DMVR is a mass air flow sensor, or as it is popularly called, a flow meter. It is designed to regulate the flow of air through the throttle body to create the fuel mixture. If this sensor fails, more or less air may enter the cylinders, which will affect fuel consumption. The cleanliness of the throttle also affects the flow rate.
The video shows the symptoms of a faulty mass air flow sensor on a VAZ. A non-working mass air flow sensor was specially installed:
How to check the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ 2110 with a multimeter
A. Check the wiring harness and contacts. At this stage, the interaction between the ECU and the mass air flow sensor is tested. Performed with the connector removed and the ignition key in the “ON” position. You need to know the pinout of the sensor connector on the ECU side:
- Contact No. 1 is not involved in the test.
- Contact No. 2 - 12 volt power supply. A deviation of even 0.5 volts is not acceptable.
- Contact No. 3 - “ground”, mass.
- Contact No. 4 - 5 volt sensor power supply. Likewise: deviations are not allowed.
B. Having verified the integrity of the cable harness and the operability of the ECU, we check the signal voltage on the connected flow meter. Turn the ignition key to the “ON” position and do not start the engine! We connect a digital multimeter to ground and contact No. 5 of the air flow sensor.
The multimeter is set to 2 volt measurement mode with an error of 1/100 volt. These readings accurately indicate the condition of the flow meter, so the accuracy class of the tester must be high.
If the device shows a voltage within 0.99-1.02 V, your flow meter is new or in excellent condition.
Readings from 1.03 to 1.05 volts are acceptable, but the air flow sensor will soon fail. You can still drive with such a sensor, but the quality of the fuel-air mixture will be far from ideal.
If there is no voltage or its level is above 1.05 V, the flow meter is faulty and requires replacement.
When you need to change the DFID sensor 2110: symptoms of sensor malfunction and check
During the operation of a vehicle, the mass air flow sensor 2110 can fail for various reasons, one of which is the long period of use of the device. When a sensor fails, it is usually not repaired; it is simply replaced with a new one. The following symptoms may indicate that the sensor is not working properly:
- “Check Engine” lights up on the car’s dashboard (you need to check the engine);
- fuel consumption increased, acceleration dynamics decreased;
- the car engine does not start;
- at idle, the car’s internal combustion engine operates jerkily (change in idle speed down or up).
All of the listed signs of sensor malfunction indicate that air is not being supplied to the mixture in the volume required. Taking into account the fact that this problem may be associated not only with a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor, before proceeding with dismantling the sensor, it is necessary to make sure that it is faulty.
In fact, the VAZ 2110 mass air flow sensor can be checked for performance using three methods: in motion, with a multimeter, visually. Checking the mass air flow sensor 2110 experimentally (in motion) is the easiest and fastest way. It consists of analyzing the operation of the vehicle’s internal combustion engine when the sensor is forcibly turned off.
Algorithm of actions:
opening the hood, disconnect the mass air flow sensor connector; start the car engine; since the car will operate in emergency mode, the “Check Engine” light will come on and the amount of air in the fuel mixture will be determined depending on the throttle position; Having driven a car operating in emergency mode, you need to pay attention to its dynamics and compare them with the dynamics before the sensor was turned off; If the car accelerates faster with the sensor turned off, the air flow sensor is faulty.
The next stage of diagnosis may be checking the mass air flow sensor 2110 with a multimeter. This method of checking the sensor for functionality involves the use of a measuring device (multimeter).
Before checking, you need to understand the design of the device and find out its “pinout” (soldering of wires on the board). There are four wires coming out of the MAF. Typically these are the wire to the main relay (pink/black or pink), ground (green), power (gray), and signal input (yellow).
To check you need:
- set the multimeter to constant voltage measurement mode, setting the limit to 2 Volts;
- without starting the engine, turn on the ignition;
- connect the black multimeter probe to the ground wire, the red one to the signal input of the multimeter sensor, inserting the multimeter probes through the rubber seal of the connector;
- take measurements and use the results to determine the state of the sensor.
Based on multimeter readings:
- voltage 0.996-1.01 Volts (new sensor);
- voltage 1.01-1.02 Volts (working sensor in good condition);
- voltage 1.02-1.03 Volts (sensor working, with long-term operation);
- voltage 1.03-1.05 Volts (sensor is worn out and may fail);
- voltage from 1.05 Volts and above (the sensor is faulty and requires replacement).
If the device is not at hand, the faulty sensor can often be determined by its appearance, that is, by visual inspection. In this case, it is necessary to dismantle the device and carefully inspect it for mechanical damage or for the presence of liquid in the sensor and air pipe.
The reasons for liquid and dirt getting into the sensor can be different (for example, the oil level in the crankcase is increased, dust gets on the hot-wire anemometer due to untimely replacement of the air filter, the oil sump of the crankcase ventilation system is clogged, etc.).
How to clean the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ 2110-VAZ 2112?
Replacing the mass air flow sensor (for use on the Lada Priora model)
Note! Many people stop and say there is no need to clean this sensor, in fact, everything is true because it is very sensitive and if you make some mistake, you can forever be left without this sensor and go to the auto store for a new one, so when cleaning, be careful and proceed with it Only if you are 100% sure that this particular sensor has failed, then we do not recommend that you touch a working sensor at all, otherwise you can simply damage it and go to the auto store for a new one!
1) At the beginning of the operation, you will first need to remove the sensor itself, in fact, the sensor can be removed quite easily, for more detailed instructions on how to remove it, read the article called: “”, everything is described there.
Note! The article linked above also describes how to properly check the sensor for functionality, so study it in more detail and only then proceed to this article!
