VAZ-2114 “Samara-2” is an improved version of the famous “nine”. This car was produced for ten years, from 2003 to 2013. This model was very popular among car enthusiasts and was produced not only in Russia, but also in Ukraine. Until now, tens of thousands of VAZ cars of this modification are driving on the roads of the country. And, of course, VAZ-2114 owners periodically face the question of the need for routine or emergency repairs of their iron horse.
As you know, the second most important problem in our country is roads. In this regard, one of the most common problems for car owners is replacing struts, which quickly become unusable on Russian potholes. Therefore, in this article we will try to analyze the question: which racks are best suited for the VAZ-2114?
Occurrence of misfires
Misfire itself is common in all four-stroke engines, from the oldest to the most modern.
In this regard, they are very often found on any one cylinder, so only 3 cylinders remain in operation. This phenomenon, well known to many drivers, is called a triplet. In this case, the engine operates unevenly, with frequent jerks, and the overall power drops by more than a quarter. In addition to malfunctions on one cylinder, there are also misfires in cylinders 1 and 4 of the VAZ 2114. This situation is much more critical and requires an immediate solution.
If you notice a misfire in your car, you should stop driving it and have repair work done as soon as possible. It is impossible to continue operating such a vehicle without troubleshooting, since initial starting problems can develop into constant jolts caused by fuel detonation and even engine failure.
Speaking about the steps, it is important to note that sometimes motorists mistake completely different malfunctions for ignition system malfunctions, namely:
- start the engine due to low fuel level.
- easy release of the car after starting in the cold season. This is not caused by ignition errors, but by cylinder wear. After starting, the cold elements of the engine begin to heat up and, as a result, expand. It is these changes in size that cause “trimming”;
- intervention of the machine with a strong supply of “gas” to a minimum. This phenomenon is also caused not by poor ignition, but by damage to the cylinder head gasket, which causes a leak;
Therefore, in order to accurately determine the cause of triplets, it is better to carry out a diagnosis - this will help you safely discard false versions and immediately begin troubleshooting.
Basic faults
Due to the extensive accumulated experience in repairing this malfunction, we can identify common factors that are inherent to any units. Common reasons that can lead to misfires in the ignition system:
- First of all, the problem may lie in the candles. Increased or decreased clearance, carbon deposits. Low quality candles.
Candle with soot - Wiring problem. Mechanical damage. Oily contact.
- Damage to the module itself or the ignition coil.
- Due to poor quality fuel, the injectors may become clogged.
- Compression in the cylinder is broken.
Compression dropped - Incorrect adjustment of the gas distribution mechanism.
- Air leakage into the fuel system due to various factors. Damage to the intake manifold, wear of the injector rings.
- For various reasons, the gap between the cylinder and the piston has decreased.
These are the main factors that are most common.
On cars without a computer, checking and identifying the cause occurs by trying different options.
Once the cause is identified, we move on to repairs. For these works you will need the help of a specialist.
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Misfires on a VAZ 2114: causes, diagnostics, way to set the ignition
There are probably no drivers, especially those with extensive driving experience, who are not aware of such a problem as misfire in the 1st and 4th cylinders of the VAZ 2114. This results in the car shaking and unable to move. In a word, a very unpleasant problem.
Previously, all units had 4 cylinders, and if problems arose with one, the engine, as they said, began to “triple”, running on 3 cylinders.
Today the situation is somewhat different, because units produced today can have up to twelve cylinders. Of course, the phrase “triple the engine” is no longer relevant, but it still remains and is mentioned when the operation of one of the cylinders is interrupted.
The occurrence of misfires on a VAZ 2114 is a real problem that can become a prerequisite for more serious consequences. The car not only shakes, bounces and cannot operate at full capacity. But it also starts with great difficulty; when driving, characteristic popping noises are heard, resulting from the detonation of the combustible mixture in the problem cylinder.
Checking the operation of the cylinders on a VAZ 2114 using computer diagnostics helps to detect many errors. If P0301 appears, it indicates problems in the first case, while P0302 means that ignition problems were detected in the second.
Code 0302 - errors of the second cylinder
The VAZ 2114 electronic control unit constantly monitors the operation of the power unit using sensors.
