What wires need to be connected to start the car?

We have all seen more than once how in dashing action films the main character starts a car without a key by connecting a couple of wires. Of course, it is possible that a similar situation can happen in life, and it is not necessary to steal a car or participate in a chase. The ignition key may simply be lost or broken during a sudden jerk in the socket. Repairs have their time, but for now you need to somehow start the car without a key. So how to do this? We're not action heroes, so we don't need to rush. Step by step turning on the ignition of a car without a key looks something like this for all car models:

First, you need to carefully get your hands on the wires, which will require removing the protective cover from under the steering wheel.
Once this operation is completed, you will see a set of multi-colored wires leading to the ignition switch. You need to separate the wires from the lock in any way that is most convenient for you.
Having done this, determine whether each wire belongs to the vehicle’s on-board system and what each of them is responsible for.
First of all, let's calculate the ground wire. Its most common color is green or black. Some cars have this yellow wire with a thin green stripe. To make sure that it is the grounding wire in front of you, connect it through the tester to the machine body. A digital indicator at value 0 means that this is the same wire. Insulate its end to prevent an accidental short circuit with the power wires: this can lead to failure of the on-board system.
Now you need to calculate the power wire. To do this, study the colors - most likely it will be red or yellow, a lot depends on the voltage. It happens that there is only one such wire, sometimes there are several. Then you need to find everything. You will have to examine all the wires by connecting one multimeter probe to the ground wire or car body. You need to set the tester in advance to the voltage measurement position. Have you found all the wires from which the power comes? Also isolate them by grouping them first. Their accidental contact with the ground or machine body is dangerous.
Now you need to find the wire that powers the starter. Be sure to lower the handbrake and, in turn, connect the wires of unclear purpose to the power wire, or to all of them at the same time, grouped together. One will definitely turn on the starter. Mark it with something, a marker or tape.
Now connect the power wires to the wire that supplies voltage to the car. It is important that the connection is strong, otherwise the engine may stall at any moment.
And now we do it like in the movies - we strike the wire that powers the starter, which will cause a short circuit and the car, if all the conditions described above are met correctly, will start. Once this happens, move the wire away.

Another unusual situation that can happen in winter is that the electrolyte in the battery has frozen. How to save your battery in this case?

You have the keys, but still won't start? Instructions on how to properly light a cigarette from another car will help.

What is better for your VAZ, antifreeze or antifreeze? This issue is discussed in detail here.

How to start a car with a screwdriver?

To close the starter using a screwdriver, you need to set the gearshift lever in the neutral position and tighten the brake. Under these conditions, the screwdriver will act as a pull-in relay. We insert a screwdriver between the power terminals, closing them. In order to start the car directly through the starter, it is best to resort to the help of an assistant.

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VAZ 2110 ignition switch diagram

Below is a visual diagram of the device itself and an electrical diagram for connecting the ignition switch; it is suitable for both the VAZ 2110 and its modifications - 2111 and 2112.

Wiring diagram for the ignition switch VAZ 2110

Electrical diagram of the ignition switch VAZ 2110

VAZ 2110 ignition switch pinout:

Power +12 volts, which must be supplied to the inserted key sensor microswitch;
The mass should come when the doors are opened on the driver's side;
Source +12 volts, current must flow to the starter (with pin 50);
The +12 volt source goes away after the ignition is turned on, for example, additional equipment: watch, DVR, etc. (contact is 15);
There is also +12 volts when you insert the key into pin 5 of the on-board control system;
The power supply is +12 volts, with the help of which the illumination of the ignition switch cylinder works;
Power comes from +12 volts from the battery (pin 30);
Do not use.

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Disadvantages of the method

The main disadvantage of this method of starting the starter is that you can easily burn the ignition coil.
That is why experts recommend carrying out this action only once. But sometimes the engine does not start using this method, so the reason lies much deeper. It is also worth considering that in those places where the screwdriver comes into contact with the terminal, a current of up to 50 A is issued. It can easily become stuck, and it will also kick back into your hand; it can be quickly removed using an open-end wrench.

Replacing the ignition switch of a VAZ 2110

Replacing the lock with a new one is only necessary if it has already stopped working altogether or if a fairly serious breakdown has occurred; in all other cases, you can get by by replacing the failed parts.

The most common reasons for replacement:

if the car has been stolen;
if the key is lost;
breakdown of the contact group.

