and confidently. Especially considering the power of the carburetor nines;
• High fuel consumption when compared with injection engines. On average, a nine with a carburetor in normal mode consumes about 8.5-9 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers;
• The air damper is controlled manually. The exception is some versions of the latest samples, where automatic devices have been installed. Some motorists claim that manually controlling the throttle in winter has its advantages, as it allows you to feel the engine. But only experienced drivers can understand this.

Nine carburetor

But let's not just talk about the bad. The VAZ 2109 with a carburetor also has positive qualities:

• The cost of a carburetor is much cheaper than an injection engine;
• Engine maintenance costs less, and the work itself is easier to perform if you repair it yourself;
• Fans of carburetors claim that the absence of control units and microcontrollers is an undeniable advantage. Although one can argue with him;
• If the engine fails even 100 kilometers from the nearest settlement or service station, it is not a problem for experienced drivers, since repairs can be carried out even in the field. But this will require the availability of appropriate tools and passenger assistance.

Injector. Advantages and disadvantages

In short, all the advantages of the injector are the disadvantages of the carburetor, and all the disadvantages are the advantages of the carburetor.

Injection nine

The key features of injection engines include:

• Injectors are more environmentally friendly and meet the requirements for emissions of harmful substances;
• Although the torque is insufficient at low speeds, it makes overtaking easier at high speeds. The engine seems to get a second wind;
• Injector maintenance costs are higher;
• For normal operation of such an engine, clean fuel is needed. The carburetor “feeds” on everything;
• To check faults, it is necessary to perform diagnostics, which is time-consuming and expensive;
• The injector consumes less fuel. The average is 6-7 liters per 100 kilometers;
• Almost all systems function through computer control, therefore, when working correctly, the engine operates as efficiently and economically as possible;
• It is possible to install HBO on the injector. But with a carburetor, such a step is fraught with a number of difficulties.

Injection motor

As for injection internal combustion engines with injectors, their malfunctions, as practice shows, are usually associated with failure of the sensors or the electrics themselves.

To diagnose the cause of the malfunction, do the following:

• first of all, you need to disconnect the power wire from the sensor you suspect;
• after that, using an ohmmeter, you need to measure the resistance on the contacts;
• the resistance value must be checked with the nominal value, which should be indicated in the service book for the car.

Rework

To replace a carburetor with an injector yourself, be sure to arm yourself with the following components:

• Cylinder head from VAZ 2112 with receiver and manifolds;
• Knock sensor;
• Throttle pipe with throttle position sensor;
• Mass air flow sensor and a number of other elements.

Replacement kit

When everything is ready, you can start working.

1. Remove the old cylinder head. Plus, remove all attachments in the fuel assembly, gas tank and ignition system.
2. Remove the alternator, thermostat, pulleys and belts.
3. Install a new gas tank with a pump, borrowed from a donor - an injection VAZ.
4. Remove the carburetor and ignition system components that need to be replaced.
5. Disconnect the cooling system pipes and hoses. Here, install a completely new kit from the injector.
6. Remove the pan.
7. Install new pistons from an injection donor and connecting rods at 10. Standard carburetor components are not designed for an injection compression ratio. Plus there are special recesses for other valves.
8. Install a new unit with an underflow on the cover for the DPKV, replacing the standard oil pump. If you can remove the cover, then only that will be replaced.
9. After removing the old cooling system pipes, install new ones. The best solution is to replace the entire set. Buying it won't really impact your overall budget.
10. Prepare everything necessary to mount the 16 valve head. The fasteners match, only the bolts from the old head are long and need to be shortened. Plus, don’t forget to make a size 12 hole in the new head.
11. Install new fuel lines from the donor.
12. Connect your new gas tank to the lines.
13. Route the wiring from the control unit to the fuel pump. You can use old fuel level regulators from a carburetor car.
14. Cut a hole in the wall of the engine compartment through which the wiring will be routed. This way you won't have to make the standard wires longer.
15. Install the knock sensor by drilling a hole in the block and tapping a size 8 thread.
16. Be sure to replace the water pump using a unit from donor 2112.
17. Get a new crankcase breather and oil dipstick. Install them instead of the previous ones.
18. Install a new cylinder head. Just don't forget to change the gasket, which corresponds to a different head.
19. Install a thermostat borrowed from a VAZ 2112.
20. Connect the coolant pipes.
21. Remove the rear timing cover and rollers. The pulleys from 2112 are dismantled. The belt must be installed in accordance with the marks.
22. Install the new generator along with the drive. For the new generator, the upper fasteners will remain intact, since they are not provided for by the design of the carburetor VAZ 2109. Therefore, fasten the pair of lower mounting bolts as securely as possible.
23. Place all the sensors in their new places.
24. Seal the valve covers with a good quality sealant.
25. Assemble the ignition module, wires, spark plugs and other components.
26. Install the air filter.
27. Get your exhaust system back to normal. The muffler is often left stock, but the resonator and other components are taken from the donor.
28. The wiring is connected to the dashboard and the lock.
29. Fill in new oil, refuel the car with high-quality fuel.
30. Start the engine and take it for a test drive.

