Now many Russians cannot imagine life without a car. Therefore, it is easy to understand them when the vehicle suddenly stops starting at one, far from perfect moment. This is even more unpleasant if it happens in the morning before leaving for work.
At the same time, many car enthusiasts are lost in such a situation and have absolutely no idea how to fix the breakdown on their own.
This material will tell you why a car like Priora may not start in cold weather, and why its starter does not turn. It is important to note that in most cases the problem can be easily fixed on the spot, and if you know how to do this, you can save a lot of money on a car service.
Why doesn't the starter work?
A car starter is an electric motor that is powered by a battery and is designed to start a gasoline or diesel engine. For this reason, this device is prone to both mechanical failures and problems in electrical power circuits or problems in the contact area.
- determine the full charge of the battery;
- carry out diagnostics of the ignition switch contact group;
- check the traction relay (retractor)
- check the performance of the bendix and the starter itself;
The ignition switch contact group can be checked very quickly. To do this, just insert the key and turn on the ignition. The lighting of the lights on the dashboard will clearly indicate that the contact group is in working condition, that is, you should look for problems in the ignition switch only if the indicated lights on the dashboard do not light up after turning the key.
In the case of a suspected battery, it will be enough to turn on the headlights or headlights, and then evaluate the lighting of the light bulbs on the dashboard, etc. If these energy consumers light up very dimly or do not turn on at all, then there is a high probability of a deep discharge of the battery. You should also check the battery terminals and the ground connection to the body or engine.
Special attention should be paid to the “negative” wire, which comes from the battery and is attached to the car body. A common problem is that
ground contact may disappear
not constantly, but with a certain frequency. To eliminate it, it is recommended to disconnect the ground at the point of attachment to the body, clean the contact well, and then try to start the engine again.
To check the battery on a car with your own hands, you need to remove the negative terminal, after which the voltage at the battery outputs is measured with a multimeter. A reading below 9V will mean that the battery is low and needs to be charged.
The presence of characteristic clicks from the starter when trying to start the engine, which are also accompanied by a noticeable decrease in brightness or complete extinction of the lights on the dashboard, indicates that the solenoid relay is clicking. The specified relay can click both in the case of a discharged battery, and as a result of malfunctions of the retractor or starter itself.
We also recommend reading the article about
Why does the starter click but not turn over the engine?
. From this article you will learn about possible malfunctions that cause the traction relay to click instead of starting the engine, as well as how to check the car starter yourself.
Fuse box in the engine compartment of Lada Priora
The power fuse box is located in the engine compartment under the hood, near the left strut support. To get to it, you need to open the lid by prying the latch.
- (30 A) - engine control system circuit. If there are problems with the electronic control unit, short circuits or other malfunctions, this fuse may blow out.
- (30 A) - vehicle on-board circuit.
- (40 A) - vehicle on-board circuit.
- (60 A) - generator circuit.
- (50 A) - electric power steering circuit.
- (60 A) - generator circuit.
In case of any problems, it is important not to panic, to think soberly and logically. The most important thing is to diagnose and establish the cause of the breakdown. If you don’t have enough experience or nerves, it’s easier to sign up at the nearest car service center if it has a competent electrician.
I hope this article will help you deal with electrical problems and quickly fix any Priora malfunctions. If you have any experience or information, please leave a comment below, useful information will be added to the article.
Bendix and retractor
The above symptoms will indicate that the fault is localized to the solenoid relay or the bendix does not engage the flywheel. Note that in the case of Bendix, a more characteristic sign is that the starter crunches and does not turn the engine. Another common sign of a bad starter is that the starter buzzes but does not turn the engine.
To check the traction relay, voltage must be supplied from the battery to the power terminal of the relay. If the engine starts to turn over, then the retractor starter is obviously faulty. A frequent breakdown is the burning of the contacts. To eliminate it, you will need to remove the relay to clean the nickels.
After cleaning, you must still be prepared to quickly replace the traction relay, since in the factory the contact pads are covered with special protection that resists burning during operation. Stripping will mean that the specified layer is removed, as a result of which it is difficult to predict the moment when the retractor coins will burn again.
Now let's turn our attention to the starter bendix. Bendix is a gear through which torque from the starter motor is transmitted to the flywheel. The Bendix is mounted on a single shaft with the starter rotor. To better understand, it is necessary to understand how a starter works. The principle of operation is that after turning the ignition key to the “start” position, current is supplied to the solenoid relay.
After the engine starts (the crankshaft begins to rotate on its own) with a working starter, the key in the ignition switch is thrown back, and electric current no longer flows to the traction relay. The lack of voltage causes the retractor to disengage the bendix from the flywheel, as a result of which the starter stops spinning.
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Wear of the Bendix gear means that there is no normal connection with the flywheel ring. For this reason, a cracking sound may be heard when starting the engine, and the starter may spin freely without engaging and buzzing. A similar situation arises if the teeth of the flywheel rim are heavily worn.