Instructions for replacing the ignition switch:

To carry out this procedure, you need to use special bolts with tear-off heads ; some motorists recommend replacing them with twenty-millimeter M6 bolts , which can be removed more quickly during repeated repairs;
To loosen the bolts you will need a chisel; during use you need to be extremely careful not to break the bolt head;
Immediately before replacing the ignition switch, you need to insert the key into it and turn it to position “I” so that the latch, which blocks the steering shaft mechanism, is in the lock body.
Then you can put the ignition switch on the steering column and secure it with a bracket, also tighten it with bolts for fastening.
After removing the key from the keyhole, you need to check whether the steering shaft locking mechanism works. If the shaft lock does not work, you will need to adjust the position of the ignition switch on the steering column until the latch fits into the groove on the steering shaft.
When the locking mechanism is working normally, then using a spanner wrench “10” you finally need to tighten the fastening bolts.

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Today, in modern cars there is often a system that allows you to start the car from the Start Engine button. This option allows you to do away with the ignition switch, and starting the engine becomes simpler and more convenient.

In this article we will look at installing a universal kit costing 1,200 rubles, which is suitable for most cars. In a specific example, it will be installed on an OKU, VAZ 1111.

Reasons why a diesel engine does not want to start

A diesel engine is distinguished by the absence of spark plugs and the principle of compression ignition. Often the car does not start because the diesel engine is very demanding on the quality of fuel, especially when driving in winter.

That’s why you can protect yourself by using special depressant additives, or in common parlance – anti-gels. Such additives prevent diesel fuel from freezing during cold periods. The range of such additives is wide; it is recommended to choose products from well-known manufacturers that have proven their effectiveness and safety. One of the leaders in tests and consumer reviews is the product of the famous German brand, LIQUI MOLY Diesel Fliess-Fit antigel. The product is distinguished by a high degree of fuel modification and absolute safety for the fuel equipment of a diesel engine.

When you don't want to bother

If you realize that the described options cannot be implemented on your own, then you should seek help from specialists. Now in any city there are companies providing lock picking services. This is the optimal solution if the standard key was simply forgotten inside the vehicle.

It should not be ruled out that calling a professional will cost less than eliminating the consequences of your inept actions. A specialist is able to open the car without leaving the slightest scratch on it.

Keep in mind that you will have to document that the car belongs to you.

The second option is to call a tow truck. This will have to be done if a chip key is needed to open (start) the car. Replacing the latter involves installing a new core, and this is difficult to do outside a service station.

In the described situation, access to the interior or starting the engine is a secondary task, which can be solved without any problems in a car repair shop.

Ignition switch malfunctions

The ignition switch on a VAZ 2110 must be replaced if its operation cannot be restored in any way or the key is broken/lost. In other cases, they are usually repaired.

There are two groups of main breakdowns:

The mechanics are faulty . The most common problem is the breakage of the larva. The keys are made of soft metal, so they are unreliable and can often simply break off. There is also a problem with the steering wheel locking or the key may simply get stuck when in the on position.
Wear of the contact group . No matter what kind of damage you have, you will still have to dismantle the lock. If the tongue of the blocker is jammed, you will have to work hard to correct the situation. The contact group or larva is quite easy to repair.

In order to check the ignition switch on a VAZ 2110, there are many instructions and methods, we will consider some of them.

Detailed instructions for checking faults in the ignition switch:

The first thing to do is disconnect the wire from the negative terminal of the battery.
Remove the plastic cover of the steering column to get to the contacts of the pads, because it is with their help that power is connected to the car's electrical wiring. Next, disconnect the connector of the harness itself from the on-board network and pull it out.

Disabling the immobilizer

Before bypassing the immobilizer on Kalina and other AvtoVAZ creations, it is better, of course, to consult with a specialist, but if your knowledge of electronics allows, then you can save money on this procedure. In addition to the necessary knowledge, you will need:

knob;
universal joint;
crosshead screwdriver;
extension;
figured bat.

Armed with everything you need, unscrew the battery and remove the protection from the dashboard. The capricious immobilizer will be located behind the heating controls, not far from the radio. Externally, the device looks discreet, like a small black box measuring 5x10 cm. After that, the hardest part begins.

To remove the treasured black box, you need to unscrew the bolts that connect the device to the control panel. Before this, you need to turn off the power supply from the APS; to do this, pull out the plug and hold it with a special lock. Don't forget to reactivate the diagnostic line after the immobilizer has been removed. Disabling the Priora or Kalina immobilizer is completed, now we need to configure the APS.

The most important thing at this stage is to completely delete all information that was left in the ECU (volatile memory) unit. This will be more difficult to do, since the immobilizer will most likely be equipped with an EEPROM system, which is responsible for storing data. There are two ways to solve this problem:

You can modify the control unit by resoldering the chip resistor. To do this, you need to connect the unit to a PC and use a special pack-loader to read the firmware. After this, it is enough to install new EEPROM firmware and solder the chip in its rightful place.
You don’t have to remove the chip and use the Combiset program, which works on the same principle as EEPROM.