What you can get

By converting the carburetor into an injection car, you can get improved technical and dynamic characteristics. We offer you a comparison of the parameters of the two motors.

Domestic cars do not have an ideal design, but they provide a lot of opportunities for successful modification of many components and endless tuning. That's why the VAZ-2109 is considered a good option for those who like to repair, modernize and make their dream car come true.

In skillful hands, the good old “nine” will sparkle with new colors, and all this can be done with your own hands in your own garage.

How to remake: step-by-step instructions

Before starting work, wash the car thoroughly and remove dust and dirt from around the engine.

1. In the rear of the car we remove the old carburetor fuel system.
2. Pull out the gas tank and fuel pipes.
3. We screw on the new bracket and use it to secure the new injection lines.
   We install the bracket in its original place and secure the lines
4. We install the fuel filter along with hoses.
   We fix the fuel filter with hoses
5. We attach the fuel pump to the injection gas tank.
6. We go into the engine compartment and remove the ignition.
7. We disconnect the wires that go from the sensors to the ignition braid.
8. We pull out the old ignition tee and install an injection tee in its place.
   Before doing this, completely drain the antifreeze from the system. We install the injection ignition tee in place of the carburetor
9. In place of the distributor, we make a plug with a seal and treat it with sealant.
10. Remove the carburetor along with the intake manifold.
    We dismantle the old carburetor along with the manifold
11. We replace the gasket and install a new injection manifold.
    We install the injection manifold in place of the carburetor
12. We install the injectors on the ramp and secure it to the manifold.
13. We connect the hoses and install the receiver.
    We install the injection receiver and connect the hoses to it
14. If your model has an oil pump without a casting, then it also needs to be replaced.
15. The generator on the nine must be replaced, but the pulley itself is suitable for the new system and can be left.
16. Instead of a carburetor ignition cable, we install an ECU wiring cable.
17. We connect the wiring to the controller and the motor.
18. In our case, the fuel sensor will remain the same; you just need to connect it to the new pump.
19. Turn on the ignition and check the operation of the fuel pump. The entire fuel system must be sealed and leak-free.
20. We replace the carburetor module with an injection one.
    We remove the carburetor ignition module and install the injection module in its place
21. We install a new ignition system (spark plugs and module).
22. We install the air filter.
23. Drill a hole for the knock sensor (depth 16 mm).
24. We start the engine and check its operation.

How does a carburetor differ from an injector?

Increasingly, on forums and blogs of car enthusiasts and VAZ-2109 owners, you can find discussions on how to equip a carburetor with an injector. A beginner is unlikely to know the difference between these vehicles, so experienced specialists provide explanations. Both devices “cook food” for the engine, “mixing” gasoline and air in the correct proportions. The carburetor has a special float chamber built into it, which “sucks out” the fuel and sprays it into droplets at a certain speed.

It would be hard to call a carburetor a simple mechanism. In this regard, certain difficulties arise in its work, which can also be called disadvantages:

• setup difficulties;
• not always optimal and effective composition of the mass;
• difficulty starting at sub-zero temperatures;
• the need for frequent cleaning, otherwise blockages will lead to breakdown of the unit.

The injector, in turn, is a valve whose opening duration is controlled electronically. As soon as the valve takes the open position, fuel is immediately sprayed under pressure.

The only nuance that can cause an injector malfunction is clogging of the channels through which gasoline is supplied.

Basic tips for working with automotive electronics

Let’s immediately agree that installation, removal and any other work with car wiring are the most complex operations, which are taught in secondary specialized educational institutions. This article is for informational purposes only on working with the electronics of VAZ models and contains solely a description of the basic aspects of these procedures, so it will not be possible to learn from it all the intricacies of wiring repairs. Familiarization with these lies only through long and hard work associated with work practice in the field of automobile repair.

