How to convert a carburetor engine to an injector VAZ 2109

Some car enthusiasts (usually owners of domestic VAZ models) often wonder whether an injection engine is suitable for a carburetor car. Let us answer right away that in practice there are a large number of such installations. In some cases, a finished unit can be delivered without significant modifications to the vehicle itself.

The main difficulties are usually associated with the implementation of fuel supply from the gas tank, since on the injector the electric fuel pump is located directly in the fuel tank and pumps gasoline into the fuel rail under a certain pressure. Also, certain difficulties arise in the process of placing and connecting the ECU and other elements, while laying wiring, etc.

Also, many convert an existing engine with a carburetor to an injector. In this case, there is more work, since it is necessary not only to install the necessary elements, but also to perform certain modifications and manipulations with the internal combustion engine itself. We also note that some car owners are also interested in whether an injection engine can be made carburetor.

The need to replace a more modern injector with a carburetor is relatively rare, but it also happens for one reason or another. Next, we will talk about what is needed in order to install an injection engine instead of a carburetor internal combustion engine, as well as how to make a carburetor engine from an injection engine.

Pros and cons of the injector

The injector provides fuel injection either into the air stream or into the combustion chamber. Numerous sensors monitor air flow, engine speed, knock and crankshaft position. The control unit processes data from sensors and controls the injectors, ensuring the right amount of fuel is supplied at the right time. The injector provides better mixing of air and fuel compared to a carburetor. Therefore, the power increases slightly.

Important

Injection engines are more complex, but the composition of the air-fuel mixture better suits any operating mode.

Frequent injector malfunctions

Since the injector is a complex multi-component system, over time individual elements may fail. The main task of the injector is the highest possible efficiency of fuel combustion, which is achieved by maintaining a strictly defined composition of the working mixture of fuel and air.

As a result, any malfunction in the operation of electronic sensors leads to an imbalance in the operation of the entire injection system; the speed may fluctuate at idle or while driving, the engine may stall or not start, there is a change in the color of the exhaust, etc. In some cases, the ECU may put the engine into emergency mode. In such a situation, the power unit does not gain momentum, “check” lights up on the dashboard, etc. Another cause of injector malfunctions is contamination of the filter elements in the fuel supply system or the injection nozzles themselves as a result of using low-quality gasoline. To maintain performance, the fuel filter must be changed promptly. The fuel pump mesh filter deserves no less attention, especially on cars with mileage of more than 50-70 thousand km. It is recommended to change or clean the specified fuel pump mesh

It is also advisable to wash the fuel tank once every few years in parallel with replacing or cleaning the specified coarse filter mesh of the fuel pump.

Please note that it is important to identify and repair injector malfunctions in a timely manner, since malfunctions in its operation can significantly worsen the overall condition of the internal combustion engine and lead to other breakdowns. As for clogged fuel injectors, in this case the engine starts harder, loses power and begins to consume more fuel

Violation of the fuel spray pattern (especially in engines with direct injection) leads to local overheating, engine detonation, valve burnout, etc.

Also, the injectors may “spill” fuel, that is, they may not close after the impulse from the ECU stops. In this case, excess fuel enters the combustion chamber, then can penetrate into the exhaust system and into the engine lubrication system through leaks in the places where the piston rings are installed. In such situations, the entire engine suffers greatly, since gasoline dilutes the oil and lubrication of loaded parts deteriorates. The presence of fuel in the exhaust system disables the catalytic converter (catalyst), which cleans the exhaust gases of harmful compounds.

To prevent injector malfunctions, the injectors must be cleaned periodically. The fact is that the presence of fractions and impurities in gasoline gradually contaminates the injectors, which reduces their performance and also impairs the quality of fuel atomization. There are two ways to clean the injectors: by removing them or directly on the car. The procedure for cleaning injection nozzles on a car involves passing a special flushing liquid through the injectors to clean the injector. The method consists in disconnecting the fuel line from the fuel rail, after which, instead of a fuel pump, a special compressor begins pumping flushing fluid into the system instead of a fuel pump.

Another option for cleaning the injector is cleaning by removing the nozzles in an ultrasonic bath or on a special washing stand. As for ultrasound, nozzles are placed in a special apparatus or bath, where wave vibrations “break” deposits. Washing injectors with removal on a stand is a procedure in which the operation of injectors in an engine is simulated, and instead of gasoline, flushing liquid is passed through them. Note that each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages, which can be read about in our separate article on washing injectors.

What is the difference between an injector and a carburetor?

The fuel system in a car is designed to ensure an uninterrupted supply of the fuel mixture under any operating conditions of the car, and its engine must work equally well at idle speed, and at increased loads, also during sharp acceleration. What is the difference between an injector and a carburetor? On a carburetor car, the supply of fuel (gasoline) and its mixing with air is carried out using mechanics, while an injection vehicle is controlled electronically.

