The low beam on the VAZ-2112 does not work: it does not light up and does not shine

On VAZ-2112 model vehicles, left and right headlights are mounted on the front. This design combines both low and high beam. Manufacturers can be Bosch or Avtosvet, respectively, and the products have minor differences. However, the mounts are always located in the same places, which allows you to easily install headlights made in different factories. The light bulbs used are also absolutely identical. Their characteristic feature is the presence of only one filament coil.

General information

Modern models of the Volzhsky Automobile Plant are equipped with many devices, including many lighting ones. All of them are connected to a single electrical circuit of the car, but they perform different functions.

So external lights and signals serve for:

• road lighting at night;
• determining dimensions;
• demonstrating to other road users the car enthusiast’s intentions.

In addition, there are also light bulbs in:

• salon;
• trunk;
• engine compartment.

External devices include:

• side and signal lights;
• block headlights;
• rear lights;
• fog lights;
• number plate illumination.

The headlights have a special adjustment device - a corrector. With its help, the driver, without leaving the cabin, can direct the light up or down depending on the need.

Adjustment

Once a year, the low beam on the VAZ 2110 should be adjusted. This procedure is necessary in order to increase the lighting efficiency and also to prevent dazzling oncoming drivers.

Below we will take a closer look at how to adjust the low beam headlights:

• You need to find a flat area with a wall that will serve as a screen.
• The car should be placed at a distance of five meters from the screen. A passenger must sit in front. You can also put a load weighing 75 kilograms in the car.
• On the screen you need to draw a horizontal line at 600 mm, as well as a second line 75 mm below the first.
• Then you need to draw three vertical lines - the two outer lines should correspond to the centers of the headlights, and the middle one should be located in the middle between them.
• The headlight hydraulic adjustment handle should be moved to the position corresponding to the minimum load.
• One of the headlights must be covered with cardboard or a sheet of plywood.

• Then the light beam is adjusted according to the diagram. Adjustment is carried out with screws with plastic heads, which are located on the back side of the headlights. They rotate the optical element around the horizontal and vertical axis.
• Next, you need to adjust the second headlight in the same way.

Here, in fact, is all the information on how to adjust the low beam headlights.

The most common lighting problems in the VAZ-2112

All faults that arise are divided into two categories:

• mechanical;
• electric.

During vehicle operation, external lighting devices are exposed to various negative influences. They are often rendered unusable:

• stones flying out from under the wheels of cars driving in front;
• sand;
• branches of bushes, etc.

Thus, the first thing to do if you were unable to turn on the headlights is to check their integrity. The simplest option in this case is to replace the entire unit that has become unusable. Removing it is not difficult. In addition, the headlight can be repaired. It is important to pay attention to restoring its tightness - ignoring this requirement leads to rapid failure of the entire unit, since moisture that gets inside contributes to:

• constant fogging of lenses;
• oxidation of contacts;
• rapid wear of fasteners.

The most common electrical failure is a light bulb burnout - this is usually indicated by the failure of only one of the headlights. There are no special options here - you will have to change it to a working one.

If the lamps are good, then you should suspect the following faults:

• the fuse link has burned out;
• the electromagnetic switching relay has deteriorated;
• one of the circuit contacts has come off (or oxidized);
• there is a break in the wires;
• there is no mass.

Malfunction of the lights themselves

If during the check from the fuse box to the limit switch no problems are found, then you should move on. Now you should test the wiring from the second limit switch connector to the stop connectors with a tester. If it is working, then you need to check the board. The printed circuit board on which the taillights are mounted is not ideal, and is one of the biggest problems of all VAZ cars.

Its tracks often burn out or peel off, causing the lights to stop working. This problem can be solved in two ways - either re-solder the tracks (which can be done with a regular soldering iron, although not in road conditions) or replace the board with a new one (most motorists choose the second option).

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Another reason why the VAZ 2114 brake lights do not work may be oxidation of the lamp sockets. In order to eliminate this problem, it is enough to clean all contacts from oxides that have appeared on them.

This is best done in one of the following ways:

• small grit sandpaper;
• WD-40 solution;
• kerosene;
• purified gasoline (“galosh”).

You should absolutely not use gasoline or other solvents to clean contacts.

The last option for faulty stops is the light bulbs themselves. It makes no sense to give any detailed advice here - you just need to replace the burnt out light bulbs with new ones.

By following all the tips listed above, the car enthusiast gets the opportunity to check the entire electrical circuit of the brake lights, starting from the fuse box and ending with the bulbs in the lamps. Thanks to this, the guarantee that the fault will be accurately detected and eliminated is 100%.