2) Then, when the sensor has already been removed, you will need to disassemble it, for disassembly you will need a special asterisk key, in the same case, if you do not have one, then using pliers you can carefully remove the two screws that secure the sensor itself, to do this, take hands with pliers and use them to unscrew the two screws that secure the sensor itself to the body (The screws are indicated by arrows), but you need to unscrew the screws in this way: first, firmly tighten the screws themselves with the pliers and then turn not the pliers, but the body itself in the desired direction and turn until the screws will not move, but then you can easily unscrew them with your hands.
Note! When all the screws are unscrewed, very carefully without damaging anything (there are spirals on the sensor itself and one of them, which goes for heating, is not protected by anything), so when you pull out the sensor, do not damage this spiral, they are very delicate, there are even cases when after wiping their rag will immediately damage the sensor, so keep this in mind! (By the way, you can see the same spiral that is not protected by anything in the photo below, it is shown with an arrow on it)
3) Now take a carburetor cleaner in your hands (How to choose the right cleaner was shown in the video at the end of the article) and use it from top to bottom (Make sure first that the pressure coming from the cleaner is not too strong if there is a lot of pressure in the cleaner and therefore, the jet hits very, very strong, then in this case we recommend that you wash the sensor at a decent distance so as not to damage it) clean the sensor, you don’t have to splash too much on the sensor body (But still the body gets the most dirty) but still apply a little liquid , and pay special attention to the platinum spirals, which you will need to clean from dust and dirt accumulated on it
Note! This procedure is best done gradually, that is, not like this, sit down and clean the sensor in 5 minutes of continuous cleaning, it’s better to sit down and gradually clean the sensor in 10-15 minutes, using a pause between approaches, that is, remove all the dirt from it for the first time (Work with the sensor for about 1 minute), then let it dry and again, around 1 minute, remove all the remaining dirt from it, and for the third time, just let it dry the same way and rinse it from this dirt and after that you can collect put the sensor back and see if it works for you or not! (When you clean it for the last time, make sure that the drops flow from it cleanly and only then stop cleaning it)
Additional video clip: You can see more detailed information on how to clean the sensor in the video below, everything is explained in detail, but for example the sensor from a Niva car is taken, but despite this, all air flow sensors that are installed on cars are very similar to each other, so you don’t have to pay much attention to the car.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=Y8vgjd5QYcw
Note! If you are wondering which carburetor cleaner to choose to clean the sensor, then check out the video below:
https://youtube.com/watch?v=5h—RY3K4zI
Cleaning the sensor
If you observe signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor, then you can try cleaning the device.
By the way, this is the most expensive sensor of all in the line of front-wheel drive VAZ cars. But if yours is broken, don’t rush to change it. There is a small chance of restoring his “health”.
For the cleaning process you will need a special liquid that is used to clean the carburetor. Star keys are also useful. Unscrew the clamp, as well as the two “10” bolts.
Remove the pipe and take out the sensor. Spray the liquid onto the wire and tube. Work with extreme care, wait until this liquid has completely evaporated and leave the device to dry.
While the device is drying, remove the throttle assembly. You will see plaque inside the throttle assembly. It needs to be removed with liquid.
This dirt causes problems with the entire system. Because of it, problems with the mass air flow sensor appear, signs of a malfunction of the VAZ 2115, which bother beginners on automobile forums.
Do not remove the throttle cable. Place the knot on a cloth and treat particularly dirty areas with the liquid. Don't forget to clean the idle air control valve and the space underneath it.
After this, most likely, all signs of problems with the mass air flow sensor will go away, of course, provided that the sensor has no mechanical damage. Therefore, do not wait until you have the first signs of such problems, but take such prevention this coming weekend. It won't take you much time, and your car will truly breathe.
You won't recognize your engine. It will start much better, its traction will improve, and you will notice an increase in the power of your engine.
Carry out such preventive maintenance regularly, and your car will thank you.
The automotive market does not stand still; manufacturers are constantly improving car engine power, fuel consumption, aerodynamic values, and coming up with options for changing overall comfort. The main and obvious improvement was the transition from the use of a carburetor method of power supply to a more efficient injection system.
How does the latter work? Regulates the quantitative supply of fuel according to a single dosage for the operation of the power plant in different formats of activity. This allows you to reduce the amount of air consumption and ensure maximum power output from the power structure.
However, mechanics argue that the design of the carburetor system is technologically simpler, because the carburetor operates mechanically, which means that the mechanism can be assumed to be highly reliable. The VAZ-2110 is equipped with such a system. The advantage of the device is that the fuel-air mass is formed in the carburetor and in the cylinders through vacuum, which is created by the pistons.
- how is the crankshaft positioned?
- what is the rotation speed;
- how much air enters the cylinders;
- what volume is contained in the exhaust gas;
- where is the throttle valve located.
These data and the calculation of the required fuel are responsible for the sensors recorded in the individual components of the power product - mass air flow sensor, which we will look at in more detail right now.
What is a DMRV?
Step-by-step instructions for cleaning the mass air flow sensor
This device is very necessary in order to determine the volume of air that fills the combustion chambers when the engine is running. The sensor is usually installed after the air filter in the power system.
The mass air flow sensor is necessary in order to accurately measure the required amount of air. This amount is calculated in the sensor itself and then sent to the ECU, where, based on these data, the required amount of fuel will be calculated.
The more the driver presses the accelerator pedal, the more air enters the combustion chambers. The sensor records the amount and sends a special command to the ECU to increase the volume of injected fuel. If the car is to run or drive more smoothly, then a small amount of air will be needed. This is why you need a mass air flow sensor. It measures the required volumes of air for engine operation with maximum accuracy.
How does the MAF work?
This device is a small wire made of platinum alloy. The size of this cord is only 70 microns. It is installed in a special tube, which is located in front of the throttle valve.
