Every car exhaust system has a muffler, and for many car enthusiasts its purpose is obvious. Driving around the city with a loud and toxic exhaust will be uncomfortable, and fines for exceeding the permissible noise level and harmful emissions from the operation of the car today are quite large. When operating VAZ cars, the muffler is often not given due attention, although it is useful to know how to correctly diagnose the degree of its wear. Timely replacement of the damper is mandatory, since its malfunction can pose a threat to human health and the operation of the car engine.
HOW IS EXHAUST GASES OUT?
To remove exhaust gases, a VAZ 2114 exhaust system was developed and installed, the diagram of which is shown in the figure.
Exhaust system diagram
It consists:
- Bracket for fastening the exhaust pipe;
- Sealing gasket;
- Clamp;
- Additional muffler;
- Rubber shock absorber;
- Central muffler;
- Rubber shock absorber;
- Clamp connecting pipes;
- Neutralizer;
- O-ring for the hinge;
- Oxygen sensor;
- Reception pipe.
Exhaust gases are removed as follows. From the exhaust manifold, exhaust gases enter a channel called the exhaust pipe, which directs them further into the converter. From its name it becomes clear that it is designed to burn the remaining flammable substances in the exhaust gases.
It primarily dampens exhaust noise and reduces turbulence. The next “obstacle to gases” is the muffler resonator, in which “acoustic mirrors” reduce the noise of escaping gases even more. And the last stage will be the central muffler. The exhaust system is manufactured and installed in such a way that gases are emitted outside the vehicle, which prevents them from entering the cabin.
Process Features
Sometimes it happens that the fastening bolts rust or stick to the pipe so tightly that it cannot be removed with a regular wrench. Then the grinder will come to your aid. Carefully cut off the head of the bolt and remove the pipe from the clamps. Next, cut the mounting bolt down to the base. This is done so that a new one can be screwed into place.
In principle, there can be no more difficulties. This process itself is quite simple and does not require any experience, so if you have two hands, two 13mm wrenches, and a new muffler, you can safely proceed with the replacement.
HOW THE CENTRAL SILENCER IS SET UP
They are made of aluminized steel, stainless steel, ferrous metal and painted with powder coating. The installation of direct-flow sports mufflers is gaining popularity. The muffler structure can be seen in the figure.
Muffler
The VAZ 2114 muffler consists of:
- Metal body;
- Thermal insulating layer;
- Partition;
- Pipe with perforations;
- Calibrated hole (throttle);
- Front pipe with perforations;
- Inlet pipe;
- Partition in the middle part;
- Exhaust pipe;
- Partition in front of the muffler;
- Rear perforated pipe;
- Partition at the back;
- Metal body.
It should be noted that the exhaust system of the VAZ 2115 with a carburetor engine differs from the design described above. It does not provide for the installation of a neutralizer for exhaust gases.
What to choose?
Stinger Exhaust Systems
There are several options for muffling devices that can be used as a replacement for the old element on the VAZ 2114.
- From the factory, VAZ vehicles are equipped with an aluminum muffler, the service life of which is up to 6 years. Inexpensive, fairly reliable solution.
- More expensive variations made of heat-resistant stainless steel. They cost more than factory ones, but are distinguished by reliability and an extended service life of up to 10-15 years.
Unfortunately, it is not uncommon that replacing a given device does not give the expected result, because instead of the expected high-quality stainless steel element, buyers are faced with counterfeits. They are made from ordinary low grade black iron. The service life of such products is no more than a year.
To give the appearance of expensive products, low-quality mufflers are coated with special paints. Therefore, we recommend purchasing parts from trusted, certified auto parts stores.
ABOUT FACTORS AFFECTING THE SERVICE LIFE OF EXHAUST SYSTEM ELEMENTS
Elements of the exhaust system operate under the influence of mechanical, thermal and other types of loads.
The following factors have a strong influence on service life:
- Rapid heating to high temperatures, which can cause overheating of system elements;
- Frequent fluctuations in rapid heating and sudden cooling;
- The occurrence of vibration during operation of the power unit;
- Susceptibility to shock and mechanical damage;
- Pollution when driving in bad weather conditions;
- Getting scratches and chips from road surface particles;
- The occurrence of corrosion spots both inside and outside the exhaust system elements;
- Insufficient effectiveness of metal protection.
