What bolts are needed for alloy wheels of VAZs

Types of fasteners

Here are the types of fasteners needed for alloy wheels:

Bolts are metal rods with a screw thread at the end. Used to connect detachable elements.
Nuts are round-shaped parts designed to fasten elements by screwing a metal die onto threaded rods.

Steel, aluminum or titanium alloys are used to produce products.

Titanium bolts are distinguished by high quality indicators. Black bolts for alloy wheels are made from steel with the addition of molybdenum or steel with a chrome or nickel coating.

What is important when choosing

When choosing, you need to decide on the following parameters:

Dimensions. External characteristics are not decisive in selection. It is important to determine the diameter, length, depth and width of the well, and revolutions.
Material. This is an equally important point when selecting fasteners. The main requirements in this case are aesthetic appearance and high strength. Budget products are made from metal, the rest are made from high-quality steel.
Appearance. The ferrous metal rod negates the effect of the cast hubcaps. The modern Russian tuning market offers a wide range of decorative coatings. All that remains is to make a choice.

Characteristics of bolts and nuts

Bolts and nuts differ in design features, so the choice is determined by the type of disk. The stamped disc is made from a durable type of steel. Moreover, it has a small thickness at the point of attachment to the central part of the rotating part. For an optimal connection, the bolt and nut must have a flat surface. The composition of cast wheels includes relatively light alloys. They have reduced reliability characteristics. The fastening system of the products is made in the form of a cone.

Thread

When purchasing bolts, you should pay attention to the threaded part. Not all elements have the same thread pitch. More often there are hardware with a thread pitch of 1.25 and 1.5 mm with a diameter of 12 or 14 mm. It is recommended to purchase new wheel bolts complete with rims or take into account the requirements of the car manufacturer's instructions.

Thread length

To select a bolt of the required length, the easiest way is to try it on site. This technique does not work if the bolt is coated with a coating that is difficult to scratch. Then another option will do; you will need to count the number of revolutions when unscrewing the old bolt. Next, the length of the threaded pin is divided by the resulting figure. The result will be the required length of the fastener.

Length selection rules

Stamped wheels: top 10 brands

There are 3 options for determining the length of the product:

Directly trying it on on the spot. They purchase a product, delay it and make a conclusion.
Calculating from an old part. For this case, you will need to count the number of revolutions. Next, the resulting number is divided by the length of the screw.
Based on the number code specified by the manufacturer.

When selecting for comparison, it is advisable to focus on an already proven option. Short models are designed for attaching “stampings”. They are distinguished by a small ribbed part and a low cap. The fact is that the “stampings” are thinner and do not have wells. Bolts for alloy wheels are longer due to the compacted attachment points to the hub.

You should clearly understand in which cases which screws are suitable. More often than not they are not used interchangeably. This is a safety violation. If a short rod is used on forged and cast metal parts of the wheel, it will be twisted at a low number of turns and will not be able to withstand the load.

Long metal elements on the “stampings” will pass right through. On VAZ wheels, such bolts will look normal from the front, but from the back they will hit the pads. The worst possible outcome could be a broken brake cylinder and a seized wheel.

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For foreign cars, as a rule, studs are used. Its length is adjusted using nuts.

How to measure yourself

Measurements must be as accurate as possible, since the indicators differ in close values with a distance of a couple of millimeters, for example, 98 and 100 or 110 and 112, and they are not interchangeable. To eliminate errors, it is recommended to use a caliper or ruler.

Adjacent holes

Here's how to determine the distance between bolt holes. The dimensions of the circle on which the holes are located are taken. The diameter is determined using compatibility tables or by measuring using a ruler. The resulting distance between adjacent fasteners should be multiplied by a factor that depends on the number of holes. The circumference of a VAZ is 9.8 cm, and that of passenger cars is 139.7 millimeters.

Far holes

A simple measurement method is carried out on models with an even number of recesses - for 4, 6, 8 fasteners. Parallel Hole Distance – PCD.

And here’s how the far holes of disks with five bolts are measured: the calculation is made between non-adjacent recesses, the resulting figure should be multiplied by 1.051.

Hub window diameter

Indicative data for the central hub window are indicated in the table and in the complete bolt pattern formula. In the absence of information, readings are measured with a ruler or caliper. The diameter of the hub area on the VAZ 2110 = 58.6 mm.

The bolt pattern is carried out taking into account the relative size of the vertical axis of symmetry of the disk to the area adjacent to the hub.

Wheel alignment

After replacing wheel rims, the dimensions and bolt patterns of which differ from those provided for by the design of the VAZ 2110, it is necessary to make all the necessary adjustments in order to ensure reliable protection of the entire chassis, as well as tires and arches.