How to replace a broken lamp

For an experienced car owner, installing a new lamp will not be difficult, but a beginner will have to suffer a lot.

The order of work is as follows:

• first of all, you should remove the wire from the negative terminal of the battery - this will de-energize the on-board electrical network;
• to get to the lamp, you need to remove the rubber gasket from the hood side;
• after this, disconnect the terminals from the headlight;
• then pull out the latch by pressing the springs holding it;
• remove the burnt out light bulb and install a working one;
• reassemble.

Why are fog lights needed?

The very name “fog” lights already speaks about their essence. Their light penetrates fog, a wall of rain, and contributes to more efficient illumination of the road.

The presence of PTF provides three important advantages.

1. PTF or fog lights are characterized by a flatter luminous flux, which literally spreads above the ground, spreading more in width than in height. This was done on purpose, since the temperature of the road surface is higher than the temperature of the air and fog, so it does not fall to the ground itself. Consequently, fog lights provide a certain range of illumination compared to conventional headlights. You will see approximately 10 meters further than with low beam.
2. The width of the PTF light beam allows you to see the markings and the side of the road, which will allow you to make a maneuver in time and not end up outside the road surface. Unfortunately, this is a common occurrence in foggy conditions. Moreover, those who do not have fog lights suffer much more often. It is a fact.
3. PTF does not blind oncoming cars, but allows them to see you. Only if the headlights are adjusted correctly, of course. Therefore, fog lights on your car have a big impact on safety by signaling oncoming cars that you are approaching.

Both headlights do not work

In the case when two headlights fail at once (and both the high and low beams do not work), the switch responsible for the external lighting is first inspected. It is easy to test the circuit using a test light or a regular tester. One wire is applied to ground, and the other to the 30th terminal. If this is not the problem, then there will be 12 volts on it (even with the ignition off). After turning the key, voltage will also flow to terminal 10. Such diagnostic results allow us to say with complete confidence that the light does not come on precisely because of the switch.

If there is no voltage at the terminals mentioned above, then most likely the wires have broken or the contact has been lost.

Replacing fuses

If after replacing the bulbs the lighting still does not work, you should check the fuses. The mounting block is located on the left side of the steering wheel.

Fuse F2 is responsible for low beam lighting in the left headlight unit, and F12 in the right one. It must be said that a fuse malfunction cannot always be detected visually. Therefore, it is better to install new fuses.

High or low beam does not turn on

The inability to turn on two high beam headlights requires a mandatory check of relay K5. It is located in the mounting block located in the cabin (to the left of the steering wheel).

How to find out if this relay is working. Pull it out and place a jumper between the 87 and 30 connectors of the block. After this, try to turn on the light. The activation of the headlights indicates a breakdown of the above-mentioned unit. It cannot be repaired in principle, so it will have to be replaced.

The reason for the failure of both low beam lamps is diagnosed in the same way, only you will have to close contacts 87 and 30 on the K4 relay block - it is the relay that is responsible for this electrical circuit.

What glass color to choose for the fog light

Experienced drivers remember the time when PTF glass was painted yellow.
Since then, there has been a very strange, but erroneous stereotype that yellow headlights are the most effective and optimal color. However, this opinion is completely erroneous, since today the largest car and component manufacturers equip fog lights with transparent glass. And this is not an accident, because transparent glasses are more preferable. For the VAZ 2110 model, modern models of fog lights are available in only two variations: transparent and corrugated.

It’s paradoxical, but the lion’s share of buyers choose transparent ones, although for a number of objective reasons the corrugated ones are better suited for installation

They not only make the appearance of the car more modern, but also ensure clarity and directionality of the beam itself, and ultimately better visibility in adverse weather conditions, and ultimately safety, as well as checking the VAZ 2110 speed sensor, timely replacement of tires and others precautionary measures

Only one headlight is off

So, you saw that one of the high beam (or low beam) headlights did not turn on, and you found out that the bulbs are working, and the voltage is supplied by the battery or generator. In this situation, checking the circuit begins with the fuse. So, if the problem occurs in:

• right headlight (low beam), then inspect F12;
• left – F2.

Both of these fuses have the same rating - 7.5 amperes. At the same time, for the right high beam, voltage is supplied through F3, and the left one feeds F13.

All the fuses mentioned above are located in the same block where relays K5 and K4 are located. If you don’t have any new ones in stock, install a temporary jumper. For this, a copper wire with a thickness of at least 0.3 millimeters is suitable - this cross-section will withstand a current of 10 amperes. As an alternative, aluminum foil rolled into a flagellum will also work. In any case, remember that this is a temporary measure, and replace the fuse with a new one as soon as possible.