In this case, the rotation speed of the sensor on the crankshaft and on the involved cylinders is estimated over a certain period of time. In the event of a misfire, the crankshaft speed decreases slightly, and this is determined by the computer.
The cylinder can be turned on after a certain time or after the engine is restarted. It is not possible to turn off more than 2 cylinders at the same time. This is enough to get to the service station and keep the catalyst safe and sound. Previous versions of controllers often experienced errors when recording misfires when driving on bumpy roads. However, now on the VAZ 2114 this problem has been completely solved after installing a road quality sensor.
The difficulty in identifying this malfunction is that misfires are not constant, but appear periodically. It often happens that in cold weather (until the engine warms up) it “troubles”, but after warming up it starts to work normally. This is due to wear on the cylinders, because after heating the metal parts expand and compression is restored.
Often, at idle, the VAZ 2114 power unit works perfectly, but when the load increases, it works and works with noticeable interruptions.
The problem is a burnt-out gasket, as a result of which a leak appears when the pressure in the combustion chamber increases.
It happens that the VAZ 2114 engine coughs a little, and then its operation returns to normal again. In this case, nothing definite can be recommended, since complete control over the power unit is required. The reasons may be different.
The ignition of the VAZ 2114 is diagnosed according to the following scheme: the remote control is turned on; during the test, error P0300 may light up. It means:
- faults in the third - P0303;
- malfunction in the first - P0301;
- problems in the second - P0302;
- faults in the fourth - P0304 and so on Error code 0304 - error in the fourth
Reasons for "blondes"
Sometimes poor performance of the injection system is simply due to inattention to the condition of the car and untimely maintenance.
1. Filters are clogged. Replacing air and fuel filters is a mandatory part of car maintenance for experienced car owners. The average service life of filters on a VAZ is 30,000 km. The actual value depends on the quality of the fuel and the filter itself, and operating conditions. If the car has traveled more than 100 thousand kilometers, it is advisable to change the filters more often, every 10-15 thousand (or once a year). During this mileage, dirt inevitably accumulates in the system.
If your car stalls in neutral or immediately after starting the engine, start by inspecting the filters.
2. Lack of gasoline. The critical fuel level cannot be allowed. Dirt may get into the fuel line and settle at the bottom of the tank. If the gauge has reached a critical level (or does not work), the car has just been driving, and after stopping it does not start or starts and stalls, you may need to add fuel.
Firstly, the accuracy of the FLS on the VAZ is not ideal. Secondly, if you stop at a slight level on a slope, fuel may not be sucked in by the pump at all or may be mixed with air.
3. Crooked hands. If the problem appears immediately after repairing the machine, carefully check the connections of all chips or the integrity of the wires. The reasons why the engine stalls may lie there.
Diagnostics
To accurately determine the misfire of cylinders 1 and 4 of the VAZ 2114, you need to run computer diagnostics. This is done using a special electronic module inserted into the diagnostic connector. After running the scan, your computer will automatically display the results in the form of special codes corresponding to specific errors.
Therefore, the following codes are provided for misfires:
- P0303;
- P0301;
- P0302;
- P0304.
In this case, the last digit of the code corresponds to the number of the faulty cylinder. For example, a misfire in the 1st cylinder of a VAZ 2114 will be designated as P0301 and so on...
Replacing the fuel filter yourself
Before performing work, it is necessary to drive the car onto an overpass or pit. After this, you need to find the necessary filter. In this car model, it is located under the bottom of the vehicle behind the fuel tank, next to the muffler. After this, you should unscrew several fittings (pipes). It is best to do this using key number 19 M.
If everything is done correctly, the filter can be easily removed. You just need to remember which side it was installed on. After this, it is enough to put the new filter in the same place in the correct position.
If the VAZ 2114 stalls, there may be other reasons. Therefore, it is worth considering them in more detail.
Engine operation with misfires
Previously and now, most engines (including approximately those for the VAZ-2114) were equipped with four-cylinder engines, and by the time one of them failed, the car began to behave unstably and the power could decrease upward by up to 25%.
This engine trembles when starting
This behavior of the engine was called the "triplet" engine, popular and famous even today.
