Replacement of armored wires for VAZ 2110 16 valves 124 engine

Automotive high-voltage (HV) wires play an important role for internal combustion engines, since they help transmit high current from the ignition coil to the spark plugs. The serviceability and efficiency of the wires determines the timeliness and intensity of ignition of the fuel-air mixture, and therefore the correct and uninterrupted operation of the engine. Despite their simplicity, wires have many different “sores” and can cause a lot of troubles to their owner, which in one way or another will affect his nerves and pocket.

Introduction

High-voltage wires of VAZ cars are one of the most important elements in the ignition system. It is the wires that transmit high electrical voltage from the module to the spark plug.

Failure of the wires affects not only the formation of a spark, but also the operation of the entire power plant. This article will talk about how to correctly select and independently replace high-voltage wires on a VAZ car.

Below we discuss the procedure for connecting wires to the ignition module, as well as examples of the highest quality and best wires that can be purchased in terms of price and quality.

Wires from the Slon company

Products from this brand are used for cars of OJSC AVTOVAZ and GSM-AVTOVAZ. In addition, work is being carried out that will make it possible to use parts on foreign-made machines. Wire ends can be straight or angled.

High voltage wires Slon

Consumer reviews indicate that often the designations on the packaging do not correspond to real indicators. However, most of the comments are good, so it’s worth paying attention to this option.

Operating principle and device

High-voltage wires are the link between the coil (ignition module) and the spark plugs. The voltage generated in the ignition module is transmitted to the spark plug through a high-voltage wire, after which the spark plug produces a spark in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.

The wires have powerful insulation that can withstand enormous voltages without breakdown of the insulation. People quite often hear the name armored wire; high-voltage wires received this name because of their powerful insulation.

Device

A high-voltage wire consists of a core (also a conductor) placed in powerful shielded insulation. The core in the wire is shielded to preserve the voltage pulse from external influences and protect against breakdown.

At the ends of the wire there are tips made of a special alloy with the lowest resistance coefficient to ensure the best contact with the spark plugs and the ignition module.

Signs of faulty wires

There can be many different signs of faulty high-voltage wires, but there are several signs that, once detected, require the wires to be replaced.

Signs:

• The car jerks when you press the gas pedal. This is due to the fact that with a higher load the engine needs a large amount of fuel and its timely combustion, but since the wires are not able to give a spark at the right time, the car begins to twitch.

• When starting the car, one or more cylinders may not fire. This is due to the fact that when a spark is transmitted, it breaks through to the housing due to breakdown of the insulation.

To check the wires in more detail, you need to remove them from the car and carefully inspect them.

The wires should not contain:

• Gusts;
• Zadirov;
• Insulation breakdowns;
• Cracks in the plastic case;

Rupture of the protective cap of the GDP
If such problems are found on the wires of your car, then they need to be replaced.

Symptoms and troubleshooting

High-voltage (HV) cords have a long service life. But over many years of service in conditions of constant temperature fluctuations, the properties of their insulation deteriorate. As soon as it cracks, moisture, oils, various chemical and salt solutions get into the cracks.

If you do not pay attention to this, the cracks will reach the current-carrying cover, then the starting pulse will not actively flow to the distributor.

The varying degrees of malfunction of the high-voltage wire can be judged by the following symptoms:

1. the engine periodically does not start, more often in cold weather;
2. power decreases and extraneous noise appears when driving;
3. the car radio exhibits radio interference;
4. increased fuel consumption;
5. holes or discoloration appear on the outside.

First of all, you need to look for damage by eye - damage and cracks can be found visually. If it is dark outside, the breakdown site will spark.

Sometimes it is difficult to determine the problem by appearance. Then you can use a simple test method - disconnect the conductors from the spark plug one by one. If after disconnecting any of them the engine power does not change, then this cord must be replaced with a new one.

The second way is to connect a piece of wire to ground (for example, a body) with one end, and run the other end along the high-voltage cable, joints, and caps. A spark will appear at the damaged areas.

Cost and articles

Below are prices and articles for good and high-quality high-voltage wires for VAZ cars, both for 16 and 8 valve engines.

Recommendations for replacement

Never remove or touch high-voltage wires with your hands while the engine is running, as there is very high voltage that can cause serious harm to human health.

Replacement must be made only with high-quality and reliable wires, and best of all with a new set of spark plugs. Which spark plugs are best for VAZ cars can be read in our article here.

HF wires (stand for high-voltage) are needed as direct impulse conductors from the ignition device to the fuel ignition system (directly to the spark plugs). If the pulse does not flow or does not flow properly, the gasoline will not burn properly in the cylinder and the engine will not operate as it should.

In today's article we will talk about malfunctions, methods for checking resistance and replacing high-voltage (armored wires) ignition of the VAZ 2112

Self-check of automotive high-voltage spark plug wires of the ignition system

It is necessary to begin diagnostics with an external inspection of high-voltage wires. During such an external examination, the presence of noticeable defects in the form of cracks, fractures, etc. is not allowed.