The carburetor system (CS) includes the following elements:

• gas tank;
• mechanical fuel pump;
• fuel lines (pipes and hoses);
• carburetor;
• air filter with housing;
• fuel filters.

Due to the operation of the gas pump, fuel from the tank through the main line, passing through the filters, enters the carburetor unit (CU), where it is mixed with air in the required proportion, and then enters the cylinders and burns under pressure. Often, to prevent excess pressure, systems of this type are equipped with a check valve with an additional line for draining gasoline into the gas tank, also called “return”.

An injector or distributed injection system (MIS), unlike a CS, does not have a mechanical unit for mixing fuel with air, but more precise control and dosing is provided by an electronic control unit (ECU or controller). Depending on the modification, the SRV circuit may differ slightly, but the principle is the same for all such systems; it usually includes:

• gasoline tank;
• fuel filters;
• electric fuel pump (submersible or remote);
• a line consisting of tubes and hoses;
• injectors (one for each cylinder);
• throttle assembly;
• fuel rail;
• check valve;
• ECU;
• wiring;
• air filter with housing;
• idle air control (or IAC);
• various sensors - air flow (flow meter, mass air flow sensor), temperature (DTOZh), ambient air (DTOV), detonation (DD), throttle valve position (DPDZ), camshaft (DPRV) and crankshaft (DPKV) shafts.

Also, the SRV is often supplemented with an absorber, an idle speed solenoid valve (EMV), and lambda probes (oxygen sensors). Over time, the injector circuit only becomes more complex, it is “overgrown” with an increasing number of sensors and control systems. Having figured out what the difference is between these two fuel systems, now let’s look at how you can install a different type of vehicle on a car.

Adjusting the fuel level in the float chamber

We perform this when replacing a needle valve, float or other malfunctions. Remove the carburetor cover (see article - “Disassembling the carburetor”).

Holding the carburetor cover horizontally with the floats up, we check the gap between the floats and the cover gasket, which should be 1±0.25 mm and be the same for both floats.

The gap is adjusted by bending the tongue and/or float arms. The bearing surface of the tongue must be perpendicular to the axis of the needle valve and must not have dents or nicks

When installing the cover in place, check whether the floats are touching the walls of the float chamber; if necessary, bend the float arms.

Carburetor. Advantages and disadvantages

Let's start with the negative points. These include:

• Such engines have not been installed on production cars for a long time. In Europe, due to environmental requirements, carburetors are blacklisted. That is, they are prohibited because they heavily pollute the atmosphere;
• At high speeds, the engine's capabilities drop significantly. Torque does not reach the desired levels. But at low speeds it is effective and allows you to accelerate well from zero to hundreds;
• When overtaking, the carburetor is a pain. It is problematic to overtake cars normally and confidently. Especially considering the power of the carburetor nines;
• High fuel consumption when compared with injection engines. On average, a nine with a carburetor in normal mode consumes about 8.5-9 liters of fuel per 100 kilometers;
• The air damper is controlled manually. The exception is some versions of the latest samples, where automatic devices have been installed. Some motorists claim that manually controlling the throttle in winter has its advantages, as it allows you to feel the engine. But only experienced drivers can understand this.

Nine carburetor
But let's not just talk about the bad. The VAZ 2109 with a carburetor also has positive qualities:

• The cost of a carburetor is much cheaper than an injection engine;
• Engine maintenance costs less, and the work itself is easier to perform if you repair it yourself;
• Fans of carburetors claim that the absence of control units and microcontrollers is an undeniable advantage. Although one can argue with him;
• If the engine fails even 100 kilometers from the nearest settlement or service station, it is not a problem for experienced drivers, since repairs can be carried out even in the field. But this will require the availability of appropriate tools and passenger assistance.

Swapping a couple of armored pipes and doing a purge is a simple option for quickly repairing a carburetor yourself. The injection engine does not understand such tricks.

Article on the topic: Adjusting the steering rack on a VAZ 2109

Injector. Advantages and disadvantages

In short, all the advantages of the injector are the disadvantages of the carburetor, and all the disadvantages are the advantages of the carburetor.

Injection nine

The key features of injection engines include:

• Injectors are more environmentally friendly and meet the requirements for emissions of harmful substances;
• Although the torque is insufficient at low speeds, it makes overtaking easier at high speeds. The engine seems to get a second wind;
• Injector maintenance costs are higher;
• For normal operation of such an engine, clean fuel is needed. The carburetor “feeds” on everything;
• To check faults, it is necessary to perform diagnostics, which is time-consuming and expensive;
• The injector consumes less fuel. The average is 6-7 liters per 100 kilometers;
• Almost all systems function through computer control, therefore, when working correctly, the engine operates as efficiently and economically as possible;
• It is possible to install HBO on the injector. But with a carburetor, such a step is fraught with a number of difficulties.