Returning to the main topic of today’s material, it would not be out of place to note: even a person without special skills in this path has the opportunity to install the wiring of any car with his own hands. However, for proper implementation of all procedures it is extremely important:

1. Have the necessary diagrams that connect the wiring to a specific engine and dashboard. You can find them either when purchasing certified parts or the machine itself, or on the World Wide Web;
2. Know the basics of working with automotive electronics, which we will get acquainted with in this article;
3. Find free time, a small amount of tools and a place for repair work.

Instructions for converting a carburetor to an injector VAZ-2109

Step-by-step instructions for converting a carburetor into an injector with your own hands, recommended by specialists and car enthusiasts, looks like this:

1. Buy a new tank to hold the fuel. Before alteration, it must be thoroughly dried and an electric fuel pump installed. It is important to adjust the optimal values ​​of the pump frame and tank, and also check how the fuel sensor changes.
2. After the new tank is prepared, drain the antifreeze by placing a container of up to 5 liters under the coolant hose.
3. Remove the radiator, removing all existing fasteners.
4. In the place where the sensor responsible for detonation is mounted, use a drill to make a hole 16 mm deep. Prepare the installation of the modular ignition bracket in exactly the same way, but you need to deepen the hole more - up to 20 mm. What the VAZ-2109 driver should be wary of is through drilling.
5. Now remove the engine pan and the timing belt. The new oil pump should be installed on the crankshaft. It is correct to replace the generator on the VAZ-2109 with a model with better power, which has a ring gear and a pulley with a damper. The belt associated with the generator also needs to be replaced.
6. Remove the battery, then remove the fuel delivery compartment, wiring, pipes and other components.
7. After disassembling the instrument panel, proceed to installing wires to the tachometer and the starter lock mechanism. This must be done by starting the motor unit and connecting it to the necessary detachable elements. The new ends of the wiring are fixed to the mounting unit, taking into account the polarity, which is determined based on the same shade of the edges.
8. Connect the wires to the fuses. Fix to each other and adjust the correct operation of the fuel pump and fuel indicator.

What's under the hood

Let's remember how the new power unit differs:

1. The distributor and ignition coil, responsible for the formation of a spark in the cylinders, have been replaced by an electronic unit - an ECU;
2. The VAZ 2109 engine compartment wiring to the injector has a number of design features. In particular: more connectors, other parameters (cross section, insulation);
3. Instead of a carburetor, a block of electronically controlled injectors is installed;
4. Automation is based on the readings of many sensors that are not on carburetor engines, which means that the wiring for the VAZ 2109 injector has more components.

For reference: In injection versions, a single ignition module is installed under the hood, in which the coil and switch are combined into a common spark-forming device.

Control sensors

In order for a power unit with an injection system to work, the electronic unit needs readings of the most important parameters.

And special sensors that the motor is equipped with are responsible for this:

1. DPKV (crankshaft position sensor). One of the most important parameters, without which the car will not even start. It tells the ECU when it is necessary to inject fuel and ignite it in the cylinder;
2. MAF (mass air flow sensor). Installed after the air filter and is responsible for the quantitative composition of the air-fuel mixture;
3. DD (knock sensor). Using its readings, the ECU calculates the ignition timing - the most important parameter for the beginning of the ignition phase of the air-fuel mixture in the car cylinder;
4. TPS (throttle position sensor). Unlike a carburetor circuit, where the pedal directly controls the damper, in injection engines the pedal is not connected to the actuator;
5. IAC (idle air control). Necessary for enriching the air-fuel mixture for stable engine operation when not in motion;
6. DT (temperature sensor). Available on all engines and is responsible for controlling the coolant temperature;
7. DSA (vehicle speed sensor). Based on its readings, the ECU calculates the amount of fuel and air.

The presence of sensors also modified the electrical circuit of the car - the VAZ 2109 electrical wiring to the injector has many connectors for connecting sensors to the ECU.

In the photo above, the diagrams with sensors are indicated by numbers:

Tip: To install them in an old car body, you do not need to modify anything. The manufacturer has minimized preparatory work, and the instructions supplied with the power unit describe in detail the procedure for installing attachments.

ECU block

The electronic “brains” of a modern injection engine are the ECU unit.

