Installing a turbine on an 8 valve VAZ 2114 engine

Installing a turbine is the most common way to improve the power characteristics of VAZ cars. Atmospheric modification of the engine with a cylinder head bore, a sports exhaust system and sports shafts will be more affordable, but it is limited to a limit of 120-130 hp. Proper turbocharging allows you to remove more than 200 horses from a car. When choosing between turbocharged and naturally aspirated engines, proceed from the tasks assigned to the car. Refinement of the naturally aspirated engine allows you not to get lost in city traffic among more powerful foreign cars. Turbo is better for racing.

In addition, it is almost impossible to legalize a turbo engine in a VAZ in Russia.

Installing a turbo on a VAZ 2114: where to start

Installing a turbine on any car begins with a thorough examination of the hardware. You can’t just go to the store and buy a ready-made kit. And even if it is possible, the system will still have to be modified.

Turbocharged engine VAZ 2114

If you take on this task, consider the following:

A number of stock units of the VAZ 2114 are unsuitable for a car with a power of over 150 hp. It will not be possible to do without re-equipping the suspension and brakes, installing wider wheels with a turbo engine.
Tuning foreign cars is partly easier if the model being tuned has “bigger” brothers with turbo engines. Tuning usually comes down to searching, purchasing and adjusting ready-made factory units. It’s more difficult with Togliatti-made cars - VAZs don’t install turbines. Fortunately, in large cities there are tuning studios that develop and produce tuning parts. True, their products are mostly unlicensed, so there will be problems with legalizing changes.
The correct choice of turbine is the key to successful turbo tuning. Before realizing your dream, we recommend that you read brief descriptions of the turbines used to modify the VAZ.

3 Mechanical air turbocharger - we improve the car with our own hands!

The turbo mode is most effective on injection gasoline engines. Carburetor-type engines can also work with a mechanical supercharger, but they require some do-it-yourself modifications, in particular, the installation of jets with a larger cross-section and other measures. In the case of an injection engine, it all comes down to new firmware.

A mechanical supercharger, powered by the engine crankshaft, has an undoubted advantage - it works absolutely synchronously with the unit and in turbo mode provides a uniform air supply in accordance with engine speed. However, such a device will take away part of the engine power for its operation.

Turbines for VAZ cars

There are many options for installing a turbine on the 2114 model. Theoretically, anything can be adapted, but the following models are best suited for an 8-valve engine:

Garret 1752;
Mitsubishi TD04 (installed on Mitsubishi Lancer EVO, Subaru Impreza WRX, and some other models);
IHI VF10 (this model was equipped with the 1st generation Subaru Legacy cars), as a variant of the VF11-20 (stock for the 2nd generation Legacy);

The list can be expanded with dozens of positions, including more powerful turbines TD05, TD06, VF23-30.

For the first boost we recommend Garret, TD04 or IHI VF10-20. They are widespread, inexpensive and repairable.

Moreover, if there is not enough money for new equipment, it is not difficult to find used kits in decent condition due to the transition of their owners to more powerful equipment

An exhaust manifold

This system is designed to improve the release of exhaust gases. People call this system “spider”, and there can be mainly two options: “4-1”, “4-2-1”.

Three types of collectors

It is advisable to install the exhaust system after working with the gas distribution mechanism, pistons, “nulevik” or chip tuning. Single-purpose installation of this system will not bring the desired results.

Turbo kit Garret 1752

Turbines from Garrett are consistently among the most popular among VAZ owners.

Among the reasons for this:

sold as a ready-made set, there is no need to assemble individual elements using spare parts at car dismantling yards;
relatively low cost (a new set will cost 30-35 thousand, used ones can be found in the range from 15 to 25 thousand);
without any special modifications, you can remove the boost from the car to 0.5 bar, increasing power to 120-130 hp. and torque up to 180-200 Nm;
with additional modifications to the boost system, the boost can be increased to 1 bar, power – up to 170-200 hp, and torque – up to 240 Nm.

The boost kit from Garret is optimal for novice fans of turbo tuning. By setting the boost to 0.5 bar, you can get a good increase in power without reducing engine life. For serious “rides,” this option is not suitable due to its limitations.

Chip tuning

The most affordable method for increasing engine power, which does not involve making changes to the hardware, but working exclusively with electronics.

In most cases, the standard version of the software is replaced with a program for the racing characteristics of VAZ cars.

Results after chip tuning.

Changing these parameters is best left to specialized companies, since this work requires certain skills. If you own one, you can easily cope with this task. And after flashing the controller, you will immediately see an increase in dynamics and overclocking (about overclocking the stock version to 100). However, your consumption will definitely increase (about consumption rates here) and the level of emissions into the atmosphere will decrease.

In addition, you can consider online firmware of the system without fundamentally changing the program, but only making changes with minor adjustments to the operation of the engine.

Turbines based on the TD04 turbo compressor

Turbine TD04L with actuator

The Mitsubishi TD04 compressor and its various invariants (TD04H, TD04L, TD04HL and others) are one of the most common Japanese turbo systems in Russia. Installed on Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution IV-V generations, turbodiesel Mitsubishi Pajero, as well as many Subaru models of the mid-1990s.