Adjusting the carburetor drive

We perform this when replacing a carburetor, as well as when drive parts are worn out or replaced.

When the gas pedal is fully pressed, the throttle valves should be fully open, and when released, they should be closed.

If this is not the case, by unscrewing or tightening the adjusting nuts on the front end of the drive cable (carburetor side), we achieve the correct position of the throttle valves

When the gas pedal is fully released, the drive cable should not be tensioned

Why change the carburetor?

Let's start with the fact that no one has been installing carburetor engines throughout the civilized world for a long time. Entry into the countries of the European Union in such vehicles is prohibited for reasons of environmental safety. There are a number of other significant arguments:

• a significant drop in engine power at high speeds;
• problems arise when overtaking. Passing cars on the highway in a car with a carburetor engine is, in general, a complete nightmare (especially taking into account the modest capabilities of the VAZ-2109);
• significant fuel consumption compared to an injector;
• “minor” inconveniences, for example, manual control of the air damper, etc.

Of course, you can treat everything philosophically and find positive aspects even where there are none. For example, with the same manual damper control. Some drivers claim that in winter conditions this “function” is a plus, it allows you to “feel” the engine. But only an incorrigible optimist can agree with such a statement.

Adjusting the starter

The semi-automatic starting device reduces the toxicity of exhaust gases during engine start-up and warm-up modes, and also simplifies driving - there is no drive to control the air damper from inside the car ("choke" button).

The basis of the device is a flat spiral bimetallic spring. At low temperatures, a spring—through a system of rods and levers—holds the air damper in the closed position. After starting the engine, the vacuum in the throttle space is transferred to the cavity behind the diaphragm of the starting device. The diaphragm retracts and its rod opens the air damper slightly to the starting gap set by the adjusting screw. As the engine warms up, the bimetallic spring is heated by the coolant passing through the liquid chamber and straightens, fully opening the air damper. The bimetallic spring is installed at the manufacturer, and its additional adjustment is not required during operation.

Semi-automatic starter circuit

The car is a VAZ 2110, produced in 1997. This car had a 1.1 engine - apparently some craftsmen did their best))) Therefore, we had to buy another engine. The engine came from a company car, but from a newer car.

Along with the engine the following was purchased:

Gas tank with pump

Wiring for fuel pump

Injectors and manifold

Naturally, the engine needed to be overhauled - you know what kind of engines can be on company cars and what kind of wear there is... after disassembling the engine, I was very pleased that it was the first time it was repaired! I took the crankshaft for measurements - they said it was excellent and you can install liners of the same size (0.25), I decided to install new pistons, naturally rings, changed all the seals, made a head and after everything was finished, I began to buy the missing spare parts for the transition to the injector...

Throttle valve with sensors

New thermostat assembly (with it the car will become much warmer)

Now we could start installation! The first thing we did was pull out the old engine. Then they removed the underhood wiring and installed a new one. This turned out to be very easy, since the plugs on the VAZ 2110 are identical for these types of wiring - so there is no need to redo anything. Next, we install the new engine with all the sensors and connect the wiring - it’s impossible to make a mistake in the connection! The next stage is the dismantling and installation of the fuel line and gas tank. You will need to run one wire from the tank to the computer - to power the fuel pump.

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What to prepare to change

The whole process will take you about a week, provided you work 3-4 hours a day. Therefore, prepare your garage in advance and buy everything you need. You can assemble the injector on different ECU controllers, but in the case of the VAZ-2109, the January 5.1.1-71 model is better than others. Available domestic spare parts can be used for it, and it does not use an adsorber and an oxygen sensor.

Advice: It is better to buy all components in a good store with experienced staff, as you may need help in choosing the right spare parts. If you have experience in repairs and want to save money, then shop at a disassembly store.

List of components required for replacement

Also pick up bolts, nuts and clamps from the store that you will need for the job.

Tools

The repair will consist not only of dismantling some components and mechanisms. In some cases, it will be necessary to make changes to the design of cylinders and other parts.

From the tool you will need:

1. Set of wrenches.
2. Flathead and Phillips screwdrivers.
3. Good drill.
4. Hammer and chisel.
5. Rust remover.

Design and principle of operation (using the example of an electronic distributed injection system)

Injection system design
In modern injection engines, each cylinder has an individual injector. All injectors are connected to the fuel rail, where the fuel is under pressure, which is created by an electric fuel pump. The amount of fuel injected depends on the duration of the injector opening. The opening moment is regulated by an electronic control unit (controller) based on the data it processes from various sensors.

The mass air flow sensor is used to calculate the cyclic filling of the cylinders. The air mass flow is measured, which is then recalculated by the program into cylinder cyclic filling. If a sensor fails, its readings are ignored and calculations are made using emergency tables.

The throttle position sensor is used to calculate the load factor on the engine and its change depending on the throttle valve opening angle, engine speed and cyclic filling.