In some immobilizer models, “tricky” EEPROMs are installed, from which it is impossible to delete all information, and unnecessary “tails” will not lead to anything good. How to disable the Priora immobilizer in this case? Yes, very simple, edit the dump file. To do this, you need to replace its bytes and enter the combination FF instead of 2-7 digits.

In order to open the ECU from the immobilizer, you need to remove the standard wiring connector and count contacts 9 and 18 in it (there are 20 in total). These wires must be bundled and insulated.

The matter remains small. We connect all the connectors to the control unit and put it back. We install the console and start the engine without any problems. Ready!

Starting a Lada engine without a starter

If the starter does not work or the battery is dead, then you can start the Lada with a pusher or with a crooked starter. We will consider each method in detail separately.

How to start with a pushrod

You can push the car yourself on a flat road, but you will need certain equipment there; it is better to act if there is a hill/slope.

How to start a car with a pushrod

You can start a Zhiguli with a discharged battery from a pusher in this way:

Turn on the ignition.
Pump gasoline into the carburetor using a fuel pump.
Pull the choke out a little to enrich the mixture.
Engage neutral and roll the car onto a flat, straight section.
Position yourself near the open driver's door, grab the pillar and accelerate the car to a speed of about 10 km/h.
When the speed is up, jump into the seat, press the clutch and gas, engage second gear (the first quickly reduces speed due to the high frequency of movement of the pistons).
As soon as the engine starts to catch, “play” with the clutch, pressing and releasing, so that it begins to work stably.

If you have an assistant or another machine, everything is easier. Enough:

Hang on to the cable or ask an assistant to push and sit behind the wheel.
When the towing vehicle or assistant picks up speed, press the clutch and engage the gear.
As soon as the engine starts, press the clutch and put it in neutral again, stop (if a person is pushing) or give a stop signal to the towing person and also stop behind him.

If there is a good slope, you can simply roll the car onto it so that it rolls down, immediately get behind the wheel and start driving.

Starting the engine manually

Another way to start a Zhiguli if the starter does not work is to start from a “crooked” position. This way you can start old VAZs of the classic family that have a manual starter function (there is a hole in the crankshaft pulley and in the bumper). To start a VAZ with a crooked starter, you need:

Starting a VAZ from a crooked starter

Set the gear to neutral.
Turn on the ignition.
Open the choke.
Pump gasoline into the carburetor.
Insert curved starter.
Take the pen so that all fingers are on one side (the thumb is with the rest, and not opposite).
Turn the handle until it starts (from top to bottom clockwise).

You need to keep your fingers together so that in the event of a reverse flash (if the spark passes early and the shaft moves in the wrong direction) or the engagement mechanism jams, you do not get injured.

A useful recommendation from the owner of a VAZ 2101: after pumping up gasoline with a gas pump, first turn it slowly 5 times, then get into the car and pull out the choke. Depress the gas pedal 10 times and turn on the ignition. Then set the starter knob to the “5 o’clock” position and sharply turn the knob clockwise. The engine will be able to start the second or third time. You need to scroll with gloves or a wrapped rag. Don’t try to use it like a sewing machine—one sharp tug is all it takes. Be careful not only with the placement of your fingers on the handle, but also so that after starting you do not puncture the radiator. The end of the curve flies off the ratchet and it’s very easy to throw it somewhere to the side!

Method 1.

The first thing you need to do is remove the casing that covers the steering column. This gives you direct access to the ignition switch. Now the main thing is to correctly determine the location of the wires. To do this, you can use a multimeter. Remember, we need to find exactly the grounding. Therefore, one of the contacts should be closed to the car body. If there is no voltage indicator on the device, then this is exactly the wire that we need.

How to start a Zhiguli in cold weather

This is what the leak looks like on a VAZ-2107

When severe frosts set in, many Zhiguli owners experience problems with starting, the reasons for which lie in battery fatigue, thickening of the oils, and in the intricacies of the carburetor or gas equipment due to the difficulty of evaporation. To start this car in winter, you will have to work with the choke, heat the carburetor and depress the clutch pedal while cranking the starter.

Starting a Zhiguli engine in severe frost

To start a classic VAZ in severe frost, you just need to arm yourself with a bottle of hot water. To start you need:

Fill a bottle with hot water. For convenience, you can make a hole in the plug and insert a tube there.
Open the hood and manually pump gasoline into the carburetor.
Pour hot water over the intake manifold leading from the carburetor until it warms up.
After the manifold warms up (and it makes the carburetor warmer), turn on the ignition and pull the choke to the middle or stronger.
Depress the clutch pedal to relieve the load from the engine and start the engine from the starter. To simplify mixture formation, you can make gas mixtures.
If it doesn’t work the first time, wait a minute and try starting again with the starter.