This wire is cooled under the air flow. To regulate the temperature between it and the air flow, electricity is applied to the wire. The charge level can be adjusted. The more the wire is blown, the more electricity is supplied.
Due to constant use, this wire is constantly covered in dirt. But modern sensors have a self-cleaning system. Dirt is one of the reasons why the device fails, but there are other signs of a malfunction of the MAF sensor.
Although the design of the device is as simple and reliable as possible, it also fails. Its only drawback is that it is not suitable for repair. If the sensor fails, it is simply replaced with a new one.
Speed sensor
Signs of a faulty phase sensor VAZ-2112 16 valves
8- and 16-valve “tens” are also equipped with a speed sensor. Thanks to this device, the electronic engine control system receives information about how fast the vehicle is moving. The sensor itself is installed on the vehicle's gearbox. As practice has shown, on VAZ 2110 cars this controller is characterized by fairly high reliability and a long service life.
But domestic developers could not do everything perfectly, so this device is characterized by several malfunctions:
- If a component fails or does not work correctly, then when idling, the power unit may turn off on its own.
- A failed regulator can partially affect the speed characteristics of the vehicle. Of course, if the device breaks down completely, the driver will not be able to know how fast it is moving.
Two speed controllers
The first method is to disable the sensor
This verification method is the simplest. Every car owner can do it. The first step is to turn off the sensor. To do this, you just need to unplug the connector. Then you should start the engine. As a result, the ECU controller will go into emergency mode. And the supply of the fuel mixture will be regulated only using the throttle valve. Idle speed will be around 1500 rpm. After this, you need to check in by car. If the car has improved its dynamic acceleration characteristics, then it makes sense to look for signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor.
We check the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ-2110 with a multimeter
The sensor block, the first wire may not be there - this is normal.
To do this, we need to understand the pinout and the sensor connection diagram. As you can see, the block has only five wires:
- + 12 Volt.
- + 5 Volts.
- Total ground (green wire).
- Air temperature output signal.
- Air flow signal output (yellow wire).
Electrical diagram for connecting the mass air flow sensor.
The pinout may differ in different firmware versions and on different sensors. Everything is clear with the first two contacts - take a multimeter and check the presence of voltage when the ignition is on. If there is no signal, we look for the cause either in broken wires or in poor contact. Now we check the main indicator - the accuracy and magnitude of the air flow signal. By the way, this can be checked without a multimeter, using the on-board computer, if one is installed:
- We go to the menu, look for sensor parameters.
- Find the voltage Udmrv.
- The rating for all of the above modifications is from 0.996 to 1.01 V.
The platinum thread gets tired over time and distorts the impulse upward. A change of even one hundredth of a Volt is unacceptable. If the computer is not installed, we use a multimeter. We check the voltage between 3 and 5 (minus) contacts, setting the measurement limits on the multimeter to 2 V. Turn on the ignition, but do not start the engine.
The scale shows 1.00 - the sensor is in excellent condition.
On a scale of 1.26 – the sensor is “dead”.
Check table
We evaluate the result using this table:
| 0.99-1.02 V | The condition of the air flow sensor is excellent, close to new |
| 1.02-1.03 V | Sensor in good condition |
| 1.04-1.05 V | The platinum thread is worn out, you need to think about replacing the sensor |
| More than 1.05 V | The sensor does not work, urgent replacement is necessary |
Signs of malfunction of the DMVR
Design of the mass air flow sensor
Symptoms of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor can be direct or indirect . Let's consider all possible options:
- Check Engine light on the dashboard. In most cases, the CHECK indicator lights up due to the failure of one of the sensors, so you need to connect to the ECU to accurately determine the fault.
- A drop in power is only an indirect sign, since there may be another reason for this malfunction.
- Increased fuel consumption . Of course, everything can be attributed to the fuel pump, but the fuel pressure sensor must also be checked. About standard fuel consumption indicators here.
- Reduced acceleration dynamics . An incorrect amount of air mixture that enters the combustion chambers produces a poor ignition mixture, which in turn does not allow the car to accelerate normally and leads to jerking when the gas pedal is sharply pressed.
- Poor start-up or inability to start . A rich or lean fuel mixture cannot detonate normally, which will lead to just such problems. It is also possible that fuel will not burn through and there will be popping noises in the muffler.
- Floating idle speed. Different amounts of air entering the fuel mixture will have an effect when the speed will either decrease or increase.
To accurately determine the malfunction of the DMVR sensor, it is necessary to diagnose it.
How to check the MAF sensor?
The mass air flow sensor is checked using a multimeter
The mass air flow sensor is quite easy to check. For diagnostics you will need a multimeter.
- We disconnect the chips from the sensor power supply and insert the probes of the measuring device.
We connect the probes of the measuring device: red to yellow, and black to green (to sensor ground). - Now the sensor has switched to emergency mode, and the air is dosed according to the latest indicators. If the power does not close when starting the engine, then the problem is in the DMVR.
Voltage readings of a working and faulty sensor
- 1.01-1.02 — readings from the new sensor, everything is normal.
- 1.02-1.03 — there is wear, but the parameters are within normal limits.
- 1.03-1.04 — the parameters are working, but there is already wear.
- 1.04-1.05 — critical parameters, get ready for replacement, if you have the money, then we’ll change it. Fuel consumption may be reduced.
- 1.05 and higher - the mass air flow sensor is not working.
Measurement using paper clips - there may be an error on the device. According to the readings, it is clear that the sensor “ordered to live long”
Alternative verification method
The second way to check the performance of the mass air flow sensor is to disconnect the power from it and drive a few kilometers. If engine performance has improved, then the problem is in the mass air flow sensor.