The coolant temperature sensor is used to determine the temperature correction of fuel supply and ignition and to control the electric fan. If the sensor fails, its readings are ignored, the temperature is taken from the table depending on the engine operating time.

The crankshaft position sensor serves for overall system synchronization, calculating engine speed and crankshaft position at certain points in time. DPKV – polar sensor. If turned on incorrectly, the engine will not start. If the sensor fails, the system cannot operate. This is the only “vital” sensor in the system that makes it impossible for the vehicle to move. Failures of all other sensors allow you to get to the service center on your own.

The oxygen sensor is designed to determine the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases. The information that the sensor provides is used by the electronic control unit to adjust the amount of fuel supplied. The oxygen sensor is used only in systems with a catalytic converter under Euro-2 and Euro-3 toxicity standards (in Euro-3 two oxygen sensors are used - before the catalyst and after it).

The knock sensor is used to monitor knock. When the latter is detected, the ECU turns on the detonation damping algorithm, quickly adjusting the ignition timing.

Listed here are only some of the basic sensors required for the system to operate. Sensor configurations on different vehicles depend on the injection system, toxicity standards, etc.

Based on the results of polling the sensors defined in the program, the ECU program controls actuators, which include: injectors, fuel pump, ignition module, idle speed regulator, canister valve for the gasoline vapor recovery system, cooling system fan, etc. (all again depends on the specific models)

Of all the above, perhaps not everyone knows what an adsorber is. The adsorber is an element of a closed circuit for recirculating gasoline vapors. Euro-2 standards prohibit contact of the gas tank ventilation with the atmosphere; gasoline vapors must be collected (adsorbed) and, when purged, sent to the cylinders for afterburning. When the engine is not running, gasoline vapors enter the adsorber from the tank and intake manifold, where they are absorbed. When the engine starts, the adsorber, at the command of the ECU, is purged with a flow of air sucked in by the engine, the vapors are carried away by this flow and are burned in the combustion chamber.

How to install an updated system

To install the plug to the block system head, based on the injection mechanism, install the positive wire. Install the manifold and injectors located on the in-line rack, the receiver and the throttle component. The throttle cable is taken as an elongated sample.

The fuel structure in the new model is placed at the bottom of the body, after which pipes and purifiers are installed. Next, install a new tank and connect the product to the system. To check the operation of the nozzles and their condition in relation to leakage and damage to the integrity of the material, blow out the internal plane with a pump. Then install the ramp, sensors and all the equipment based on electrical and high-voltage activity, the starting module, to the collector.

When the installation of the air filter is completed and all operations go perfectly, the car is started. The modernization can be considered successful if the VAZ-2109 starts immediately, on the first try.

Tips and tricks

Operating a car on fuel in the CIS requires the owner to replace the fuel filter every 10-15 thousand km. mileage and periodic cleaning of injection nozzles. It is advisable to carry out this procedure every 30-35 thousand km. mileage Additionally, it is recommended to purchase fuel only at large gas stations with a good reputation.

For preventative purposes, you can use special fuel system cleaners that are poured into the fuel to keep the injector clean. Please note that it is advisable to use these fuel additives only on new cars or after deep cleaning of the fuel system. If the injectors are already dirty, then you need to wash the injector separately.

You should not wait for the moment when symptoms of injector contamination appear in the form of problems with engine operation. It is better to wash the injectors in advance. For example, before every second scheduled maintenance

Please note that if you use the flushing liquid cleaning method, it is optimal to carry out this procedure before changing the engine oil

Finally, we add that a decrease in injector performance can be caused by problems with the fuel pump. In this case, it is necessary to measure the pressure in the fuel rail. If the readings are lower than recommended, then you will need to remove the pump for diagnostics. It should also be taken into account that installing more efficient injectors during tuning and boosting the engine may require mandatory replacement of the fuel pump.

How to remake: step-by-step instructions

Before starting work, wash the car thoroughly and remove dust and dirt from around the engine.

1. In the rear of the car we remove the old carburetor fuel system.
2. Pull out the gas tank and fuel pipes.
3. We screw on the new bracket and use it to secure the new injection lines.

   We install the bracket in its original place and secure the lines

4. We install the fuel filter along with hoses.

   We fix the fuel filter with hoses

5. We attach the fuel pump to the injection gas tank.
6. We go into the engine compartment and remove the ignition.
7. We disconnect the wires that go from the sensors to the ignition braid.
8. We pull out the old ignition tee and install an injection tee in its place. Before doing this, completely drain the antifreeze from the system.

   We install the injection ignition tee in place of the carburetor

9. In place of the distributor, we make a plug with a seal and treat it with sealant.
10. Remove the carburetor along with the intake manifold.