Nuances in the misfire problem
If there is a problem such as a misfire in your car, you should not delay solving it, as this can lead to much more serious consequences. Initially innocent and difficult engine starts can turn into extreme moments of engine operation associated with constant detonation of the exhaust system from the non-combustible mixture.
Algorithm for checking elements to eliminate error P0300
Since there are many possible causes for the P0300 code, it is necessary to follow a specific troubleshooting algorithm. Here is a sequence of actions to quickly detect the cause of misfires:
- Diagnostics should begin with checking the high-voltage cables. To do this, you need to get a multimeter, set it to measure resistance (Ohms) and measure the values of the wires. If the insulation of high-voltage cables is not broken, after the test the resistance will be about 4-10 kOhm;
The above are the basic steps that most often help find the cause of the P0300 code. When checking the above elements, pay attention to their condition: the presence of soot, traces of mechanical damage, and so on.
It is necessary to determine other possible reasons for the appearance of the P0300 code, depending on what other errors the scanner indicates during diagnosis. That is, if the oxygen sensor fails, in addition to P0300, error P0134 or P0130 may occur. Try to eliminate other errors that are diagnosed along with P0300, this may resolve it immediately.
- A stuck EGR valve is also a possible cause of the P0300 code. When diagnosing your vehicle, check the long-term fuel trim value for a specific cylinder. It should differ from the ideal value (which can be found in the literature on servicing a specific car model) by no more than 1-3% in both directions. If the deviation is 7% or more, additional air intake occurs.
- Inspect the intake manifold gasket. If it is badly worn, it will need to be replaced;
Dirty throttle valve and pipes
From time to time the throttle valve becomes clogged, for example if the air filter is already in poor condition. Then it’s worth removing all the pipes from the throttle, checking them for permeability and blowing them out. It definitely won't be redundant.
Next, disconnect the throttle cable and wires and remove the throttle. The cleaner can be found at any auto store. In case of heavy contamination, take a clean container and soak the throttle valve in gasoline in it for some time. Don't be afraid to blow out absolutely everything, as the throttle has narrow channels that can also clog.
Checking the set ignition
To check the ignition on an 8-valve engine, one injector should be prepared:
- Multimeter.
- Set of wrenches and screwdrivers.
- Pliers (always with insulated handles).
The process looks like this:
- Remove the unit from the module, connect a multimeter (control mode should be low AC) to pins C and B, make sure there is voltage. Check the coil (2nd and 4th pin).
- With the ignition off, check how tight the high-voltage wires are and what contact is in the module.
Check the power supply to the ignition module
Check the condition of high-voltage cables. Install a working spark plug into each cap in turn, attach one end to the block and start the engine with the starter. The presence of a spark signals that everything is normal. Its absence on each wire means that the module is faulty.
Checking high voltage cables
If you were able to set the ignition correctly on the VAZ model and this was confirmed by the test, but you still observe problems, then you need to check the fuel system.
Air flow sensor
If the IAC turns out to be serviceable, then you should check the air flow sensor. To do this, you will also need a multimeter set to voltage measurement mode (in the range of up to 20 volts).
Measurements are carried out as follows:
- turn off the engine and turn on the ignition;
- measure the voltage at the sockets used to connect the yellow and green wires;
- if the voltage value is in the range of 0.98 - 1.02 volts, then the sensor is working. If not, then action should be taken.
To begin with, you can try to clean the sensor by blowing it with a composition for cleaning carburetors (in the form of an aerosol), although this does not always help. If after purging the voltage readings return to normal, then the “repair” was successful; if not, then the sensor will have to be replaced with a new, similar one.
Let's figure out how to set the ignition on a VAZ 2114 correctly
The first cars in this series were produced with a contactless ignition system, and an electronic one appeared only later. Due to the fact that throughout its history the car has been equipped in different ways, before setting the ignition on the VAZ 2114, you need to find out what it is.
Ignition systems of the 8-valve injection VAZ-2114
You can determine the type of ignition by looking under the hood:
- If you find a switch near the “heart” of your car (analogous to a distributor installed on contact systems), it means that your car belongs to the first series, and the ignition of the VAZ 2114 injector on it is non-contact, based on the switch-distributor block. The ignition in such systems is adjusted by gradually turning the distributor, and the results of the work depend on the experience of the performer and the availability of special equipment. Then, using a strobe light, you can debug the system exactly as the car owner wants.