Where to look for the VIN number?
Since there are no strict requirements for placing the VIN code on a car, it can be located in different places in different brands and models of cars (the manufacturer usually indicates these places in the documents for the car). Most often, the code is indicated under the hood near the windshield, and can also be located:
- at the junction of the dashboard and windshield on the driver's side;
- on the bottom of the pillar, behind the driver's seat (the marking is visible when the door is open);
- on the chassis;
- on the side members.
Checking and repairing at home
There are eight ways to independently check amplitude and frequency mass flow sensors.
Method No. 1 - disabling the air flow meter
The method consists of disconnecting the sensor from the fuel system of the car and checking the functionality of the system without it. To do this, you need to disconnect the device from the connector and start the engine. Without a mass air flow sensor, the controller receives a signal to switch to emergency operation mode. It prepares the air-fuel mixture only based on the throttle position. If the car moves faster and does not stall, it means that the device is faulty and requires repair or replacement.
Method No. 2 - flashing the electronic control unit
If the standard firmware has been changed, then it is unknown what reaction of the controller is programmed in it in case of an emergency. In this case, you should try to insert a 1mm thick plate under the throttle stop. The turnover should increase. Now you need to pull out the chip from the air flow meter. If the power unit continues to work, then the cause of the malfunction is the firmware.
Flow meter failure: signs and causes of failure
Of course, the absence of a sensor or incorrect readings will not lead to a complete stop of the car. Moreover, the mass air flow sensor is checked, among other things, by the on-board computer. However, the symptoms will not allow you to move normally on the road:
- loss of engine power, up to the inability to drive uphill;
- engine jerking when moving evenly;
- hanging at high speeds after releasing the gas (this can be dangerous);
- increase in fuel consumption up to two times;
- engine vibrations reminiscent of “triple movement”, leading to increased wear of mechanisms.
With the exception of natural wear (any mechanism has a service life), other causes of malfunctions are associated with contamination of the MAF sensors or moisture and oil entering it. These problems arise due to an irresponsible attitude towards car maintenance.
- untimely replacement of the air filter;
- installation of low-quality or “zero” filters;
- water getting into the air duct channel (driving through puddles at high speed, careless car washing);
- penetration of oil vapors into the flow meter housing due to a malfunction of the crankcase ventilation system;
- debris and foreign objects that have entered the measuring channel after repair work or car maintenance.
Replacement
It is not difficult to replace the mass air flow sensor with your own hands, even if you do not have any special skills in car repair. Having checked the condition of the device and determined that cleaning will not help, all that remains is to replace it.
- Place the car on a level surface, lift the hood and remove the negative terminal from the battery.
- Disconnect the sensor connector. We have already talked about its location, so there will be no problems with the search.
- Using a screwdriver, remove the clamping bolt of the clamp that secures the corrugation to the mass air flow sensor.
- The corrugation is removed.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the two bolts that hold the sensor to the air filter housing.
- After removing the failed oxygen sensor, install a new regulator in its place.
- Screw back a couple of bolts, secure the corrugation and secure it with a clamp.
- Reconnect the connector and return the negative terminal to the battery.
If everything is done correctly and the breakdown is correctly identified, then the engine will return to its previous performance and the error signal on the dashboard will disappear.
Replacing the device
To finally check the result of the repair, go out onto the road, do a test drive and be sure to try to press the gas pedal sharply. If the dynamics and power become the same as before the problems arose, you did everything correctly, and it was the mass air flow sensor that was the culprit of the malfunction.
What mass air flow sensor do you install on your car?
- The cheapest. I don't have a lot of money for repairs
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The second way is using a multimeter
Before performing these diagnostics, it should be noted that this will only work with a Bosch mass air flow sensor. Before performing the test, set the limit on your multimeter to 2 V, and then switch the device to constant voltage operation.
Turn on the ignition and connect the red wire to the yellow one on the block. Connect the black wire to the green one. At this moment the engine should not be running. Measure voltage
If the reading is between 1.01 and 1.02, then everything is fine. The multimeter shows voltage up to 1.03 - there is nothing to worry about, this is acceptable. The limit level is 1.05. If it is higher, then you can again look for the cause of the breakdown.
Checking the serviceability of the mass air flow sensor with a multimeter
You can also check the air flow in the VAZ-2110 using a multimeter.
This method is well suited if the car has a Bosch sensor with numbers 0280218004, 0280218037, 0280218116. Each cable in the VAZ-2110 sensor device provides separate functions:
- yellow – indicates the signal input to the installation;
- gray-white – removes supply voltage from the mechanism;
- green – determines the grounding output;
- pink with black - approaches the main relay.
Note that the wire colors may change, but the pinouts remain the same. For a better understanding of the mass air flow sensor in the VAZ-2110, a diagram of the sensor is presented below.
Step-by-step instructions for checking the mass air flow sensor in a VAZ-2110 with a multimeter look like this:
- Turn on the ignition, but do not start the engine.
- Connect the multimeter with the red wire to the yellow, black to green, using a probe. This procedure allows you to determine the voltage that has arisen between the terminals.
- What’s good about the probe is that it is inserted through rubber seals along the wires without violating the integrity of the insulating material. The use of needles is considered incorrect; the error in measurements may be large.
- Next, take readings from the multimeter.
The output voltage of the new device varies from 0.996 to 1.01 Volts. During operation, the values may change, mostly increasing. A higher voltage indicator indicates a greater degree of wear on the mass air flow sensor:
- from 1.01 to 1.02 – the sensor is fully operational;
- from 1.02 to 1.03 – the condition is not bad;
- from 1.04 to 1.04 - soon the air meter will have to be changed;
- from 1.04 to 1.05 – the condition is critical, operation is possible if no negative symptoms are reported;
- more than 1.05 – it’s time to replace the sensor on the VAZ-2110 immediately.