Repair

If the fuses are intact, but the lighting still does not turn on, you need to find the cause of the malfunction. To do this, you will need a test lamp, or even better, a multimeter.

It must be said that repairing the low beam on a VAZ 2110 is not difficult - you just need to ring the circuit and find a break in order to fix it.

Below is the optimal procedure:

• Since the low beam relay on the VAZ 2110 is often the cause of a low beam malfunction, you can start checking with it. Using the device, you need to determine whether voltage is supplied to it and whether it is at the output. If there is no voltage at the output, then the relay needs to be replaced.
• If there is no voltage supplied to the relay and there is no voltage at the fuse terminals, then you should check the VAZ wiring from the switch to the fuses, as well as the switch itself.
• If there is voltage at the output of the relay, you need to check whether it is supplied to the lamp connector. Often the cause of the malfunction is burnt or oxidized contacts. If the low and high beams disappear at once, then the ground wire in the headlight may have come loose.

Note! The cause of relay malfunction is often oxidized contacts, which simply need to be cleaned.

Thus, by checking all the main components along the circuit, you will definitely find the cause of the malfunction. The low beam diagram for the VAZ 2110, which is shown above, will help to simplify this work.

The principle of operation of the fog lamp

Before grabbing the tools and adjusting the position of the PTF on the car with your own hands, every car owner must understand the features of their operation.

And for this you need to remember that fog:

• These are the smallest particles of moisture that are in the air;
• The emanating heat from the ground (road surface) does not allow them to sink, causing them to literally hang, which leads to the formation of a milky veil;
• The stream of light, reflected from them like a mirror, returns back and blinds the driver.

Narrow work space

All drivers know that turning on regular headlights in fog leads to poor visibility. This happens because droplets of moisture are located exactly at the level of the headlight of a modern car. After all, their location was determined for better illumination of the road situation - as close as possible to the driver’s organs of vision.

But PTF has another task - to make movement in fog possible. That’s why they are installed on cars as low as possible to the road surface, so that they, as they say, “shine under the fog.”

The fact is that moist air close to the ground is drier and, accordingly, does not have glare properties.

Warning! Under no circumstances should fog lights be installed lower than 25 cm from the road surface. This is prohibited by current GOST 8769-75. But what is not prohibited is making stickers for headlights that will protect them from stones. Since the price of PTFs does not allow their safety to be neglected.

Technical feature of the luminous flux

The second point that should be emphasized is that:

1. The beam of the fog lights along the top edge has a clear boundary:
2. This is done so that when it hits drops of moisture, it does not refract upward and blind drivers.

For reference: due to the special shape of the lens or marks applied to the glass of a classic headlight, the luminous flux of fog lights has a clear horizontal cut.

Unexpected reasons for non-working PTFs on the VAZ-2110

First of all, we check the bulbs themselves; you can get to the left one through the hood.

On some versions of the VAZ-2110, a PTF from the Avtosvet plant (Kirzhach) was installed with a socket for the H1 lamp. Stock lamps are not the best quality and they do not like sudden changes in temperature. It is quite difficult to get to the right fog lamp through the hood; it is easier to remove the headlight itself by unscrewing the screws.

During sudden cooling, when leaving the garage in winter, for example, or after turning off the headlights, the contact leg of the lamp bulb simply fell off the conductor. At the same time, visually the halogen lamp looked absolutely intact. It was enough to apply a plus directly to the leg itself, and the lamp would light up. The fault was due to poor-quality resistance welding, and it is almost impossible to detect the cause without a detailed examination of the lamp itself and its dismantling.

Of course, it is impossible to provide for all failure options, but we will consider the most common ones.

Why are fog lights needed?

The very name “fog” lights already speaks about their essence. Their light penetrates fog, a wall of rain, and contributes to more efficient illumination of the road.

The presence of PTF provides three important advantages.

1. PTF or fog lights are characterized by a flatter luminous flux, which literally spreads above the ground, spreading more in width than in height. This was done on purpose, since the temperature of the road surface is higher than the temperature of the air and fog, so it does not fall to the ground itself. Consequently, fog lights provide a certain range of illumination compared to conventional headlights. You will see approximately 10 meters further than with low beam.
2. The width of the PTF light beam allows you to see the markings and the side of the road, which will allow you to make a maneuver in time and not end up outside the road surface. Unfortunately, this is a common occurrence in foggy conditions. Moreover, those who do not have fog lights suffer much more often. It is a fact.
3. PTF does not blind oncoming cars, but allows them to see you. Only if the headlights are adjusted correctly, of course. Therefore, fog lights on your car have a big impact on safety by signaling oncoming cars that you are approaching.