The repair involves disassembling the starter to replace the bendix and/or removing the transmission to replace the flywheel. To check the bendix yourself, you will need to close two power contacts on the traction relay. The electric current will bypass the relay, which will determine the rotation of the starter. If the starter rotates easily and hums, you should check the quality of engagement of the bendix with the flywheel.
Summarizing
It is advisable that the starter spins the engine crankshaft during an attempt to start it for no more than 10 seconds, then the device must be given a minute pause. Failure to comply with this rule will, at best, lead to a discharge of the power source, and at worst, it will completely disable the starter. Only replacing it can save the situation, since not every auto electrician will undertake the task of rewinding burnt windings, since it is not always possible to perform this procedure efficiently. In addition, the cost of this service is comparable to the cost of a new element.
When I turn the ignition key, the car does not start. You can hear clicks and sometimes crunching sounds. You turn the key a few times and the car starts.
Today, when I turned the key, the lights on the instrument panel came on, but the starter did not react at all.
The battery terminals are secure and the battery is new. The starter was disassembled, washed and checked by closing the contacts. No deviations were found. Bosch starter
Starter bushings
A frequent breakdown is also the malfunction of the starter bushings. The starter bushings (starter bearings) are located at the front and rear of the unit. These bearings are necessary to rotate the starter shaft. As a result of wear on the starter shaft bearings, the traction relay clicks, but the starter does not spin itself and does not crank the engine. This malfunction is as follows:
- the starter shaft is not in the correct axial position;
- the primary and secondary windings also close;
This situation can lead to windings burning out and power wires melting. Sometimes a short circuit occurs in the vehicle's electrical circuits, which causes a fire. In the case when the starter clicks but does not spin itself, you cannot hold the key in the “start” position for a long time. It is recommended to make several short attempts to start, as there is a chance that the shaft will be able to return to its place.
Please note that even after a successful start of the internal combustion engine, the starter will require mandatory and immediate repairs to replace the bearings. Remember, jamming of the starter shaft can lead to a short circuit and fire. We also add that a starter with problem bushings can work absolutely properly when cold, but refuse to turn when hot.
If the starter does not turn over when hot or turns the engine poorly after warming up, then you need to:
- Check the battery, battery terminals and power contacts. If the battery is in good condition and was 100% charged before the trip, but then discharged, then you should check the alternator regulator relay, alternator belt, tension roller and the alternator itself. This will prevent battery discharge and subsequent undercharging while driving;
- then you should pay attention to the ignition system and fuel supply system, check the spark plugs. The absence of comments on the operation of these systems, which is accompanied by the fact that the starter turns poorly when the battery is charged, will indicate a malfunction of the starter.
We also recommend reading the article about
how to properly charge a car battery with a charger
. In this article, you will learn about the basic requirements and recommendations for properly charging the battery, as well as how to charge the battery without a charger.
Please note that the device gets very hot together with the engine in the engine compartment. Heating of the starter leads to thermal expansion of certain elements inside the device. After repairing the starter and replacing the bushings, the indicated expansion occurs with the starter bearings. An error in selecting the required bushing sizes can lead to jamming of the shaft, as a result of which the starter does not spin or spins very sluggishly on a warm engine.
Individual situations
If the VAZ 21099 injector stops starting, you can try to close the contacts of the mechanism in a straight line.
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But sometimes there are emergency situations when the device stops functioning, let’s consider a few of them:
- The injection engine does not start in cold weather, but all devices work normally, the battery is charged. If there is no click, you should first diagnose the safety components, electrical circuit, and also the solenoid relay. If the device clicks, the relay must be replaced.
- The starter turns all day, there is a spark, but in the evening the engine stops starting. Before checking the starter, it is necessary to fully charge the battery, and then clean the contacts on both the battery and the mechanism itself. If these steps did not help solve the problem, you need to check the battery itself more carefully - try closing the contacts with a wire, which may cause a spark to melt. If this does not help, try applying a positive charge from the battery directly to the relay. If there are no changes, the unit will have to be replaced.
- If the car was operated normally all day, but after parking for five minutes it stopped starting, you can try to close the mechanism. You need to directly close two bolts on the relay; if this helps, but later the problem reappears, then disassemble the unit completely. Most likely, the problem lies directly in the erasing of the brushes. In this case, they will need to be changed.
- The unit does not turn at all, but the car can be started from the pushrod. If the problem is not with the starter, then check the fuse box and ignition switch. But before this, you should check the wiring - the reason may lie in the oxidation of the contacts.
Other reasons why the starter may not respond when the ignition is turned on
In some cases, there have been malfunctions in the operation of automobile anti-theft systems (car alarms, immobilizers). Such systems simply block the supply of electric current to the starter after the security mode is removed. At the same time, the diagnostics shows the full functionality of the battery, power contacts and other elements of electrical equipment that are involved when starting the engine from the starter.