It is safe to say that for most of these factors, the timing of their manifestation is easily postponed to a later time. It’s worth changing your driving style, periodically cleaning the exhaust system from dirt, applying a protective coating yourself, and the problems will go away on their own.
Algorithm
We must drive the car onto a viewing hole or a stationary overpass; We turn off the engine, squeeze the handbrake, wedge the wheels with boots or put it in first gear, you can choose any option; Let the exhaust system cool down a little, as it heats up under the influence of exhaust gases. You can easily burn your fingers. We always carry out all work wearing gloves. After making sure that the pipes have cooled down, using capes we unscrew the connecting clamps between the muffler and the resonator, otherwise known as the secondary muffler. From the rubber clamp-holder, remove the hook with which it secures the muffler to the bottom of the car; There will be an O-ring between the connections, be careful not to damage or lose it. Carry out visual diagnostics and replace with a new one if necessary. As a rule, the negative impact affects a short service life; Having removed the muffler, we put it aside so that it does not interfere with the process. We pre-lubricate the new ring with heat-resistant sealant, in this way we extend the service life; Install the system components in reverse order. After installation, be sure to start the engine and test the system
Pay attention to ensure that there are no gas leaks, otherwise your work will be down the drain. If everything is fine, you can continue on your way. If not, eliminate the shortcomings.
Schematically the exhaust system looks like this:
A flow of gases emerges from the combustion chamber through the exhaust manifold, exhaust pipe, neutralizer, resonator, and the muffler itself.
Burnout of the gasket can also be a weak point or “sore”
between the cylinder head and the exhaust manifold. Despite the tight pressure around the perimeter with the help of four stud bolts. The asbestos gasket still burns out, and the engine emits an unpleasant and loud sound.
Modern cars, including the VAZ 2115, use a neutralizer to significantly reduce emissions into the atmosphere, these are oxides of nitrogen, carbon, and hydrocarbons. Structurally, it consists of two parts with catalysts made of platinum and palladium. Passing through these plates, gases react, resulting in a low-toxic oxide, the harmfulness of which to the environment is minimal. According to experts, purification is about 85-95%.
Monitoring the performance of the neutralizer
carries out an oxygen sensor that scans the content of lead oxide in the gas environment. Cars equipped with such a device are strictly prohibited from using leaded fuel.
Faulty ignition or incorrect adjustment can cause premature failure of the converter. Unburnt gasoline coats the ceramic plates, which makes it difficult for gases to flow out and clogs the system. The first sign may be a sudden loss of engine power. Accordingly, repair or maintenance work is just around the corner.
This concludes the discussion of the topic, the exhaust system on the VAZ 2115 is over. Let's hope that our tips and recommendations will help many drivers gain experience and help them quickly find the source of the breakdown.
ABOUT SIGNS OF PROBLEM
As soon as there is even the slightest suspicion of problems with the exhaust tract, it is necessary to take measures to identify and eliminate these suspicions. Driving with a faulty muffler can cause problems from neighbors and traffic police.
You should be alert to the following manifestations in the operation of the exhaust system:
- The appearance of increased noise from a running motor;
- The presence of exhaust odors near the car, and in some cases in the cabin;
- The appearance of smoke from burnt-out exhaust elements under the bottom of the car;
There is no need to put off solving this problem. Take a few minutes to locate and determine the breakdown. After this, a decision is made to eliminate it. There can be only two options here: repairing the muffler or replacing the VAZ 2114 muffler.
Reasons for part failure
The muffler is affected by several different factors that can lead to failure, these are:
- Atmospheric precipitation, dirt. Precipitation means the occurrence of rain and snow. A mass that periodically falls on a hot pipe causes temperature changes, destroying the strength of the metal. Unfortunately, it will not be possible to protect the muffler in any way; moisture will in any case affect the metal. A smart solution would be to avoid driving through deep puddles and drive slowly on contaminated sections of the road. If the muffler and pipe are dirty, it is necessary to clean it with water (you can use a pressure jet from a hose). After cleaning, it is recommended to start the engine so that any water that has entered the muffler evaporates.