How to start a Zhiguli carburetor engine in winter

How to start a Zhiguli with suction in the cold - video

How to start a car on gas in winter

If there is no gasoline left and frost strikes, you will have to worry a little more, since starting a VAZ on gas is more difficult in winter. Propane-butane has a relatively high boiling point (from -1 to -42, depending on the proportions of gases in the mixture) and when evaporating, it additionally removes heat and is less flammable.

Where should you pour hot water to warm up the gearbox?

To start from gas equipment, you need to warm up not only the manifold, but also the gas equipment reducer. You can do this in the same way using a hot water bottle. Warm up the gearbox by slowly pouring boiling water over it. Having turned on the HBO button, pull the choke handle halfway (you can hold your foot on the accelerator pedal for a minute), start the engine just like that with the clutch depressed. With the engine running, let it run again with choke, but do not give the gas above 1200 rpm before warming up, otherwise the gearbox will freeze and then you will no longer be able to do without gasoline.

If your car doesn’t “sniff” gasoline at all, then it is recommended to install an external heating with a thermostat and a coolant heater on the second chamber. Remember that constantly starting an engine on gas that is not warmed up to 50 degrees reduces the life of the gearbox by 2 times!

Repair of ignition switch VAZ 2110

The entire lock as a whole is not very expensive, although most of the breakdowns can be fixed quite easily; to do this you will need to dismantle it, disassemble it and then replace the parts that are faulty.

To replace the contact group of the VAZ 2110 ignition switch, you will first need to release the latches so that some of the parts can be freely removed from the body. After this you can easily install a new group. You will not be able to mix up the sides for installation, because the part simply will not fit on the other side.

Instructions for replacing the contact group:

First you need to disconnect the plug that goes into the backlight. Using a screwdriver, you need to bend the 3 latches that are fixed by the plastic cover, then you can remove it from the lock.
To gain access to the contact group, you need to bend 2 more latches.
Then you need to inspect the light guide plate and check if there is a black coating and other deposits. If you find any, you can remove these defects with fine sandpaper. If after this there is no result, then you can replace it.
Under the light guide plate there are 3 more plates, which are also prone to oxidation, as a result of which the contact group may malfunction. They can also be cleaned with sandpaper.

If you just want to do preventive maintenance for the contact group , then once every six months it is enough to lubricate the contacts with penetrating or graphite grease , which would effectively counteract the oxide. Choosing a lubricant is a very serious and complex procedure. When buying, you should not take the cheapest one. I would like to note that there are several types of lubricants: light (not thick) and heavy (thick). Some car enthusiasts use aerosol penetrating lubricant “liquid key” or WD-40.

A replacement of the lock cylinder is carried out only if the car has been stolen or the key simply does not turn well in the lock. To change it, you will have to remove the protective plate from the outside of the part using a special slotted screwdriver. After dismantling, all you have to do is install a new part and periodically lubricate it with lubricant to extend the service life of the part (it is recommended to lubricate 2 times a year, before and after the autumn-winter season).

If the microswitch is broken , then in this case you need to unscrew the screws from the housing, remove the rod and press the lock. a new one is installed in its place . Everything is put back into place, respectively, in the reverse order.

The backlight lamp is generally the easiest to replace; to do this, you need to remove the power connector , then you can carefully remove it using pliers.

To replace the ignition switch, you need to know some nuances.

Starting a gazelle on gas in the winter season

Drivers are not immune to situations where it will depend on the knowledge and sequence of their actions whether they can quickly solve the problem (away from a gas station) with an empty tank in winter and how to start a Gazelle without gasoline at sub-zero temperatures, using gas equipment, but only when the gearbox is hot.

When the driver is under time pressure (in other words, pressed for time), then ordinary hot water, within 60-90 degrees, can be used to speed up the preparation of the car for departure. It must be carefully poured onto the gearbox, without getting on the electrical wiring, until the engine starts and the antifreeze warms up. A few minutes will be enough for this. But such actions should be carried out as a last resort.

Battery connection

This method uses a copper cable, terminals and plug, with this you can connect the starter and battery of the car. If you connect all the parts, you will get a kind of carrier, and it will help start the engine. Then the car is at neutral speed and the ignition is turned on, the homemade carrier is connected to the positive on the battery. If everything is in order with the starter, then the engine will start easily, and then quickly remove the terminal and return the connection to its original place.