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The next item to check is the solenoid relay. If it breaks, the starter can:
- be completely silent, that is, do not make any sounds after turning the key to the “start” position;
- hum and crank, but do not turn the engine;
- click repeatedly or once without cranking the crankshaft;
Problems with the relay or battery
If, when you try to start a Priora car or a car of another brand, you hear a click, but the starter turns very slowly, you need to clean the nickels.
In some situations it may be necessary to solder a new contact layer. If you suspect that the cause is in the motor, you need to close the contacts in the relay. If after this the engine was able to start the first time, look for the cause of the malfunction in the relay. Otherwise, the cause lies in the engine itself. Often this problem occurs due to a fault in the relay. This is evidenced by the occurrence of several clicks that occur one after another when trying to start the car. If you listen, it becomes clear that this sound is made by a relay. It occurs due to the fact that the starter receives an electrical charge, but the current only reaches the traction relay and does not reach the engine spin-up mechanism. In this case, you can immediately rule out the version of a discharged battery, since due to the low charge, the starter would still be able to turn, but slowly and only a few times.
Source
If the Priora does not want to start
When the car does not start and its starter, accordingly, does not turn, then most likely the culprit is the battery. This is indicated by the following additional symptoms:
- the solenoid relay clicks;
- The instrument lights on the panel go out.
The easiest way to test the battery is to turn on the headlights. If they burn weakly, you will have to charge the battery.
When the battery appears to be in good condition, but the car still does not start, feel the cables connected to it. If the ends screwed to the terminals (or the starter itself) are warm, then there is poor contact or oxidation. All this creates increased resistance, stealing battery power.
Here:
- unscrew the wires;
- clean the battery leads and terminals themselves;
- return the cables to their place;
- Make sure that the ground on the body and the positive on the starter are securely fastened.
Next, check if there is voltage at the ignition switch. This is done like this:
- disconnect the connector of the cable going from it to the traction relay;
- turn the key to the engine start position;
- measure the voltage at the connector.
Reasons for failure of the starting system
Most often the following happens:
- For some reason the electric starter does not turn on - the reason is a broken wiring, short circuit or breakdown of the traction relay;
- the starter starts, but an uncharacteristic clicking sound is heard - damage to the coil of the above relay or discharge of the battery;
- the start works, but the starter does not turn or rotates too slowly - the battery is dead.
In addition, the reason here may lie in:
- loss of contact;
- brush wear;
- collector contamination;
- short circuit of the winding wires.
It also happens that the starter works normally, but the flywheel still does not rotate.
Here, first of all, you need to make sure that the attachment to the crater installed on the clutch is not broken. Then you will have to check the integrity of the teeth of the flywheel itself or the drive gear.
How to remove the electric starter
The procedure in this case is as follows:
- remove the terminals from the battery;
- the “plus” connector is removed from the starter;
- removed from the relay block;
- The nuts securing the faulty unit are unscrewed.
Then you can safely remove it.
Next you will need to check the functionality of the relay. To do this, take emergency wires to start from another car. The negative one is installed on the battery and on the starter housing. “Plus” is connected to the relay. The latter in this case (if it works properly) is triggered and moves the gear. The absence of this reaction indicates a breakdown of this element.
Lada won't start when cold
Check how fast the crankshaft spins on your Priora. Too low a speed indicates:
- dead battery;
- hardening of the lubricant.
The absence of any reaction from the motor suggests that the problem lies in:
- fuel system - sometimes condensate freezes there;
- a sensor that monitors the temperature of the antifreeze;
- loss of tightness of nozzles;
- weak compression in the cylinders;
- failure in the on-board computer.
If the car starts unstably in winter, then perhaps there is low-quality gasoline in the Priora tank or a lot of condensate has accumulated. It would also be a good idea to look at the spark plugs and the cables leading to them from the distributor, the ignition unit itself, and the sensor that monitors the oxygen level.
Starter operating principle
This device itself is a conventional electric motor. A gear is installed on it, which meshes with the flywheel, which rotates when the power unit starts. A traction relay is also attached to the housing. The functions of this element include:
- gear movement control;
- starter disconnection.
When the key is turned to the starting position, voltage is supplied to the relay, exciting the electromagnet windings, then the contacts close. At the same time, the gear begins to rotate and the motor starts.
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When the key is released, the voltage to the relay windings stops supplying and the contacts separate. The starter is accordingly turned off. This is, in general, the entire description of the operation of the node in question.
general information
The starter is the key mechanism that ensures the starting of any vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine. In fact, it is an electric motor equipped with a special gear with a transmission mechanism. When activated, the part engages with the flywheel and rotates it, thereby providing a start to the gasoline engine.
The control element is a solenoid relay. It supplies voltage to the unit’s motor and regulates the stroke of the bendix. When the driver turns the key in the ignition, an electrical circuit is activated. Current flows to the relay magnet, which attracts the armature, which closes the contact group, which causes the starter to spin.
The force it creates is transferred to the flywheel, the crankshaft begins to rotate and the car engine starts. After this, the driver releases the key, the power is turned off, and the relay opens the contacts, after which the starter stops working.