- Condensate. When the unit is idle for a long time, condensation forms in the muffler, causing a corrosive process. This leads to inevitable destruction of the internal parts of the muffler. This happens extremely rarely, but before the trip it is recommended to increase the operating speed by pressing the accelerator several times. The flow of exhaust gases removes moisture from the silencer.
- Chemical influence. As a result of the release of exhaust gas, a lot of toxic chemical particles settle on the walls of the muffler, destroying the metal, and allowing road reagents to get into the muffler.
- Physical influence. Hitting stones and blows from the muffler when driving on roads also lead to a lot of damage.
The chemical and physical effect on the muffler metal is a natural process
It will not be possible to disassemble and clean the muffler, since the container cannot be opened, and only the attention and professionalism of the driver on the road will help protect it from impacts and stones. Diagnosing and eliminating minor damage at the initial stage will help to avoid serious problems in the future.
The influence of various negative factors can lead to damage to the corrugation or other parts of the muffler
Extraneous sounds in the jammer
The causes of various noises and knocks in the muffler can be:
- Fastening the muffler to wire or ties. You should not wrap the muffler on a wire, otherwise rattling and knocking will occur. Use only rubber cushions.
- Foreign objects entering through the exhaust pipe. When driving over rough terrain, deep puddles, or driving in reverse, you should not forget that the exhaust pipe is literally 20 cm from the road surface, which means that various masses and stones can be thrown into the muffler. They often knock and rattle.
- Peeling of burnt metal inside the muffler. As a result of chemical exposure, a layer of soot forms on the walls of the silencer. For this reason, over the years, rattling noises can be heard inside the muffler due to peeling metal.
- Condensation also affects the exhaust sound. Condensation forms as a result of prolonged idling while the engine warms up. Ringing and gurgling are signs of accumulated moisture in the muffler. By increasing the speed several times, the condensate comes out and the signs of the malfunction disappear.
These points are possible factors influencing the exhaust sound of a muffler and are considered the most common.
Repairing and replacing the muffler on a VAZ 2114/2115 is available to every car enthusiast; the only question is confidence and time. It is easy to replace an old part with a new one if you have the tools at hand, but it is recommended to entrust the troubleshooting of the muffler to professionals. Any auto repair shop does this type of work. For little money and a short period of time, your muffler will be repaired. Remember, prevention is a reliable method of treatment!
Sources
- vazweb.ru/desyatka/vyhlop/zamena-glushitelya-vaz-2114.html
- drive2.ru/l/540259882788456856/
- vaz-2114-lada.ru/2012/05/vyxlopnaya-sistema/
- ladaautos.ru/vaz-2115/sxema-vyxlopnoj-sistemy-vaz-2115-inzhektor.html
REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT
Diagnostics has detected one or more small cracks in the resonator housing or main muffler. In this case, replacing them with new parts is not economically profitable. You can make repairs yourself. To do this, purchase a muffler repair kit: it includes rubber shock absorbers (the pipe is suspended on them) and clamps (for connecting the pipe joints). They can be purchased in several types.
VAZ 2114 mufflers can be repaired in the following ways:
- Buy any heat-resistant sealant and coat the burnout cracks with it, namely cracks, not large holes. The next step is to clean the body of dirt, paint and rust. After this, the cleaned area is degreased and a sealing layer is laid on the area to be repaired;
- Buy a repair kit with heat-resistant tape and binding wire. The part to be repaired is again prepared by analogy with the first method. After this, carefully wrap the body with tape and tie it with wire. The burnt area heals itself as the engine operates;
- Repair using cold welding. First of all, prepare cold welding for use. Next, you need to thoroughly clean and degrease the damaged area. After this, the damage can be repaired by welding (cold).
Of the methods described, the method using a repair kit received the most positive feedback.
For car owners who have access to electric welding, we can recommend this method of muffler repair. A patch of the required size is cut out of a sheet of metal 1.5-2 mm thick. Apply to the repair site and scald. Then the repair site needs to be treated with a protective compound. Good results are obtained by using semi-automatic welding in shielding gases.