    We dismantle the old carburetor along with the manifold

11. We replace the gasket and install a new injection manifold.

    We install the injection manifold in place of the carburetor

12. We install the injectors on the ramp and secure it to the manifold.
13. We connect the hoses and install the receiver.

    We install the injection receiver and connect the hoses to it

14. If your model has an oil pump without a casting, then it also needs to be replaced.
15. The generator on the nine must be replaced, but the pulley itself is suitable for the new system and can be left.
16. Instead of a carburetor ignition cable, we install an ECU wiring cable.
17. We connect the wiring to the controller and the motor.
18. In our case, the fuel sensor will remain the same; you just need to connect it to the new pump.
19. Turn on the ignition and check the operation of the fuel pump. The entire fuel system must be sealed and leak-free.
20. We replace the carburetor module with an injection one.

    We remove the carburetor ignition module and install the injection module in its place

21. We install a new ignition system (spark plugs and module).
22. We install the air filter.
23. Drill a hole for the knock sensor (depth 16 mm).
24. We start the engine and check its operation.

This is interesting: The engine does not develop power: what to do?

Features of servicing a new carburetor car

If you have converted your car from an injector to a carburetor, you will have to pay attention to the features of servicing the equipment. For example, fuel filters should be changed as often as possible. Once every 2-3 thousand kilometers is the best option for a carburetor. The fuel pump pumps more fuel if your return line is located directly on the carburetor, so the filters become clogged faster. It is also worth remembering these important aspects:

• the carburetor needs regular cleaning and replacement of membranes, gaskets and other replacement parts;
• the carburetor system clogs faster because the flow of gasoline is little controlled;
• carburetor settings must be professional, otherwise the car will not work normally;
• the car will receive slightly new habits, you should not try to correct them with the help of settings;
• the car will never drive the way it did with an injector; the carburetor has its own specific operation.

Despite all the disadvantages, there are certain advantages to installing a carburetor. Especially if you are installing this fuel injection system out of desperation after several expensive injector repairs in a row. In this case, it really makes sense to perform all the assigned tasks efficiently and implement a carburetor system in your car. Here's how they converted an old Audi from an injector to a carburetor:

Perhaps you shouldn’t install a carburetor on a fuel-injected car

If your car has a fuel injection system, then you own a more modern vehicle, and installing a carburetor will take you one step back in the evolution of cars. Of course, the carburetor system also has its advantages, but they are rather fragile. Moreover, the quality of current gasoline is designed specifically for fuel injection. Let's look at certain disadvantages of replacing an injector with a carburetor:

• if you decide to carry out such a process, your car may begin to consume more gasoline;
• the carburetor risks reducing the car’s power by 5-7 percent of its original potential;
• the unit can be configured exclusively for direct injection, some of the fuel can fly out into the pipe;
• you will have to abandon the use of normal fuel filters, placing cheap barrels under the hood;
• You will also have to spend a lot - buying a carburetor, as well as other spare parts for the implementation of the process, will cost a lot of money.

In terms of maintenance, carburetors are no cheaper or easier than injectors. Today, cleaning the injector system nozzles is inexpensive, since every service station has special equipment to perform these tasks. You may think of an injector as an inefficient, delicate, and over-designed component in your car, but the global auto industry doesn't think so. This unit saves fuel and allows you to slightly increase the engine potential

https://youtu.be/NHKa5eUKQFIhttps://youtu.be/twBLq4rauWw
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Features of alterations with a fuel pump - a difficult stage of work

One of the most difficult and specific stages of working with automotive systems when converting from an injector to a carburetor is working with the fuel system. In particular, the fuel pump for the injector in some cars increases the pressure in the fuel supply system to 5 bar, and the carburetor requires a pressure ten times lower than this value. This is why problems arise with unskilled work - carburetor overflow occurs. The solutions to this problem are the following:

• installation at the outlet of the gas tank of a certain system or device that changes the pressure of the medium flow in the fuel paths to the value we need;
• implementing a reverse flow of gasoline immediately in the tank, which will reduce the gasoline pressure in the system, but by an unknown amount;
• performing a better return flow of gasoline in the carburetor, but in this case the possibility of fuel overflow cannot be ruled out;
• replacing the fuel pump with one more suitable for the carburetor system, but then you will have to put a plug in the fuel tank in place of the old fuel pump.

If you go to a car market or a big box store, you will be offered kits of parts and tools to do each type of job. A completely democratic solution is to install reverse fuel flow in the tank. Of course, it is not guaranteed that only the right amount of fuel will enter the carburetor, but it is much cheaper than any other solutions in this regard.

Carburetor instead of injector, and vice versa: pros and cons of exchange

Let's start with the good:

• Ecology. The installation of the injector complies with at least the Euro-2 standard, that is, your car will pollute the atmosphere less;
• The owner of an engine with an injector forgets about the painful (and, sadly, regular) procedures for adjusting the idle speed screws, flushing, and other “delights” of the carburetor;
• Fuel consumption is reduced;
• You are no longer dependent on the ambient temperature;
• The re-equipment improves the throttle response of the power plant, especially at the bottom;
• The risk of vibration and detonation is reduced, which has a positive effect on the service life of the motor.