1. The easiest way to check is to use a known good spare ignition wire. It is necessary to disconnect each armored wire one by one, replacing it with a spare one. Stabilization of engine operation after replacing one of the wires will indicate a faulty element.
2. To identify a possible breakdown of the ignition armored wire, you must wait until it gets dark. When darkness falls, you will need to open the hood and start the engine. If there is a breakdown, then during engine operation an electric spark on the damaged high-voltage wire becomes clearly visible.
3. Also, checking high-voltage automotive ignition wires can be done by using an additional insulated wire. To check, the ends of such a wire are stripped (exposed). Then one end is shorted to ground, and the other end should be passed along the highest voltage wire, connections, bends, caps, etc. If there is a breakdown in a certain place, then an electric spark will appear between the breakdown area and the end of the tester wire.
4. Checking the resistance of high-voltage car wires is carried out using a multimeter. To check, the multimeter must be switched to operating mode as an ohmmeter. The next step is to remove the wire from the spark plug on the first cylinder, after which the specified wire is also disconnected from the ignition coil. Then the contacts of the multimeter are connected to the ends of the wire, after which the obtained data is evaluated.

In a similar way, you should check the remaining high-voltage ignition wires. It should be taken into account that the spread in readings between all wires should not be higher than 2 or maximum 4 kOhm. Exceeding this threshold will indicate the need to replace high-voltage automotive ignition wires.

It should be added that if a faulty wire is detected, replacing only one defective element is not recommended, since it is a temporary measure. It is optimal to replace high-voltage armored ignition wires in a car as a set. This approach allows for the most efficient operation of the ignition system and smooth engine operation in all modes. For the same reason, it is highly not recommended to repair high-voltage wires for further operation without replacement.

Do-it-yourself tuning and modernization of spark plugs to improve fuel efficiency and other characteristics of the internal combustion engine. How to modify the candles yourself.

Signs of faulty spark plugs. Assessing the condition of a spark plug during a visual inspection, methods for checking spark plugs. Plaque on the spark plug electrodes.

For what reasons may misfire of the fuel-air mixture occur in one or more cylinders? Fault diagnosis, recommendations.

What to do if the ignition spark is lost. Diagnostics of individual elements: spark plugs, coil, ignition module. How to check the spark on an injection engine.

The main reasons for engine oil getting into spark plug wells. What should a driver do if oil flows into the spark plug well, how to carry out repairs with his own hands.

What you need to know when selecting spark plugs according to your car model: size, heat rating, interchangeability. Choosing candles by design, useful tips.

What are the armored wires for the VAZ 2112 needed for and what functions do they perform?

Expert opinion: The main task of the high-voltage wires of the ignition system of gasoline engines is to transmit the ignition pulse from the coil (coils) or ignition distributor to the spark plugs of the internal combustion engine.

Along with this, the high-voltage wires on the VAZ 2112 car perform the following functions:

• ensuring high-quality isolation of high-voltage pulses;
• minimizing radio interference;
• protection against failure of ignition system elements.

If the electrical parameters of the high-voltage wire are violated, the car engine begins to “triple”, there is a large loss of car power, and the car’s starting system may fail. Such a malfunction must be corrected immediately, as it can lead to a complete failure of the ignition system, malfunction of the vehicle’s mechanical components due to uneven engine operation.

New armored wires for VAZ 2112

What should be the resistance of high-voltage ignition wires?

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In order to obtain the most complete information about the serviceability or malfunction of a high-voltage wire, a method of measuring its physical parameters is used.

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The simplest electrical measuring tool that should be in the trunk of any car is a multimeter. A simple small multimeter made in China is a little larger than two matchboxes in size and costs about 300 rubles.

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In high voltage wires, two main parameters are checked: the resistance of the current-carrying conductor

and
insulation resistance
. The second parameter cannot be measured using a conventional multimeter; for this you need to have an expensive megohmmeter, since the insulation resistance must be several hundred megohms.

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The resistance of the center conductor should be in the range from zero to several kiloohms. This depends on the type of high-voltage wires and the presence of limiting resistance in the ignition system.

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Limiting resistances began to be used when cars began to be equipped with radio receivers. They significantly reduce the level of radio interference. In addition, they have another important function of protecting the ignition coil and control circuit from breakdown in the event of an overload in the high-voltage circuit. This is possible if the spark plug has a short-circuiting deposit, as well as if a high-voltage wire breaks down on the car body.

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In many cars, limiting resistances are placed in a slider; in some cars, spark plugs have a limiting resistor. Sometimes resistors are inserted into the spark plug caps. But most cars use distributed resistance inside high-voltage wires.

The main signs of a malfunction of the armored wires of the VAZ 2112

High-voltage wires of the VAZ 2112 are subject to some typical faults:

Lost connection. The electrical circuit is often interrupted at the junctions between the metal contacts of the wiring and the conductor (conductive). A break can also happen:

• when disconnecting the wire;
• in case of unreliable interaction of certain components of the ignition system;
• when the vein oxidizes.