- If this part is missing, your car belongs to the tenth family and is equipped with an electronic ignition system. It cannot be installed manually and its operation is completely controlled by the ECU. However, it is not completely unregulated, because by connecting to the on-board computer, some of its parameters can be reconfigured to your liking, but only a few specialists know how to do this correctly.
TPS is out of order
The throttle position sensor is another suspect. The symptoms are similar to IAC, except that when moving away smoothly the car will do so jerkily. The sensor is also located on the throttle in the area where the throttle cable is connected.
The test can be done using a multimeter. If TPS is installed on the car, then open the throttle and watch the tester readings, they should change smoothly. If removed, then use a screwdriver and also look at the readings.
Useful : 8 reasons why the VAZ 2114 does not start when hot
What can multiple misfires lead to?
Single misfires are just a signal to the owner of a VAZ 2114 about problems with the engine.
Numerous accidents have the following consequences:
- As a result of misfires, unburnt fuel will enter the catalytic gas reduction system. Because of this, the converter overheats and fails.
- With repeated passes, some of the gasoline will enter the lubrication system through the walls of the idle cylinder. Oil diluted with gasoline will lose its properties and will not be able to provide high-quality lubrication of loaded engine elements.
- All of these factors can lead to engine failure and the need for costly repairs.
Fuel pump strainer is clogged
Considering the quality of fuel supplied to our market, you can often encounter a similar problem. If you have checked everything listed above, but still have not figured out the problem, it is better to immediately go to the nearest auto parts store and purchase a new mesh there. The issue price is about 70 rubles.
Then, under the rear seats, we find the hatch and unscrew it, gaining access to the gas tank. We disconnect all the tubes and remove the fuel pump mount and remove the entire mechanism from the tank. A mesh will be attached to the supply to the fuel pump, remove it and install a new one. Afterwards we collect everything back into the gas tank.
How to fix the problem?
The way to eliminate problems that arise is to replace damaged or worn parts.
It is better to correct such defects in a specialized service, where they will first find out the cause of the problem.
Some causes of misfires in the VAZ 2114 can be found and eliminated yourself:
- If gaps and error 300 appear on the computer screen, you need to unscrew all the spark plugs, check the gap between the electrodes and see how much carbon is present on their surface. In case of module errors 0301, 0302, etc., you must carefully monitor the condition of the spark plug in this cylinder.
- It is necessary to visually inspect the wires going to the spark plugs; if cracks are found on the surface, they should be replaced with new ones.
- Check the condition of the camshaft drive belt and the alignment of the marks on it. If the phases are violated, it is necessary to adjust the gas distribution system.
- Check the compression, which should not be lower than 10 and not higher than 14 bar and should not have a spread across the cylinders higher than 1 bar. If the pressure is low, it is necessary to check the valve clearance adjustment.
- View games with valves. Sometimes when adjusting, the gaps are set incorrectly and the drain valves do not close completely. Check and adjust distances every 20 thousand km, and when using gas as fuel - after 10 thousand km.
- If misfires occur in different cylinders under different operating conditions of the unit, the ignition module must be replaced.
Sources
- https://AlanSpb.ru/tehservis/propuski-v-cilindrah-vaz-2114-prichina.html
- https://AccBook.ru/to-avto/propuski-zazhiganiya-vaz-2114-inzhektor-8.html
- https://avtonomnaya-gazifikaciya.ru/obsluzhivanie/propuski-v-cilindrah-vaz-2114-prichina.html
- https://carfrance.ru/mnozhestvennye-propuski-zazhiganiya-vaz-2114/
- https://TrueScooters.ru/tehservis/propuski-zazhiganiya-vaz.html
- https://provaz2114.ru/elektrika/pochemu-byvayut-mnozhestvennye-propuski-zazhiganiya-na-vaz-2114.html
- https://auto-nix.ru/snyatie-i-zamena/propuski-zazhiganiya-na-vaz-2114-prichiny-diagnostika-sposob-vystavit-zazhiganie.html
- https://pilot-avto77.ru/remont/propuski-zazhiganiya-v-1-cilindre-vaz-2114.html