It is he who is in charge of all the electrical processes of the power unit, and structurally consists of:

1. read-only memory (ROM);
2. random access memory (RAM);
3. a microprocessor that processes electronic signals coming from engine sensors.

Advice: it is unacceptable to interfere with its work, as well as to diagnose its operation parameters with your own hands.

All electronic components of the ECU are designed for very low voltage. Even an electrostatic discharge from touching it with your hand can damage them.

To avoid damage to the computer, technicians at service stations:

1. avoid touching the ECU plugs;
2. do not touch electronic components on its boards with their hands;
3. when flashing ROM settings, the pins of the microcircuit are isolated.

How to install an updated system

To install the plug to the block system head, based on the injection mechanism, install the positive wire. Install the manifold and injectors located on the in-line rack, the receiver and the throttle component. The throttle cable is taken as an elongated sample.

The fuel structure in the new model is placed at the bottom of the body, after which pipes and purifiers are installed. Next, install a new tank and connect the product to the system. To check the operation of the nozzles and their condition in relation to leakage and damage to the integrity of the material, blow out the internal plane with a pump. Then install the ramp, sensors and all the equipment based on electrical and high-voltage activity, the starting module, to the collector.

When the installation of the air filter is completed and all operations go perfectly, the car is started. The modernization can be considered successful if the VAZ-2109 starts immediately, on the first try.

Advantages and disadvantages of the injector

To understand whether you are ready to invest effort into converting the carburetor into an injector on a VAZ-2019, you need to study the real capabilities of the car before and after modernization. Here are the advantages noted by the owners of domestic cars after the VAZ-2019 has already been converted:

1. There are no problems starting the engine in any weather conditions.
2. There is no need to adjust the ignition according to the quality of the air-fuel mass.
3. Eliminates the risk of engine tripping.
4. Requires less gasoline consumption.
5. The VAZ-2109 moves better from the very beginning of the start until the end of the trip.

Now about the disadvantages of the alteration. Like any device, the injector is not immune to breakdown, then checking the condition of each part will require much more time. The good thing about an injector is that the engine starts easier than with a carburetor, it saves gas, it’s easier to drive the car, but servicing the mechanism really suffers and requires specific skills and knowledge, and the patience of the car enthusiast.

Some drivers express certain doubts whether it is worth spending so much money to convert the carburetor to an injector in the VAZ-2109. After all, fuel savings after modernization are no more than 3 liters, and the modification itself is estimated at 15,000 - 20,000 rubles. If one-time expenses are not so important to you, then do not neglect the conversion. Driving a modernized car will become more comfortable and, over a long period of use, more profitable.

Carburetor engine

The VAZ 2109 wiring diagram can work differently, depending on the type of engine, in particular, we are talking about starting the power unit:

1. When the ignition is turned on, a charge is supplied to the battery terminals through the high-voltage wiring harness. In this case, the driver will be able to turn on music, lighting, and indicators will appear on the control panel.
2. After this, the starter unit rotates the crankshaft and the entire piston group. As a result, the generator starts.
3. Next, power begins to flow to the ignition coil, which, in turn, produces high-voltage voltage. This charge is transferred through the wires to the switchgear, while the device continues to function.
4. The engine crankshaft then begins to rotate the distributor drive. The contacts close on the device, as a result of which the charge begins to flow to the spark plugs. The flammable mixture ignites, which leads to the engine starting (the author of the video is NIKOLAY GOROSHKO).

Classic ignition

If the wiring of a VAZ 21099 in a carburetor engine begins to act up and you think that it is because of it that the engine does not start, then the circuit is diagnosed as follows:

1. First, you should check the circuit in the area from the coil to the generator unit. Please note that all contacts in this section should not have breaks or oxidation; if such a problem exists, then the wiring should be replaced or the contacts should be cleaned.
2. After this, you need to check the short circuit itself; first, the presence of a spark is diagnosed. To understand whether there is a spark or not, you need to pull out the end of the high-voltage cable from the switchgear harness, after which this tip must be brought to the block head. When trying to start the engine, a spark may slip between the tip and the cylinder head. If it is missing, the coil is repaired or replaced.
3. It would be a good idea to diagnose the switchgear and spark plugs. If the high-voltage cables are worn out or broken, most likely they will need to be replaced. In addition, you need to check the internal unit and the condition of the spark plugs - if there is carbon deposits on them, the engine may also not start.