Photo: Wear of armored wires of VAZ 2112
Current leaks. The cause of the leak may be:

• dirty wiring;
• dirt on spark plugs;
• distribution cover;
• ignition coil;
• the insulating layer is damaged.
• faulty wiring caps. The voltage drops due to clogging of the wiring, spark plugs, distribution cap, ignition coil, when the insulation and wiring caps are damaged.

Expert advice: A typical prerequisite for connection failure is heat/sparks. This is fraught with burnout of the core/metal contacts.

How to check the spark plug wires of a VAZ 2112 with a multimeter

Before checking with a multimeter, it is worth conducting a visual inspection of the high-voltage line yourself for insulation damage, melting or chips.

Expert advice: Frequent causes of cable breakdowns are careless repairs or contact with hot motor parts. The cause may also be contact with active chemical elements on the insulation.

It is necessary to pay special attention to the contact part of high-voltage wires; they should not show signs of soot and oxidation. During inspection, you can also check for breaks in the high-voltage cable. To check, you need to start the engine and look at the high-voltage line. Sparks will jump at the rupture points.

Checking armored wires with a multimeter

The main problem with wiring is considered to be a problem with the spark plugs due to insufficient voltage. The cause of this malfunction may be:

• broken wires inside the insulation;
• voltage leakage due to poor insulation quality;
• cable resistance is higher than permissible;
• absence or poor contact between spark plugs and high-voltage lines.

In a ruptured high-voltage cable, an electrical discharge occurs, which causes voltage loss. As a result, it is no longer the rated voltage that is supplied to the spark plug, but an electromagnetic pulse.

Malfunctions of high-voltage wires (common problems):

As a rule, the malfunction boils down to the fact that current either does not flow to the spark plug at all, or it does, but in limited quantities. This can happen for the following reasons:

• There has been a break in the conductor through which the impulse travels.
• There is a current leak, that is, the insulation is damaged and the current flows to the side.
• The resistance exceeds the permissible value.
• Problems in contacts (with a spark plug or ignition coil).

In the event of a break in the current-carrying wire, the effect of an internal spark occurs, in other words, an electrical discharge is formed between the ends of the broken wire, which reduces the voltage and causes an electromagnetic parasitic pulse. This impulse, in turn, negatively affects the correct operation of many of the vehicle's sensors. One such damaged high-voltage wire can cause vibration and interruptions in engine operation. Due to a damaged high-voltage wire, ignition in the cylinder occurs late or every other time, as a result, the synchronous operation of the cylinders and the engine as a whole is disrupted.

Video: How to check the armored wires of a VAZ 2112 with a multimeter

If there is a large variation, replace the wires. By the way, they are changed as a set, that is, all together. In conclusion, your resistance reading of the most popular high-voltage wires:

• Tesla - 6 kOhm
• Slon - from 4 kOhm to 7 kOhm (4 kOhm - 1st cylinder and up to 7 kOhm - on the last cylinder)
• ProSport - almost zero resistance
• Cargen - 0.9 kOhm

Note! The resistance of high-voltage wires varies depending on the length, thickness, and material from which the wires are made.

Checking with a multimeter

The gap and resistance measurement R can be determined with a multimeter. Before use, you need to switch it to ohmmeter mode with a value of 20 kOhm. Next, disconnect the cable from both sides and touch the opposite ends with the probes. The resistance should be 500–3000 Ohms, not higher than 20 kOhms. This value largely depends on the length of the cord.

The device can measure R of the current-carrying conductor and insulation, but if in the first case even the simplest device is suitable, then in the second only a rather expensive megohmmeter can cope, since the insulation resistance is very high; such measurements are not made with ordinary multimeters.

In operating condition, the central conductor will have a resistance from 0 to several kOhms.

Do-it-yourself replacement of armored wires on a VAZ 2112

1 – tip of the wire of the first cylinder; 2 – tip of the wire of the second cylinder; 3 – tip of the wire of the third cylinder; 4 – plastic bracket securing the high-voltage wire of the third cylinder; 5 – ignition module; 6 – tip of the wire of the fourth cylinder; 7 – plastic bracket for fastening high-voltage wires of the first, second and fourth cylinders

In order to replace the armor wires of a VAZ 2112, you must perform the following procedure:

1. We prepare the car for work (see “Preparing the car for maintenance and repair”) and turn off the ignition.
2. Remove the engine decorative trim.

3. Remove the wire tip from the spark plug well.
4. Disconnect the other end of the high-voltage wire from the ignition module.
5. Remove the wire from the first cylinder.

6. Similarly, we remove the high-voltage wires of other engine cylinders.

High voltage wires are not interchangeable. The wires must be connected to the ignition module in accordance with the cylinder serial number

Connection diagram of VAZ 2112 armored wires to the ignition coil

Injection VAZ produced before 2004 with an old-style ignition module (4-pin low-voltage connector)

Actually, on the module body it is already indicated which cylinder the pins correspond to - but we duplicated them in red in case the module gets completely dirty, and you might not be able to see it in the photo.

Injection VAZ produced after 2004 with a new ignition coil (3-pin low-voltage connector)

As with the old-style ignition modules, the new coils are also marked with pins corresponding to the cylinders. But the connection order is different from the order on the old-style ignition module. Be careful.