Is it possible to mix different classes of antifreeze?
Mixing antifreeze from different manufacturers is not recommended due to the unknown result of the interaction of additive packages included in antifreeze from different manufacturers, which can provoke coagulation and the formation of a flake-like sediment. Solutions G12, including those with different prefixes, for example Ultra or Euro, as well as G13 are classified as antifreezes based on organic compounds. Due to this, they are used in the cooling systems of modern cars that were produced after 1996. G12+ and G12 are made on the basis of ethylene glycol, and the solution with the Plus prefix is created using a hybrid manufacturing technology. It combines carboxylate additives and silicate additives. In 2008, G12++ antifreeze also appeared. Its organic compounds - lobrid - are combined with a small amount of mineral-based additives. In such hybrid fluids, additives based on organic compounds are mixed with inorganic additives. Due to this, it is possible to eliminate the lack of G12 fluid and carry out prevention, but all this happens without removing corrosion after it appears.
Possible sensor malfunctions
There may be several device malfunctions:
- the sensor is clogged with dirt;
- mechanical damage to the device;
- lack of contact, that is, damage to the power supply wiring of the device.
The main symptoms of controller failure:
- A Check indicator appeared on the control panel. As practice shows, this lamp most often lights up when the controller breaks down, so to determine the malfunction you need to connect to the electronic control unit.
- Engine power has decreased. Of course, this symptom is indirect, since a decrease in power can be caused by various malfunctions, but, nevertheless, it cannot be ignored.
- Fuel consumption has increased. This problem can also be attributed to the failure of the fuel pump or fuel filter, but the performance of the mass air flow sensor also needs to be checked.
- In addition, the acceleration dynamics of the car will be reduced. As a result of less air entering the combustion chambers, the quality of the air-fuel mixture as a whole will be lower. Accordingly, because of this, the car cannot accelerate normally. And if you press the gas, then when accelerating the VAZ 2112 may move jerkily.
- Poor engine starting; in more severe cases, the engine will not start at all. This, again, is due to a poor-quality combustible mixture. Such a mixture can cause detonation, which contributes to poor engine starting. In addition, uncharacteristic popping noises may be heard from the exhaust pipe.
- When the car is idling, the engine speed will fluctuate. This problem is due to the different volume of air flow that enters the combustible mixture (the author of the video is the channel In Sandro’s Garage).
Main set of sensors for 16-valve VAZ-2112 engines
The ECU must control many parameters at once
The most important information will be the position of the crankshaft. You can turn off all sensors except the DPKV, and this will not lead to the engine stopping
Sensors connected to the ECU
Let's list all the elements one by one:
- 15 – DTOZH. A resistor screwed into the thermostat housing. The temperature of the antifreeze is determined;
- 17 – DPRV, also known as DF (phase sensor). The operating principle is the Hall effect. The position of the camshaft is controlled. Check it out here.;
- 20 – TPS. Resistor fixed to the throttle assembly 19. The angle of deflection of the throttle valve is measured;
- 21 – Mass air flow sensor. Sensor connected to the filter housing. Controls air flow; the main signs of its malfunction are discussed here;
- 22 – IAC. Not a sensor, but a regulator (electromagnet). Used in idle mode. About its testing and diagnostics here. About replacing the IAC here.;
- 24 – lambda probe or oxygen sensor (see above);
- 25 – speed sensor. Fixed in the gearbox slot. Operating principle – Hall effect;
- 26 – DPKV. Electromagnetic sensor. The position of the crankshaft is controlled;
- 27 – DD (knock sensor). A piezoelectric element mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder block.
Let's take a look at how all the elements look in real life. Shown are pictures of VAZ-2112 sensors (16-valve internal combustion engine).
Each element will be easy to find under the hood
Everything said above is true for two engines at once - for units 21124 and 21120 (1.6 and 1.5 l).
Where is which sensor located - engine compartment diagram
Let's look at another picture.
Engine compartment and engine 21124
It is important to understand where the following elements are located:
- DPKV;
- Lambda probe;
- Speed sensor;
- RXX;
- TPDZ;
- DMRV;
- DTOZH.
The location of the phase sensor is indicated in the previous chapter.
DMRV of VAZ 2112 series
Traditionally for the AvtoVAZ family, the 2112 series was equipped with a whole set of engines with various options for ECU controllers.
It is the version of this unit that determines which mass air flow sensor is installed on a particular VAZ 2112. There are compatibility tables for electronic engine control units and flow meter models.
Mass air flow sensors are produced by various manufacturers: BOSCH, Siemens, Itelma, Avtel, etc. There is no fundamental difference between the brands, although drivers intuitively gravitate towards German products. Regardless of the logo on the device, the compatibility index is the same. Knowing the factory classification of the engine and the version of the ECU controller, you can always select a replacement mass air flow sensor.
For example, your VAZ 2112 is equipped with a 16 valve engine 21124 with a power of 90 l/s, with an environmental standard of Euro 3. The ECU controller on such an engine is BOSCH M7 9.7. According to the table, it corresponds to a flow meter with the index 0 280 218 116, the popular name is “one hundred and sixteenth”.
Information: some car enthusiasts claim that this index means compatibility only with 1.6 liter engines. This is an incorrect statement: the factory MAF classifier has no relation to the volume of the internal combustion engine.
Checking the regulator for functionality
There are several options for diagnosing the device.
To check the mass air flow sensor using a tester (multimeter), you will need to perform the following steps:
- First, you need to disconnect the plug from the device’s power supply, after which the multimeter probes are connected to the device. The red terminal must be connected to the yellow contact, and the black terminal to the green, that is, to ground.