• The first and most important problem is finances. Installing an injector (even with your own hands) is a costly undertaking. A lot of additional components and parts are required;
• The upgrade will take several days (again, if you work alone). All this time you are left without a car;
• You may have to switch to higher octane fuel (at a higher cost). Although this problem is offset by reduced gas mileage;
• Converting a carburetor to an injector is a change in the design of the vehicle. That is, either you ride at your own peril and risk, until the first technical control post, or you spend time and money on legitimizing the procedure.

Let's sum it up

With a carburetor, the car becomes a little “dumber”, accelerates poorly and has poor response when pressing the gas pedal. This is why most motorists are not too keen on the idea of ​​installing a carburetor on a fuel-injected car. Before you make such a decision, remember what problems and problems constantly arise with the carburetor. This will take some of the pressure off your desire to make the car simpler, and will also show how important it is to respect the factory design of the car.

However, there are different situations. If the injector on your car constantly breaks down, it is better to replace it and get pleasant emotions from it than to continue to constantly repair it and try to establish normal operation of a virtually non-working unit. It must be said that in most cases, after the normal implementation of replacing an injector with a carburetor, car owners are satisfied with the result.

Converting a carburetor to an injector

VAZ 21093 injection engines

It is possible to do this. As promised, we provide instructions. The alteration can be carried out in your own garage, preferably with an assistant.

An object

The object of modification can be not only the VAZ 2109, but also the G8, as well as the VAZ 21099 (cars with carburetor engines). The goal and objective of the operation: to convert the unit into a 16-valve injector by installing a cylinder head from a VAZ 2112. Already at the stage of completing the conversion, without even adjusting the ECU, a big difference is felt. The dynamics of the car increases, the car behaves differently on the highway, and gas consumption decreases. On the other hand, the car's performance deteriorates at low speeds, but they are compensated by improved traction at high speeds (after 2000 rpm).

Note. Any owner of a “nine” will be glad that now his car will show the same acceleration in 4th speed as in the past in 3rd. If only the road is straight, then the “injector” will show itself and easily reach the level of 5000 rpm.

Preparation

The operation, of course, requires proper preparation. The following components should be, as they say, at hand:

• A cylinder head from a “two-piece”, equipped with a receiver and manifolds;

cylinder head VAZ 2112

• Special knock regulator (sensor);
• Throttle pipe with throttle position regulator;
• Mass air flow sensor and much more (a detailed list can be read or downloaded from other articles on our website).

Main differences between systems

The purpose of both systems is to saturate the cylinders with a combustible mixture. The system pre-determines and prepares the mixture for delivery to the engine; inefficient fuel distribution affects overall consumption and the environment. Which is better, a carburetor or an injector? The first is popular in remote areas from services, as they can be adjusted without specialized tools. What is the difference between an injector and a carburetor is found out by many car owners before purchasing a new or used iron friend.

It is becoming increasingly rare to see cars with single injection on the market, as the automotive industry is flooded with power units with a modern fuel supply system. What is the difference between an injector and a carburetor, that the amount of gasoline is supplied in a precisely dosed form under certain loads, which has a positive effect on consumption. An injector or a carburetor have differences and features that pose a serious choice for the future owner.

Injection system

The use of an injection system in cars has a considerable number of advantages.

The carburetor, which has been used for a long time in the production of power units, remains the best, but has been replaced by a more modern design for a number of reasons:

• Efficiency is achieved by supplying gasoline at the required dosage, depending on the loads and operating mode, which is the difference between an injector and a carburetor;
• The ambient temperature does not affect engine starting; the ECU controls the amount of fuel mixture supplied when the engine is cold;
• Dynamic performance is significantly higher, especially at high speeds.

Before drawing conclusions about whether an injector or a carburetor is better for the VAZ 2109, you should pay attention to some difficulties. The modern version is not demanding on gasoline consumption and has easier starting in winter

However, with long-term operation, the structure is subject to expensive repairs, or even replacement of components.

Common pros and cons:

• The fuel used when operating the units must be of a higher quality than in carburetor units, otherwise the injectors will become clogged and the car will lose its dynamic properties;
• Maintenance and replacement of components involves considerable financial costs.

Carburetor type of fuel mixture supply

The most common fuel injection system, especially on cars produced by the domestic auto industry, is carburetor. Due to the possibility of doing it yourself, far from a car service center, the conclusion is that it is better to choose a carburetor or injector for the VAZ 21099.