Replacement
HOW TO REPLACE
Diagnostics showed that the repair will not give the expected effect, which means you need to change the VAZ 2114 muffler. This is quite easy to do if you have a new part. The replacement operation is carried out with your own hands in the garage or even just in the yard.
By any available means, access to the exhaust system elements is ensured. All bolted joints are processed using a wedge. If you don’t have one at hand, kerosene, brake fluids or oils will do. Prepare spare rubber cushions for suspension and tools in advance. You will need:
- Two open-end wrenches, socket wrenches or 13-socket heads:
- Metal brush;
- Small hammer.
Sometimes it is impossible to unscrew the bolts and they are cut off in an accessible way. Keep this in mind when preparing for work.
You can change the VAZ 2114 muffler like this:
- Unscrew the bolt on the connecting clamp and remove it along with the sealing gasket;
- Release it from the suspension, disconnect it from the resonator and remove it;
- When installing a new part, the gasket must be coated with sealant for exhaust systems and installed in the reverse order.
GENERAL INFORMATION
Most of the units we are considering are located in the engine compartment. We present to your attention a diagram of the arrangement of sensors on the VAZ 2114 engine:
The location of the sensors must be known to the responsible motorist
- Camshaft position (phase sensor);
- Coolant temperature;
- Detonation;
- Oil pressure;
- Oxygen sensor (lambda probe);
- Kneeshaft position;
- Speed;
- Idle move;
- Mass air flow;
- Fuel level;
- Gasoline level;
- Antifreeze level;
- Throttle Positions
Now let's look at the sensors and their location in more detail.
CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR
DCP is a device that supplies the computer with information about the position of the crankshaft. The correct functioning of the fuel mixture supply and ignition systems, as well as the injectors of the injection engine, depends on the operation of this unit.
This device is often called a synchronization sensor, since the ECU, based on information received from the DCPV, determines the moment of fuel injection into the engine cylinders. If the DCPV breaks down, incorrect information will be supplied to the brains of the fourteenth and the engine will lose its performance, since there will be malfunctions in the fuel supply system and the injectors will not be able to function normally.
On the fourteenth, inductive type DCPVs are installed, the approximate cost of a new device is 150 - 200 rubles. The DCPV is located near the alternator belt, near the camshaft.
CAMSHAFT POSITION SENSOR
DPR is often called a phase sensor. This device is available on all fourteen cars with 16-valve engines, and on VAZ-2114 with 8-valve engines with phased injection of the fuel mixture.
The DPR transmits data about the current operating cycle of the power unit to the ECU:
- Which valve is open?
- What valve timing is being implemented at the moment.
Based on the information received, the ECU determines the timing of fuel injection so that gasoline is supplied just before the intake valve opens.
The device is located on the engine, near the cylinder head, not far from the air filter.
Phase sensor for VAZ 2114
THROTTLE POSITION SENSOR
TPS is one of the key devices, the correct functioning of which depends on the operation of the fuel system. As the name implies, TPS transmits information to the brains of the fourteenth about at what angle the throttle valve is placed at a particular moment in time
One of the main characteristics of the TPS is the signal frequency, based on the change in which the engine control unit determines the degree of pressure on the gas pedal, which allows the brain to select the optimal engine cooling mode and the amount of fuel supplied.
TPS is part of the throttle assembly. It is located on the throttle body, next to the idle speed sensor.
KNOCK SENSOR
A properly functioning DD is the key to the normal functioning of the fourteenth engine. If it breaks down, the engine will run rough and gas mileage will increase.
The DD reacts to engine vibrations, information about which is transmitted to the ECU, which allows the ECU to select the correct ignition timing (the moment of ignition of gasoline in the cylinder).
The device is mounted on the engine cylinder block next to the fan, between the 2nd and 3rd cylinders.
COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR
DTOZH (also referred to as the VAZ 2114 engine temperature sensor) is located at the place where the inlet pipe is located on the body of the cylinder cooling system, to which the antifreeze supply pipe is connected.
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