- After performing these actions, the mass air flow sensor will operate in emergency mode, and the air flow dosage will be carried out according to the latest parameters. During diagnostics, the multimeter should display voltage parameters.
- Operation of the device is allowed if the voltage parameters are from 1.01 to 1.03 volts. If the values obtained are 1.04 volts or higher, then this indicates that the device is already wearing out or has completely failed. With such parameters, the device should be replaced as quickly as possible.
There is another verification option - alternative. To do this, simply disconnect the power plug from the controller, start the car engine - you need to drive. If you notice that when the controller is turned off, the operation of the power unit has become more efficient, then the cause of the malfunction lies precisely in the sensor.
Checking the air flow meter
One way to check the air flow sensor
There are several ways to detect a malfunction of this sensor. The easiest way is to disconnect the power supply from the sensor while the engine is running. After the chip is turned off, the control unit goes into emergency mode, in which fuel dosage is carried out according to the readings of the throttle position sensor. In this case, the idle speed will begin to increase to over 1500 revolutions, although not always; some injection systems do not increase the speed.
With the flow meter turned off, you need to drive the car. If the performance of the power plant has improved, most likely there are problems with the mass air flow sensor.
Video: Demonstration of a faulty mass air flow sensor on Kalina, Priora, Grant, VAZ 2110-2112, 2114-2115
Some sensors can be checked using a voltmeter or multimeter with high precision settings. The measuring device is connected with a “positive” probe to the MAF signal wire (usually the far right wire), and with a “negative” probe - to the ground wire of the sensor. Then you need to turn on the ignition, but do not start the power plant. A working sensor should have a voltage between 0.9 and 1.4 V. The readings above indicate a sensor malfunction.
Very often the failure is caused by contamination of the working elements of the sensor. Therefore, a visual inspection can also indicate a malfunction.
If the working elements of the sensor are noticeably heavily soiled, this is most likely the cause of problems with the operation of the power plant. But restoration work can be done with sensors based on a pitot tube. They can be removed from dirt by washing with a carburetor cleaning spray.
Replacing the knock sensor
If it requires replacement, then it is necessary to purchase a new device and install it as soon as possible. All car enthusiasts are primarily interested in the price of a new device. It is low and depends on the make of the car and on the country in which the part was manufactured.
You can carry out the replacement yourself when the engine has cooled down by disconnecting the negative terminal of the battery. It is necessary to achieve the most convenient access to the sensor so that it can be removed. The fact is that it also depends on the car model.
Thus, the knock sensor is a simple device, yet very useful for an electronic control system. It is not difficult to determine its malfunction; you can check it yourself, even in rural areas.
It will also be inexpensive to replace the sensor.
It doesn’t matter whether this is done by a specialist or independently
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Troubleshooting methods
You don’t have many options for solving the problem - you can either try to clean the sensor or replace it with a new one.
The cleaning and replacement procedure is described below:
- First you need to dismantle the mass air flow sensor. To do this, loosen the bolt that secures the corrugated hose to the device body, then disconnect it.
- Next, you need to unscrew two more screws, with which the mass air flow sensor is fixed to the air filter housing. Having done this, you can dismantle the controller. If you decide to change it, then you will simply need to install a new mass air flow sensor and perform the assembly in the reverse order. But if you want to try to restore its functionality, you can clean the device.
- After dismantling the regulator, it must be disassembled. There are spirals on the device, so when dismantling the regulator, be careful not to damage them. As practice shows, these spirals are very sensitive; there are even cases where car owners, simply wiping the mass air flow sensor with a rag, put it out of action.
- Now you will need a special carburetor cleaner, which can be purchased at any store. Before cleaning, make sure that the pressure from the cylinder is not strong, since excessive pressure can also damage the device. The device body itself should not be heavily processed, since the plates and spirals are the most contaminated, so these components need to be processed as much as possible. It should be noted that this process must be carried out in several stages. The point is to let the device dry a little after treatment - this will allow the dirt to dry out as much as possible. The procedure must be repeated several times at short intervals; eventually, the air flow sensor will need to be washed. The cleaning process itself is repeated until clear, clean drops of cleaner begin to flow from the sensor. Then you can reinstall the device by assembling all components in reverse order.
Photo gallery “Cleaning the air flow sensor”
1. Dismantle and disassemble the mass air flow sensor.
2. Clean it with a special product.
Types of mass air flow sensors
Mass air flow sensors are constantly being improved; today there are several meters that calculate consumed air:
- The main component is a pitot tube. The plate fixed in the sensor changes position under the influence of air flow. The inclination angle of the plate is measured by a potentiometer, which in turn changes the resistance. This serves as a signal for the control unit to determine the volume of incoming air.
- The mass production of modern mass air flow sensor devices requires the presence of hot-wire measuring mechanisms in the sensors. The heat exchanger contains 2 thin plates made of platinum. After energy is supplied to the plates to warm them up, one of them remains working, and the second - control. The MAF sensor in this design makes it possible to ensure a constant, identical temperature touching the 2 plates.
- The working elements of the film meter are silicon wafers coated with platinum.
What is the difference between sensors 037 and 116?
How can the regulators of these models differ from each other and is it possible to install 116 instead of 037? There are differences between these controllers, and the point is not in the MAF pinout. After all, if these models were the same, what would be the point of giving them different names?
So, how do the controllers differ from each other and is it possible to install model 116 instead of 037:
- The first difference that can be guessed based on the technical characteristics is that the 037 model can produce data with an error during operation. Of course, an error of 2.5% is not critical, but it does exist.