Correct alignment angles are required for each front wheel. There are three parameters that require correct installation: wheel toe, caster angles of the steering axles, and camber angles of each wheel.

Wheel installation options

The rules by which the parameters of the front wheel are set are as follows:

You won't go far if everything hangs out the way it wants, and the car is pulled to the side when it should be going straight. To ensure the stability of each front wheel, they are installed strictly at the required angles to the body and suspension elements. This is called the longitudinal inclination angles of the turning axis. Installation dimensions are indicated in the instruction manual;
Camber is the angle between the plane in which the wheel rotates and the vertical. The camber bolt helps install it (it secures the telescopic strut and steering knuckle). If the camber is installed incorrectly, the car “steals” and the tire tread wears out more on one side;

Wheel installation options
The angle between the longitudinal axis of the car and the plane of rotation of the wheel is called toe. It is toe that is responsible for the controllability of the front wheel when cornering and at different speeds. If the toe is set incorrectly, there is severe lateral tire wear, tires squeal when cornering, and even increased fuel consumption.

Full and abbreviated bolt pattern formula

Manufacturers provide detailed wording that reflects all important meanings. Motorists use abbreviations that do not fully describe the product.

Abbreviated

PCD (Pitch Circle Diameter) is a short formulation that includes two parameters. It is indicated: 4×98 – wheel bolt pattern on a VAZ-2110. The number of four indicates the number of bolt recesses. The number 98 was obtained as a result of the transverse method of measuring their circumference.

Full

Let's look at an example: the full bolt pattern formula is indicated on the rim: 7.5 J×15 H2 5×100 ET 40 D 54.1.

Decoding of alphanumeric groups means:

5 JX 15 – rim width 7.5 inches and diameter 15 inches;
X – indicates that the disc is made by casting or forging;
J – it is recommended to use the product on single-wheel drive vehicles;
JJ – marking of all-wheel drive models;
H2 – the number of protrusions that secure the tires. Models with one protrusion - H1. Absence of protrusions - marking AN;
Hump - indicates high-quality rubber retention; this feature eliminates depressurization.

Consequences from another bolt pattern

Using inappropriate bolts is a safety hazard. When a bolt pattern occurs, an axial displacement of the entire wheel relative to the hub occurs. At high speeds, the wheel spins unevenly, the car will shake, which is accompanied by a beating in the steering wheel.

When installing wheels, car enthusiasts often encounter such a problem as a discrepancy in the diameter of the fasteners. In this case, eccentric bolts with a movable conical part are suitable, which will eliminate discrepancies in size.

Tightening fasteners on alloy wheels

Before installing the bolts into the mounting recesses, it is recommended to treat the hardware with graphite lubricant. As a result, when it comes into contact with the disk, the head of the bolt or nut will rotate and make full contact. This will prevent blocking during starting power due to friction between the disc and the mounting system. Bolts are produced that compensate for minimal deviations in fastener dimensions. A loose connection will lead to cyclical failures in the fastening system; the bolts and nuts will begin to unscrew themselves.

Locking bolts for alloy wheels

Secret bolts for alloy wheels are another subtype. If you install locks, car tires will be protected from theft. You won't be able to remove the wheel with a regular wrench. To unwind the secrets, you will need a key that comes with them in one set.

When selecting fasteners for wheels, you should remember that cast products are relatively thick. Accordingly, longer bolts are selected for them than for stamped discs.

Everyone knows that bolts are used to secure wheels on many domestic cars, in particular on the “nine”.

Without exaggeration, the life of the driver and passengers depends on the wheel fasteners. Therefore, you need to select wheel bolts for the VAZ 2109 with all seriousness and it is better to purchase them from official dealers of automakers. Only correctly selected wheel bolts guarantee reliable fixation of the wheels.

What types of wheel bolts are there?

Let's look at what a VAZ 2109 wheel bolt is.

Standard fasteners have:

hex head;
conical clamping part;
threaded part.

Moreover, the edges of the head turn into a cone. M12 thread with pitch 1.25 and thread length 22 - 24 mm. Thread pitch is a very important parameter. If you forcefully screw in bolts with a different pitch, you can ruin the threads in the hub, and then you will have to change it.

Such hardware is used for wheels with stamped discs. If cast (light alloy) wheels are used, then for the VAZ 2109 the wheel bolt must be longer (27 - 33 mm). Chrome plated with a conical rotating washer is often used. This washer, located under the head, protects the surface of the disc when the bolt is tightened. Its threaded part must completely fit into the hole in the hub, but no more, so that when the wheel rotates, the bolts cannot touch stationary parts.