The advantage of this compressor is that in the factory version it made it possible to extract a solid 280 - 340 Nm and 280 hp from 1.6 - 2.0 liter engines. In addition, it is compactly placed under the VAZ hood.

High-performance turbos like the Garret GTX30 (installed on the Toyota Chaser or Mark II and German BMW e39 cars) are more difficult to place under the hood. There are precedents, but doing it on your own is not easy.

The build quality of the Japanese turbine is higher than the Chinese Garrett, and the resource reserve allows you to purchase even well-worn equipment. A distinctive feature of the turbine is its flat torque level. Peak performance varies depending on the type of compressor and additional equipment.

For racing where acceleration is of paramount importance, it is better to consider other turbos. On tracks with long straights, where it is possible to fully use the maximum revs of 4 - 4.5 thousand, the TD04 can compete with more productive models.

Changing engine displacement

The most favorite tuner engine is 124

This method is one of the simplest and most convenient. Such tuning will significantly increase engine torque without changing your driving style. It can be increased by boring the cylinders or increasing the piston stroke.

By increasing the cylinder capacity, you will immediately increase engine power . This is based on the fact that there is a reserve in the thickness of the cylinder walls and they can be bored using a special machine. Bored cylinders will burn the greatest amount of fuel in the same amount of time, thereby increasing the throttle response of the engine.
increase the piston stroke by using a new crankshaft, which has a large eccentricity, and selecting appropriate pistons and connecting rods for it. As a rule, lightweight connecting rods in this case are installed, since weight in this case plays an important role. The new piston group allows to significantly increase efficiency and, accordingly, power. At the end of such tuning, it is advisable to install a lightweight flywheel in order to relieve the load on the crankshaft and clutch, which will certainly have a positive effect on the dynamics and acceleration of the car.

Boring cylinders on a machine.

Compression ratio

The very concept of compression ratio implies the ratio of the combustion chamber to the total volume of the cylinders. This will simultaneously significantly increase efficiency, engine power and reduce fuel consumption.
These indicators can be achieved by installing a new camshaft with completely different geometric parameters. Thus, the new element is able to increase the volume of the combustion chamber, while the engine volume remains unchanged. Such work is best carried out together with the installation of a turbine (see below - note). However, remember that this work is not cheap.
You also need to know that when installing such a camshaft, the octane number of the gasoline being poured must be increased, as well as improving the engine oil being poured, which has the lowest friction coefficients. When carrying out such tuning, compression units can increase to 10 units.

Turbines based on IHI VF10 compressor

Turbocharger VF22

Subaru has experimented with turbo engine configurations more than other manufacturers. On the same WRXs you can find Garretts, and the famous Apexi, and Mitsubishi. Not the last place in this series is occupied by the American manufacturer IHI, whose superchargers were installed on legendary cars like the Chevrolet Camaro.

VAZ is equipped with many variants of turbines from IHI, including:

VF22
VF23
VF24

These are classic drag racing turbos that boost extremely quickly, already at 2800-2900 rpm.

The VF10 is less powerful than either of these options. Peak power is about 250 horses (rarely, with very professional tuning and a strong reduction in resource - up to 300). By comparison, the 20th and 30th numbers are capable of developing up to 325 or more horses. But for the VAZ engine, the “ten” (as well as the VF11-20 turbines similar to it), according to many turbo experts, is optimal.

When compared with the TD04 and even the TD05, the VF10 will be faster at the bottom, but the turbo lag will be more noticeable. A VAZ 2114 with such a turbine will feel better on drag or in circuit racing with a minimum of long straights.

Engine malfunctions and repairs 21124

AvtoVAZ continues to develop 16 valve engines and in 2004 the VAZ 2112 engine was replaced with a 124 engine. It uses a Kalinovsky high block, it is 2.3 mm higher compared to the old block 2112, the piston stroke has increased from 71 mm to 75.6 mm, due to this the volume has become 1.6 liters. On the same block, behind the air filter, above the gearbox casing, there is a platform on which the VAZ engine number 21124 is stamped. By adapting the 124 engine to Euro-3 standards, its environmental performance has increased, low-end traction has appeared, the engine has become quieter and a little noisier than the twelfth . Engine 2110 124 1.6 l. injection in-line 4-cylinder with overhead camshafts, the gas distribution mechanism is belt driven. The service life of the 21124 motor, according to the manufacturer’s data, is 150 thousand km; in practice, the motors run about 200 and even 250 thousand km. This engine solves the problem of 16-valve engines - the VAZ 21124 engine does not bend the valve, for this purpose there are holes on the bottom of the piston and with standard shafts or sports ones with moderate lift, the owner has nothing to fear. Among the disadvantages, it is necessary to tighten the timing belt once every 15 thousand km. If the VAZ 21124 engine is troublesome, there is a knocking or noise, do not be afraid, this is a common situation for AvtoVAZ, read the description of the problems HERE, there is also an answer to the exciting question why the VAZ 21124 engine is overheating According to general reviews, the 124 engine is considered one of the best VAZ engines and is recommended for purchase, especially if serious modifications are planned. In 2007, a new engine was released, replacing the 124th engine - the well-known Priora engine. In addition, based on the 124 engine, the Super-Auto company produced a 1.8 liter VAZ 21128 engine, something is also said about it)

Turbine installation: purchasing parts

Assembling a turbo car is a creative process; much (if not all) depends on the construction kit you assemble.