- Device 037 is intended for installation in VAZ 2111, 2112, 2123, 21214 cars, which are equipped with controllers M 1.5.4, January 5.1-5.1.3, etc.
- As for model 116, its use is relevant on Ladas 21114, 21124, 21214. Installation of this device is allowed on Kalina and Priora. Installation of the device is allowed on cars equipped with M 7.9.7 and January 7.2 controllers.
If you encounter a problem with the device not working, then when replacing it you need to install the same model that has already been installed. But it is worth considering that 037 is not a common option like 116, so it is more difficult to find. The latter, in turn, is more common, and its cost is lower.
Replacement is allowed, but experts do not recommend this. This is because these devices differ in their calibration, so in case of replacement, you will have to change the parameters of the control unit. And you can only get into the “brains” of a car if you understand what needs to be done and have minimal experience.
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The second way is using a multimeter
Before performing these diagnostics, it should be noted that this will only work with a Bosch mass air flow sensor. Before performing the test, set the limit on your multimeter to 2 V, and then switch the device to constant voltage operation.
Turn on the ignition and connect the red wire to the yellow one on the block. Connect the black wire to the green one. At this moment the engine should not be running. Measure voltage
If the reading is between 1.01 and 1.02, then everything is fine. The multimeter shows voltage up to 1.03 - there is nothing to worry about, this is acceptable. The limit level is 1.05. If it is higher, then you can again look for the cause of the breakdown.
What does a faulty air flow sensor cause?
Operating an engine with an inoperative/faulty flow meter causes detonation of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. This affects the operation of the crank mechanism (crank mechanism) and destroys the piston surface, which can cause a “wedge” in the engine.
What indications should a working mass air flow sensor give?
The voltage of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) of the flow meter when the engine is not running should be 0.996 V. Indicators of 1.016 and 1.025 V are acceptable, but if they reach more than 1.035 volts, it means that the sensing element of the mass air flow sensor is clogged.
To accurately determine the degree of deviation of the operating flow meter values from normal values, it is necessary to evaluate the engine operation at different speeds.
For example, for an injection 1.5-liter VAZ 2111 engine, if it is in good condition, at idle (860–920 rpm) the correct readings are 9.5–10 kg/hour, and at 2 thousand rpm - 19 –21 kg/hour. If the flow meter at 2 thousand rpm shows about 17–18 kg, then the car will drive stably. If the values are from 22 to 24 kg/hour, then the vehicle will move steadily, but the fuel consumption per 100 km will be approximately 10–11 liters. In addition, the car will have difficulty starting in cold weather due to fuel overflow when the engine warms up.
Mass air flow sensor device (English abbreviation - MAF)
- The housing is made in the form of a cylinder, the diameter of which coincides with the air duct of the intake manifold. Installed at the outlet of the air filter (using the example of a VAZ 2112). The housing itself is a calibrated measuring channel.
- To protect against foreign objects, a deflector and a metal screen in the form of a mesh are installed at the entrance. The correct air flow is formed through them.
- The air flows through the flow sensor itself, which operates on the thermal anemometric principle. There are two resistors installed inside (reference and variable), connected to a common circuit using a ballast circuit. Variable, precision, changes resistance when cooling and heating. The thread of this resistor is made of an alloy of iridium and platinum. The control board monitors that the resistance is the same. To do this, a platinum thread cooled by an air flow is heated by electric current. The resistor is constantly supplied with voltage, the value of which varies with an accuracy of 1/1000 volt.
- The value of this voltage is output by the MAF circuit to pin No. 5 of the connector. The signal is read by the ECU controller and programmatically converts this value into air mass (kg/hour).
In order for the fuel-air mixture to work efficiently, gasoline and air are mixed in a ratio of 1 to 15
Therefore, it is important that the mass air flow sensor produces accurate data
WHEN SHOULD YOU CLEAN THE SENSOR?
How quickly the mass air flow sensor becomes clogged directly depends on the degree of contamination of the air filter on which it is located. If the filter is not clogged, then it effectively cleans the air of all dust particles and the air flow sensor does not come into contact with small mechanical impurities, however, if the air filter is worn out or simply of poor quality, the sensor will become dirty very quickly.
Cleaning the air flow sensor is performed in the following cases:
- The fourteenth is very blunt during acceleration, any twitching, jerking or dips in speed indicate that something is wrong with the sensor;
- The engine idles intermittently or, conversely, the engine speed rises excessively at idle;
- Fuel consumption has increased (VAZ-2114 owners often write that if the sensor is dirty, gasoline consumption can increase from 9-10 to 15 liters);
- The engine refuses to start.
Flushing the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ 2114 solves any of these problems, unless, of course, the sensor is the only cause.
Flushing the air flow sensor on a VAZ 2114
Prevention and testing of mass air flow sensor on VAZ 2110
As a preventive measure, we can recommend timely replacement of the air filter. The use of sports zeros shortens the life of the flow meter. In any case, regular cleaning of the air flow sensor will not hurt.
- We disconnect the sensor connector, having first removed the ground from the battery.
- Carefully unscrew the flow meter housing from the intake manifold flange.
- If dust deposits are detected, blow out the cavities with compressed air.
- Of course, you also need to clean the air duct and air filter box at the same time.
If the contamination is severe (with oil and moisture), you can use a special cleaner for flow meters or carburetors; the manufacturer does not matter. To do this, it is necessary to direct the jet not only to visible sensors, but also to hidden cavities where the platinum resistor (thread) is located.
After this, the flow meter is installed in its regular place and the functionality of the electronic part is checked.
WHAT IS IT BETTER TO WASH THE MAF?
The reason why the mass air flow sensor fails is contamination of its sensitive element, which is a wire or a platinum resistor (depending on the type of device).