It is worth emphasizing that you cannot put old stamping hardware on new alloy wheels. In this case, the bolts can easily unscrew under load and the wheel will fall off while driving. I don’t even want to talk about the consequences.

The clamping part of the bolt can be spherical, but it must coincide with the profiles of the holes in the wheel rim to ensure wheel alignment.

Length selection rules

There are 3 options for determining the length of the product:

Directly trying it on on the spot. They purchase a product, delay it and make a conclusion.
Calculating from an old part. For this case, you will need to count the number of revolutions. Next, the resulting number is divided by the length of the screw.
Based on the number code specified by the manufacturer.

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For foreign cars, as a rule, studs are used. Its length is adjusted using nuts.

How to avoid wheel theft

To protect wheels from theft, some use “secrets,” as they are called. This is a bolt that cannot be unscrewed with standard tools, but only with an individual special key, available only to the owner of the car.

Various methods are used to protect such fasteners. For example, the head of a bolt can be made in the shape of an irregular polygon or a completely arbitrary figure; one of the profiles is sometimes shifted to the side. A perforated profile with holes of various diameters and depths is also used. You cannot determine the reliability of secrets by looking at their profile; it is more important to use products from proven and reliable manufacturers.

Usually, in order not to ruin the secret bolt, it is tightened with less force. Because of this, such wheel bolts in the VAZ 2109 are placed one on each wheel. Unfortunately, in our country there are still people who like to “take off” your car’s shoes, so the topic of secret locks remains relevant for now.

All these secrets make it difficult for lovers of easy money to remove the wheels, they make it difficult. Because if you have time, you can unscrew everything, but thieves have little time.

Therefore, in order to most effectively protect your wheels, you should follow several rules.

It is better to buy expensive secrets, this helps to avoid matching products. Because when producing unique secrets, after some time the cycle repeats, and there is some chance of repetition of parts. But in expensive products such coincidences are excluded.
If you buy alloy wheels, it is better to choose ones in which the secrets would be “recessed” inside the disk rather than on the surface. They are more difficult to unscrew.
It is worth purchasing bolts with a flat pattern at the top of the head, which is not sharpened to a key. (For example, an asterisk or a heptagon). That is, the drawing should be as unusual and flat as possible.

The price on the Internet for regular wheel bolts is from 14, and for “secret” ones from 160 rubles.

Sometimes car enthusiasts use bolts for VAZ 2109 wheels with an offset center. They are easy to find in online stores. Such bolts are used if there are no original disks and others have been installed with slight differences. The eccentric bolts allow you to align all the holes and securely fasten the wheel.

Bolts are made from different materials. This can be steel with an admixture of molybdenum or steel coated with nickel, chromium, etc., sometimes even titanium. Coated bolts have a nice appearance. But don’t think that this is the best choice. The problem is that any bolts are susceptible to corrosion. And the technology of nickel or chromium coating with sufficient stability has not yet been created. After a year, coated bolts will inevitably lose their beauty. Therefore, the appearance of the bolts is practically unrelated to their operational data. The most important factors are strength, thread pitch, length and type of bolt head.

To change wheels yourself, you need to know how to properly unscrew and tighten the wheel bolts. To do this, you should look at the photos and videos. There are a lot of such materials on the Internet. There are also instructions online for tightening bolts using a torque wrench. It is especially important when installing new bolts after approximately 50 km to check the tightness of all bolts. Most likely, some of them will have to be tightened up!

Freelance options

VAZ-2107 cars are equipped with stamping, which has certain advantages and disadvantages. Stamped discs serve for a long time and reliably, bend and do not burst upon impact, and can be easily repaired even at home. Such models are easy to use, affordable, and do not attract the attention of intruders. However, the relatively large weight increases fuel consumption, makes acceleration and braking difficult, and creates inconvenience during installation and dismantling.

Innovative light alloy models are divided into 3 categories based on their manufacturing method:

Cast ones are made from alloys based on aluminum or magnesium, which allows them to reduce their weight by a third compared to standard versions. The fragility and inelasticity of the material upon impact leads to chips or even bursting of the wheel.

Forged products are distinguished by increased strength and lower density due to hot stamping technology. Deformation requires a lot of force, but the inflexibility of the material forces the suspension to take on the full force of impacts when driving on a bad road.

Prefabricated ones consist of 2-3 segments fastened with bolts. You need to pay special attention to the fastening material. Steel bolts rust quickly, titanium bolts do not corrode. Components can be manufactured using different methods and from different materials. This technological solution makes it possible to reduce weight, increase the interchangeability of parts and the maintainability of products.