Significant pros and cons of this type of combustible mixture supply:

• Replacing the device with a complex will cost less than an injection system; this does not affect the cost of a used car;
• The carb is less demanding on the quality of gasoline; timely replacement of the fuel and air filter will make it possible to drive for a long time without maintenance;
• Repairs and adjustments do not require computer diagnostics; you can make the adjustments in the garage yourself.

Naturally, the injector and carburetor are used in different environments, under increased loads. Old-fashioned systems have significant disadvantages during operation, so it is worth weighing the pros and cons before deciding whether a carburetor or an injector is better.

Negative aspects of carburetors:

• The difference is that starting in cold weather is carried out only mechanically, by pulling the choke out of the car;
• Fuel consumption is much higher, since the combustible mixture is supplied evenly under different operating modes;
• The slightest, as well as large shifts in tuning are a consequence of unstable operation of the internal combustion engine.

Summing up the debate about whether a carburetor or an injector is better, it should be noted that each of the developments requires proper maintenance during operation. In severe conditions, components should be cleaned and filters replaced more often than described in the regulations. Timely maintenance will give you confidence and reliability when operating your car.

Rework

To replace a carburetor with an injector yourself, be sure to arm yourself with the following components:

• Cylinder head from VAZ 2112 with receiver and manifolds;
• Knock sensor;
• Throttle pipe with throttle position sensor;
• Mass air flow sensor and a number of other elements.

Replacement kit

When everything is ready, you can start working.

1. Remove the old cylinder head. Plus, remove all attachments in the fuel assembly, gas tank and ignition system.
2. Remove the alternator, thermostat, pulleys and belts.
3. Install a new gas tank with a pump, borrowed from a donor - an injection VAZ.
4. Remove the carburetor and ignition system components that need to be replaced.
5. Disconnect the cooling system pipes and hoses. Here, install a completely new kit from the injector.
6. Remove the pan.
7. Install new pistons from an injection donor and connecting rods at 10. Standard carburetor components are not designed for an injection compression ratio. Plus there are special recesses for other valves.
8. Install a new unit with an underflow on the cover for the DPKV, replacing the standard oil pump. If you can remove the cover, then only that will be replaced.
9. After removing the old cooling system pipes, install new ones. The best solution is to replace the entire set. Buying it won't really impact your overall budget.
10. Prepare everything necessary to mount the 16 valve head. The fasteners match, only the bolts from the old head are long and need to be shortened. Plus, don’t forget to make a size 12 hole in the new head.
11. Install new fuel lines from the donor.
12. Connect your new gas tank to the lines.
13. Route the wiring from the control unit to the fuel pump. You can use old fuel level regulators from a carburetor car.
14. Cut a hole in the wall of the engine compartment through which the wiring will be routed. This way you won't have to make the standard wires longer.
15. Install the knock sensor by drilling a hole in the block and tapping a size 8 thread.
16. Be sure to replace the water pump using a unit from donor 2112.
17. Get a new crankcase breather and oil dipstick. Install them instead of the previous ones.
18. Install a new cylinder head. Just don't forget to change the gasket, which corresponds to a different head.
19. Install a thermostat borrowed from a VAZ 2112.
20. Connect the coolant pipes.
21. Remove the rear timing cover and rollers. The pulleys from 2112 are dismantled. The belt must be installed in accordance with the marks.
22. Install the new generator along with the drive. For the new generator, the upper fasteners will remain intact, since they are not provided for by the design of the carburetor VAZ 2109. Therefore, fasten the pair of lower mounting bolts as securely as possible.
23. Place all the sensors in their new places.
24. Seal the valve covers with a good quality sealant.
25. Assemble the ignition module, wires, spark plugs and other components.
26. Install the air filter.
27. Get your exhaust system back to normal. The muffler is often left stock, but the resonator and other components are taken from the donor.
28. The wiring is connected to the dashboard and the lock.
29. Fill in new oil, refuel the car with high-quality fuel.
30. Start the engine and take it for a test drive.

What you can get

By converting the carburetor into an injection car, you can get improved technical and dynamic characteristics. We offer you a comparison of the parameters of the two motors.

Converting a carburetor to an injector is a serious step in modernizing your VAZ 2109. Despite the apparent complexity, the process can be done even with your own hands. But only if you have sufficient experience.

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Operating principle of the injector

Injection supply of a combustible mixture is more modern and efficient in engine operation. The advantages and differences between an injector and a carburetor are that an electronic control unit is responsible for supplying gasoline to the cylinders, which doses the mixture depending on the type of load. The carburetor and the injector perform the same functions - they supply gasoline to the cylinders. The injection design works due to many sensors installed on the car.

The principle of operation of the injector: 1 - fuel tank; 2 - electric fuel pump; 3 - fuel filter; 4 — fuel pressure regulator; 5 - nozzle; 6 — electronic control unit; 7 — mass air flow sensor; 8 — throttle position sensor; 9 — coolant temperature sensor; 10 — XX regulator; 11 — crankshaft position sensor; 12 — oxygen sensor; 13 — neutralizer; 14 — knock sensor; 15 — adsorber purge valve; 16 - adsorber.