Platinum sensing elements can be easily damaged if not properly cleaned. If this happens, the device can simply be thrown into a landfill, since it will be impossible to recover them.
When choosing how to clean the air flow sensor, never use the following liquids:
- Products containing acetone;
- Ketone-containing products and any other artificial solvents;
- Liquids containing sulfur ethers.
Also, do not try to clean the mass air flow sensor on the VAZ 2114 using cotton ear buds or a toothbrush - any mechanical contact with the sensitive element of the device is unacceptable.
In essence, you have to choose a liquid for flushing the mass air flow sensor from three options:
- Regular medical alcohol without any impurities;
- Carburetor cleaner without acetone;
- WD-40.
WD-40
Ideally, it is best to use WD-40 and medical alcohol at the same time (diluted with distilled water in a ratio of 5 to 1): first, WD-40 is applied to the sensitive contacts, after which it is washed off with alcohol.
Signs of a malfunction of the mass air flow sensor on a VAZ 2110: how to rinse and clean it yourself
When the first signs of a malfunction occur, you should definitely check the mass air flow sensor, and then, depending on the situation, clean or replace the device.
Now let's talk about how to check our sensor. Today, two main methods of checking the mass air flow sensor are used.
- The engine is tested in operation with the mass air flow sensor disconnected. Simply turn off the power from the regulator and start the motor. When the mass air flow sensor is not present during startup, the electronic control unit turns on the power unit in emergency mode. The speed is adjusted to 1500 rpm. After disconnecting the sensor, drive a few kilometers and evaluate the dynamics and power. If the engine is running normally, then the sensor is the cause of the symptoms.
- The second method will require the use of a car tester or voltmeter. After starting the ignition, do not start the engine. The voltage threshold is set on the tester to 2V. The positive probe connects to the yellow wire on the sensor connector, and the black probe connects to the green wire. Next, refer to the table.
Index
Air flow sensor condition
The sensor is functioning normally
Not ideal, but still acceptable voltage readings
Maximum permissible values that indicate imminent sensor failure
The air flow sensor has failed and needs to be replaced
Quite often you can avoid replacing the mass air flow sensor by simply cleaning this engine element.
You should do the cleaning yourself in this way:
- Remove the pipe from the mass air flow sensor;
- Now remove the sensor from the pipe. Otherwise, high-quality washing will not work;
- To remove the sensor, arm yourself with sprocket keys in advance. Finding such kits is not a problem;
- Unscrew all the fasteners, remove the sensor from the pipe and assess its external condition;
- Often there are traces of oil deposits on the sensor. The purpose of cleaning is to make the device as good as new;
- Carburetor cleaner is often used to clean the air flow sensor;
- Inside the film there are sensors, which are small wires attached to a special resin. These elements must be carefully sprayed with cleaner so as not to damage the devices;
- Wait a while for the surfaces to dry. To speed up the process, use a can of compressed air;
- It is not uncommon to use alcohol instead of carburetor cleaner, which also works quite effectively;
- Proper cleaning of the mass air flow sensor involves treating the pipes from accumulated debris, dirt and dust;
- Having carefully processed all the components of the removed mass air flow sensor, wait until it dries, and then reassemble it. Cleaning is complete.
Spray cleaning
Statistics show that in about 80% of cases, simple cleaning can return the mass air flow sensor to its previous functionality.
Cleaning the sensor
Oxygen sensor on a 16-valve VAZ-2112 engine: signs of a malfunction
In some cases, it is possible not to flush the VAZ 2110 DMV, but to replace it. But many people don’t know how to clean the DMV VAZ.
These procedures are easy to do yourself:
- first you need to disconnect the pipe from the mass air flow sensor;
- then the sensor itself is removed, this is necessary for better flushing of the DMV VAZ2110;
- to remove the sensor, use a special key with asterisks;
- unscrew the fastening systems and remove the sensor from the pipe and inspect its appearance;
- in some cases, an oil deposit forms on the sensor, but after cleaning the sensor will be as good as new;
- to clean the sensor you need to purchase a special carburetor cleaner;
- There is a film inside the sensor, and there are thin wires on it, and in order not to damage them, you should carefully spray them with the product;
- leave for a while to allow the sensor to dry; it is best to use the product in cans;
- Some people use alcohol to clean the sensor; it will also clean it well;
- Also, when cleaning the sensor, do not forget about cleaning the pipe from accumulated dirt and dust;
- After cleaning, allow the parts to dry and then reassemble in the reverse order.
And after such measures are taken, the sensor can function and continue to work. But in some cases it is still worth replacing the sensor.
There are several price categories for the mass air flow sensor:
- Low cost, most often these are Chinese-made parts, and their cost does not exceed 1000 rubles, but experts do not recommend purchasing cheap sensor options.
- Average cost, most often these are AvtoVAZ parts, which can be of domestic or foreign production, their cost ranges from 1500-2500 rubles.
- It is best to purchase more expensive sensors, they are of high quality and reliable, but the cost here can be higher than 5,500 rubles, and they have a long service life.
When choosing, you should pay attention not only to the cost of the sensor, but you also need to take into account the manufacturer, and it is better to choose foreign manufacturers. They are usually of average cost and good quality
Replacing the air flow sensor
To replace the sensor with your own hands, you need to prepare a shaped screwdriver and a “10” key.
The replacement procedure consists of the following steps:
- First you need to turn off the ignition and open the hood.
- Then you need to disconnect the negative terminal on the battery.
- At the next stage, you need to loosen the clamp with which the corrugation is attached to the mass air flow sensor.
- Next, remove the corrugation from the pipe.
- Then you need to bend the comb and disconnect the sensor connector.
Disconnecting the sensor connector