It is impossible to give unambiguous advice here - all answers are only specific.

In the VAZ store you will need to purchase:

new pistons (usually Niv ones are used);
rings (the higher quality the better);
cylinder head gasket (iron, suitable from Kalina for 8 valves);
fuel regulator at 2.5-3 bar;
throttle;
vacuum tubes, tees, bends, etc.

Simple turbo kit for VAZ 2114

If you buy a ready-made turbo kit, everything is simple. We order and receive. If not, online stores, Japanese car dismantling yards and other e-bay are available. You will need:

turbocharger (from the above or whichever you like);
gaskets (pipe, downpipe, oil drain);
inlet receiver;
exhaust manifold (there are ready-made solutions for Garrett and TD04; for other turbines you will have to assemble it yourself);
a set of pipes, clamps and other small things (ready ones available);
intercooler (you can start without it, it gives an additional increase of up to 10 hp);
fuel pump (with a capacity of about 250 l/h, the better the quality, the better);
injectors (budget option - from Volga, more productive - from Subaru or Mitsu Evo);
blow-off (bypass valve for excess air pressure in the turbine, deserves a separate discussion);
boost controller (for the VAZ 2114 it is better to use a mechanical one, it is simpler and cheaper, however, you can install an electronic one);
absolute pressure sensor (ABP), air temperature sensor (ATS), turbine pressure sensor (TP).

The budget can start from 40-45 thousand rubles and tend to infinity, depending on the cost of components and the amount of work performed in the tuning studio.

2 Air blower - how to pump power into the engine?

With the development of the automotive industry, various methods of air compression arose. Many developments have confidently reached our days. So, let's figure out what methods of supercharging exist:

Mechanical is the “father” of superchargers, which arose almost immediately after the appearance of the DVZ. This boost is driven by the engine crankshaft.
Electric is a more modern version of turbocharging, in which excess pressure in the cylinders is created by an electric compressor.
Turbocharging - the supercharger in such a system operates from the pressure of the exhaust gases and the compressor.
Combined supercharging is a combination of different systems, most often mechanical and turbo.

As a rule, such systems are not standardly installed on cars, which gives car enthusiasts many opportunities for tuning with their own hands.

Installation: procedure

Turbocharging an engine is a lengthy process. Plans to “turban for vacation” are practically impossible. Plan your time in advance. If the car is your main one, it makes sense to think in advance about purchasing a temporary means of transportation.

Most turbocharging features are unique to different models of compressors and other equipment. The description below is average and schematic.

Stage 1. Preparing the motor . The engine is disassembled, a complete inspection of the cylinders, crankshaft, connecting rods, liners and oil pump is carried out, and the block is polished. Pistons are purchased after preparing the cylinders (boring may be required).

The cylinder head is checked (if necessary, the cylinder head is ground), hydraulic compensators and valves can be used as standard.

Stage 2. Assembly of attachments. New injectors are installed and the fuel pump is replaced. VAZ 2114 engines with 8 valves have a number of advantages compared to 16-valve engines. Firstly, there is no need to be clever with the return. Secondly, it is much easier to connect the fuel pressure regulator.

Next, installation of the receiver, installation of the exhaust manifold, fitting of the turbine. If you purchased an intercooler, we find a place for it and install it. We install piping and blow-offs. We are preparing the oil and cooling supply to the turbine. We remove the air flow sensor and install the DBP and DTV system.

Stage 3. When everything is assembled and secured, there is confidence that nothing is leaking anywhere, the most difficult part begins - setting up. All horsepower, Newton meters and fuel consumption depend on the skill of the tuner. There are good turbo specialists in large cities - do not spare money on their services, otherwise a much larger sum will go down the drain.

A good boost is the result of intellectual work and skill. For the results to justify themselves, remember: there can never be too much information. Study the question thoroughly - the result will amaze you.

Installation of a zero resistance filter

A zero-resistance filter, or simply “zero filter,” is mounted instead of the air filter and its housing. It is designed to reduce the resistance of incoming air into the system. Large filter throughput allows you to increase engine power by a couple of percent. Remember that the correct choice of filter and impregnation for it is the key to proper engine operation.

This tuning is one of the most affordable.

Channels and valves

The exhaust and inlet channels are supposed to be ground , increasing the diameter at the inlet, and not changing the diameter at the outlet. We remove all irregularities and various joints that can in any way slow down the flow.
Valves - it is better to use special lightweight or increased diameter ones. It is also expected to use the stiffest or sportiest springs, as well as lightweight valve plates.

The difference between the lightweight valve (left) and the regular one.