Injectors supply the combustible mixture directly to the cylinders; this type of engine equipment with gasoline is used in almost all modern power units. The check valve is responsible for maintaining the fuel level increased by the fuel pump into the fuel line. The design and difference of the nozzles consists of a solenoid valve, a spring, and a spray system.

Various types of gasoline supply are used in injection systems:

• Mono injection (single-point), the cheapest option, is installed on small-volume power units in order to save fuel;
• Distributed (multipoint) has several spray systems to more completely saturate the cylinders with the mixture;
• Direct or direct injection is installed on racing cars.

The amount of gasoline supplied to the cylinders depends on several parameters. Engine load, engine temperature, amount of nitrogen oxide in exhaust gases, air flow. The crankshaft position sensor acts as a reference for supplying fuel at the right time and cylinder. The position of the throttle valve determines the amount of combustible mixture supplied by the injection system; which is better, a carburetor or an injector.

Tips and tricks

Operating a car on fuel in the CIS requires the owner to replace the fuel filter every 10-15 thousand km. mileage and periodic cleaning of injection nozzles. It is advisable to carry out this procedure every 30-35 thousand km. mileage Additionally, it is recommended to purchase fuel only at large gas stations with a good reputation.

For preventative purposes, you can use special fuel system cleaners that are poured into the fuel to keep the injector clean. Please note that it is advisable to use these fuel additives only on new cars or after deep cleaning of the fuel system. If the injectors are already dirty, then you need to wash the injector separately.

You should not wait for the moment when symptoms of injector contamination appear in the form of problems with engine operation. It is better to wash the injectors in advance. For example, before every second scheduled maintenance

Please note that if you use the flushing liquid cleaning method, it is optimal to carry out this procedure before changing the engine oil

Finally, we add that a decrease in injector performance can be caused by problems with the fuel pump. In this case, it is necessary to measure the pressure in the fuel rail. If the readings are lower than recommended, then you will need to remove the pump for diagnostics. It should also be taken into account that installing more efficient injectors during tuning and boosting the engine may require mandatory replacement of the fuel pump.

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Necessary equipment and tools

Of course, reworking an engine requires special equipment that can make basic manipulations easier. You will undoubtedly need:

• well equipped, warm garage. Agree, it is difficult to work in the cold or in the rain. Electricity is also required;
• convenient overpass or garage pit. It is not recommended to use a jack or improvised devices in order to avoid unsafe situations leading to accidents;
• spare car. It can be useful for quickly responding to various force majeure circumstances, such as the need to urgently replace a defective part.

In addition, it is recommended to carry out the transformation of a carburetor engine with a partner. And if you have a couple of assistants, then all the necessary actions can be completed in a day.

• a set of different screwdrivers. Keys and sockets, including a wrench and a hexagon, will also come in handy;
• a suitable container and a special hose up to 4 m long. Used when draining antifreeze with machine oil;
• a set of adjusting washers, probes and other devices for debugging valves;
• file;
• a chisel, drill and grinder, which can be useful in difficult situations;
• a set of various clamps.

Is it possible to replace it yourself?

It doesn’t matter what kind of car you have - practice shows that any car equipped with a carburetor, regardless of the country of manufacture, can be modified. If you have at least basic knowledge about your car in general, and about the engine in particular, then you are quite capable of installing an injector instead of a carburetor, but be prepared to spend a lot of time on this procedure. If you feel unsure about this issue and are not very well versed in hardware, then it is better to trust a car service center.

First start-up and testing of all systems of the new technical unit

After installing and configuring all the equipment, it is worth once again visually checking the correct installation of each module and checking whether any important parts are clogged. After this, you can start the car engine. During the first start, do not touch the gas pedal; the computer itself should increase the speed at the right moment. If the start-up has occurred, then you should make the following observations while the car is running:

• monitor the revolutions - if you have a tachometer, this will help determine the normal operation of the computer; until the car warms up, it holds 1100 revolutions, then 900-950;
• also monitor the smooth operation of the power unit; if the engine is running unevenly, you will have to inspect the system, clean and sort out each module;
• you should let the car warm up to operating temperature, and then listen to the engine, monitor the fan turning on and other vehicle functions;
• It would also be a good idea to perform a test drive, starting off very carefully and listening to the operating characteristics of the engine and other equipment; It’s not worth driving far during a test ride, but you’ll have to circle around a few kilometers to obtain the necessary information about the operation of all systems.

After installing the injector, you can also install a small on-board computer to determine fuel consumption, engine temperature, distance traveled and other important parameters. This will allow you to always be aware of what is happening with your car. It is important to use up-to-date data to always keep control of everything that happens to your car. We offer a short video about the advantages of installing an injector on a classic VAZ engine: