Probable Causes
First of all, you should make sure that the temperature sensors installed in the car remain in proper working order. According to the manufacturer's requirements, monitoring devices must be changed regularly.
In addition, the following reasons are the most common in a situation where the engine (including the one on which the injector is installed) of the VAZ-2110 starts very poorly in the morning when it’s cold:
- timing belt wear;
- damage to the insulating sheath of electrical wiring;
- problems with the ignition mechanism.
It is worth recognizing that this list is completely incomplete. But these are the most common reasons.
How to check the fuel - air system of a VAZ 2110
Another reason why the VAZ 2110 will not start may be a faulty supply of the fuel-air mixture to the car’s engine. In the air supply system, malfunctions occur extremely rarely and boil down to either a tightly clogged air filter or a blockage of the air channel by a foreign object. Such malfunctions are unlikely to occur on a well-maintained personal vehicle. But if the car is, for example, a service car or recently purchased, it would be a good idea to make sure that the filter is intact and that there is no rag stuck in the channel after a recent repair.
The engine fuel supply system is controlled by an electronic control unit, which, in turn, regulates the fuel-to-air ratio based on readings from the mass air flow sensor (MAF) and the throttle position sensor. If both of them are faulty, it is not surprising that the VAZ 2110 does not start.
Diagram of the fuel air system of the VAZ 2110
Next, it’s worth checking the condition of the air filter, since this is the easiest thing to do. And, if none of the above steps help, you need to check the pressure in the system created when the fuel pump operates. Connect a pressure gauge to the diagnostic fitting of the fuel rail and measure the pressure. Its low level indicates a clogged pump filter, and its high level indicates a gearbox malfunction.
The normal pressure level directly depends on the type of engine installed in the VAZ 2110 car:
- the limit from 284 to 325 kPa is normal for engines of type 2111, 2112;
- the limit from 364 to 400 kPa is normal for engines type 21114, 21124.
By the way, the serviceability of the fuel pump can also be determined by disconnecting the main gas supply hose to the ramp and pumping gasoline through it into a clean container. A working pump will pump at least 1.5 liters in a minute. fuel.
Also listen to the starter. Does the main electromagnetic relay turn on with a characteristic click and does the electromechanical drive of the unit work at all? Despite the fact that the design of the starter is extremely simple, the electrical contact on it can easily be lost or the gearbox can fail. In the latter case, a characteristic creaking or whistling sound will be heard.
If the starter does not rotate, you should remove it from under the hood of the car. This process will not take much time, just like disassembling the block itself. It is worth checking the serviceability of the electrical part using a multimeter, “ringing” the windings, and disassembling the gearbox. A large amount of lubricant in it in the cold season does not allow the starter to rotate.
Temperature sensor
When they, or even just one of them, are faulty, the vehicle's on-board computer is unable to properly test the engine and therefore cannot deliver the required amount of fuel to the cylinders. In this situation, the correct and least expensive option would be to replace the control device that has become unusable.
Of course, there is a theoretical possibility of testing it for suitability, but in reality it is difficult to do this at home, since special equipment is required. Calling a car service for this will require quite a lot of money and time.
Diagnostics
Diagnostics why the car takes a long time to start the injector
So, to determine the specific reason for the long start-up of an injection-injected internal combustion engine, you should start with a high-quality diagnosis. Usually, they check the compression in the cylinders. Its values must be within 12 atm for this to be considered normal. In this case, there should be no deviations between these indicators in each of the cylinders (maximum - 1 atm).
Then the spark plugs must be replaced. This will have an effect on the engine and it will now start much faster. However, if everything is not in order with the motor, then the normal starting time will last only 1-2 days.
Therefore, high-voltage wires should also be diagnosed. Diagnostics will make it possible to find out whether the cables have a breakdown, which is clearly visible by the spark coming out at night. This is done as follows: the car starts in the dark, at the same time you need to monitor which wire sparks.
The ignition coil also needs to be checked. Many experienced drivers do this: they install a known good and new module instead of the original one, then check the engine starting for several days. If everything is normal, the start-up does not take long - it means that the whole problem was in the bobbin (ignition coil).
If there are no changes, the test continues. This time you should test all filters, including the air filter. Next is checking and replacing all sensors and regulators. Pay special attention to the mass air flow sensor.
The next stage: testing various connections, checking the wiring for good contact, cleaning the masses and flushing the throttle assembly.
If nothing changes again, then it is recommended to check the engine fan relay. It often causes similar problems with starting on a fuel-injected internal combustion engine. You can test the relay if you remove the wire from the temperature controller installed on the thermostat.
Engine fan relay
The fan should turn on after these steps. However, after measuring the resistance value on a warm internal combustion engine, the system can produce low temperature data, although the temperature inside the engine is clearly more than 90 degrees. Why is there such a difference? It turns out that this may well be a buggy DTOZH, which for some reason was not checked earlier. It must show the real coolant temperature, otherwise chaos will begin in the system, and it is not surprising that the engine takes so long to start.
Candles
This is where you should start checking the power plant. The fact that they are probably not functioning correctly is indicated by the discovery of:
- pollution;
- soot;
- traces of fuel.
It would probably be easier for a novice driver to simply change them all together. Those who already have sufficient experience in operating domestic cars can easily revive spark plugs. To do this they need:
- clean from dirt;
- get rid of soot;
- warm up with a blowtorch.
When, even after replacing the spark plugs, the engine still does not start, you have to look further for the cause of the damage.
Battery problems
First of all, if the VAZ 2110 does not start, but the starter turns, you should check the operation of the battery. The voltage at the terminals of a fully charged battery will correspond to a value of 12.6 V. When completely discharged, it drops to a level of 10.5 V. But even a high value of battery voltage at idle does not guarantee its stable operation, which will be discussed in more detail shortly below.
Good battery
It is worth understanding that lead batteries cannot be completely discharged. In addition, their capacity may decrease significantly depending on the number of operating cycles and the total service life. Thus, a battery with a high no-load voltage level, with electrical receivers disconnected, may be unable to produce the necessary power for the starter to operate. How can I check this?
You can determine the fact that the battery does not have the required capacity (Ampere hours) left using the same multimeter, which reads the voltage level at the battery terminals at the moment the engine starts. If the voltage drops below 10.5 V, it means the battery is completely discharged or has failed and is unable to start the VAZ-2110 starter.
Checking battery density replacement
Among the main reasons for battery self-discharge are the following:
- the generator has failed or the voltage regulator is not working;
- the ignition key is left on for a long time;
- improper operation of the battery, failure due to physical wear and exhaustion of its working life;
- electrical wiring faults.
In order to prevent problems with the battery and generator operation, there is a special indication on the VAZ dashboard. It reports possible problems with the generator, a broken belt drive from the drive shaft to the generator, or a faulty battery. If you don’t want to buy a new battery prematurely, problems with the generator should be resolved in the next 50-100 km. mileage after the corresponding indication appears on the dashboard.
Carburetor
If there is a problem with it, you must first clean it. With such a task, it is better to turn to specialists - they, in particular, are able to quickly:
- adjust the carburetor;
- clean its dampers;
- check compression.
In severe cases, it is necessary to rinse it completely. However, sometimes the car does not start due to the fact that the bimetallic plate, intended specifically for the cold start of a power plant with a carburetor, has become unusable.
Timing belt broke
VAZ 2110 does not start, the starter turns - perhaps the reason lies in a broken timing belt?
The engine gas distribution mechanism is driven by the crankshaft gear. Initially, chains were used for this purpose, and timing belts, which began to be widely used about twenty years ago, aroused mistrust among car owners.
The undoubted advantages of a belt drive over a chain drive are its simple design, low weight and low noise. However, it is not without its drawbacks, the main one of which is the relatively short resource of the timing belt.
Of course, a faulty, torn or misaligned timing belt also causes the VAZ 2110 to fail to start. By the way, on stock, non-deformed models of the 21120 engine, a torn timing belt also causes valve deformation and requires additional repairs. In this case, driving even after replacing the belt without restoring the valves is impossible.
New timing belt VAZ 2110
Check for the presence of a spark in the spark plugs visually by turning on the ignition and pressing the outer metal part of the spark plug against the unpainted metal body of the car or against structural elements. Do not forget that all electrical parts of the product are under high voltage, so it is better to carry out work with insulating gloves. If there is no spark on only one spark plug, be sure to check the others and draw the appropriate conclusions.
The consequences of a broken timing belt depend entirely on the design of the power unit. To imagine what will happen at this moment, you need to turn to the mechanics of the internal combustion engine.
In a running engine, the pistons continuously move from one dead center to another. During the intake stroke, the piston moves down and the intake valve opens; during the exhaust stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the piston moves up. At the moment when the piston is at top dead center, all valves must be closed. If the timing belt breaks, the camshaft stops rotating and the valves stop in one position. At the same time, the crankshaft continues to rotate by inertia, and the pistons rush towards the open valves.
Timing belt VAZ 2110 OPEN
In some engines, for example, the 8-valve VAZ-2111, the pistons have special recesses to avoid contact with the valves in the event of a break. In this case, there will be no consequences, except that the car will not be able to get to the garage or workshop under its own power.
Ignition coil
If there is electricity in the circuit, it is the coil that almost completely fails. There is no point in repairing it, so the unit must be replaced with a working one.
As practice shows, problems with the winding often arise due to poor contact of the electrical wiring connected to it. Often the reason for this is banal pollution.
When the above manipulations do not bring results, it is necessary to check the functionality of the switch or distributor in the engine (depending on the type of power plant - injector or carburetor).
To do this, remove the protective cover and:
- check the presence of current with a tester;
- clean contacts from dirt;
- make sure they are held securely.
All other wiring problems must be repaired only at a service center. The thing is that only a few car enthusiasts are able to carry out diagnostics on their own. In addition, this requires special professional equipment.
Work on gas fuel
The gas system may malfunction after the car has been idle for a short time.
This is due to the fact that excess pressure is created in the tank due to gas expansion. As a result, the proportion of the air mixture and gas is disrupted. This creates difficulties when starting the engine when hot. Poor starting of the VAZ2110 engine when hot is a complex breakdown. If there is a clear reason, elimination is carried out with your own hands. But it's always possible. Often the breakdowns are not on the surface. To install them, special devices are required.
The procedure for returning the car to “life”
Let's say you find yourself in circumstances where the injection engine starts poorly or refuses to do so at all. There is no need to hesitate in such a situation - it is advisable to immediately begin resuscitation procedures. If you don’t have time to figure out the exact reason why the car doesn’t start well, then you should quickly carry out the following algorithm of actions:
In general, there are no particular difficulties in repairing a non-starting injector. The main thing in the process of such work is to act competently, in accordance with the procedure and possible vehicle malfunctions described above.
Prevention of injector breakdowns
Why the injection engine does not start and how to eliminate possible problems is now known to all readers of our resource. However, it is better to avoid such breakdowns, so let’s pay attention to ordinary procedures that, if carried out systematically, will help minimize the risks of all malfunctions. The simplest but most effective prevention consists of the following measures:
- Firstly, refuel exclusively at proven gas stations and only with high-quality fuel. Remember that most fuel system and engine malfunctions are caused by dirty gasoline;
- Secondly, change all consumables on time and only with high-quality products. The most important thing is periodic replacement of all kinds of filters and engine oil;
- Thirdly, periodically check the main components of the machine for stability. The list of the latter, naturally, includes the injector, elements of the fuel system, ignition and engine;
- Fourthly, never neglect routine diagnostics of your car at a service station. Surprisingly, even a delay of a couple of hundred kilometers can cause serious damage, which previously could have been eliminated with very simple actions;
- And fifth, always operate your vehicle properly. That is, you do not need to overheat, overload or negatively impact your car in any other way.
Perhaps this is where the most important information on today’s issue has come to an end. We hope the material presented above was useful and provided answers to your questions. Good luck in operating and maintaining your car!
Starting an engine is a serious task, the competent solution of which requires compliance with a lot of conditions. Ideally, the starter should start the engine a couple of seconds after turning the key, but in practice it is often different. Sometimes starting the engine can take several tens of seconds and does not occur after the first turn of the key. If you have to turn the starter for a long time to start the engine, there may be several reasons for this. It is important to identify the malfunction and eliminate it, otherwise it is fraught with serious consequences.
