Spark plug wrench - what is it, what does it look like, what are the options?

Any replacement of any machine parts cannot be carried out without a special device. All those car owners who have at least once tried to remove the spark plugs in their car know this. To make this work easier and more convenient, a special tool was created - a spark plug wrench.

Generator spark plug wrench size

A spark plug wrench is a hand tool designed to remove spark plugs and rims.
Spark plug wrench sizes are measured by thread diameter.

A modern spark plug wrench is a tube with a special rubberized T-shaped handle and a hex head at the end, which are connected by hinges.

The head size (medium, normal or reduced) is selected depending on the type of candle being screwed on. Some sockets may have a fixed torque.

Spark plug wrenches are made of carbon or chrome-vanadium steel; to increase protection against corrosion, the tool is chrome-plated or phosphated.

The key parameter of these keys is the head diameter (D), which is:

• 16 (mm) and 14 (mm): used for modern internal combustion engines with 3 or 4 valves per cylinder;
• 19 (mm): for motorcycle engines;
• 20.8 (mm): old European standard;
• 22 (mm): for spark plugs of old-style ZIL and ZIS cars;
• 24 (mm): for M8 spark plugs with M18x1.5 (mm) thread.

Important: the length of spark plug keys (L) varies on average from 220 (mm) to 500 (mm), width (B) - from 93 (mm) to 260 (mm).

The 21st key is the standard 20.8 (mm) spark plug key, which is used on engines with two valves per cylinder. This key is considered the main one for almost all Soviet passenger cars.

Disclaimer: The above data are official figures, however please note that the information is for reference only and is not guaranteed to be completely accurate.

Comments. Have questions? We will answer everything.

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Kinds

There are a lot of types of wrenches, but not all of them are widely used in everyday life. A significant part of the varieties of such tools is used in special industries or in a professional environment. Therefore, we will describe only the main varieties of this tool.

Carob

The most common type of wrench. They got their name because their ends actually resemble animal horns. The open-end wrench has an open U-shaped mouth, its working profile covers the part from 2 or 3 sides.

The distance between the jaws at the two ends is different, which allows you to use one tool when working with nuts of different sizes. For better transmission of torque and increased range of use in hard-to-reach places, the axes of the open-end wrench heads are deviated by 15 °C relative to the longitudinal axis of the handle.

Carob one-sided

Single-sided open-end wrenches are quite rare in everyday life - they are usually used in production. To increase the torque, a pipe can be placed on the free end of the tool. Typically, such a tool has a large size between the jaws - from 36 to 65 mm.

Cap (ring)

Spanners have a working profile in the form of a closed ring with 6 or 12 edges.
Thanks to this design, a large contact area is achieved - the profile completely fits the working surface of the part, so it does not come off its edges. Typically, ring wrenches are double-sided with rings of different sizes within close ranges. A tool of this design is more convenient to use than an open-end wrench, since it can be rotated without lifting it from the part, without moving the jaw or intercepting the handle. Due to their smaller size, they are more convenient to store and transport.

The main disadvantage of the classic double-sided socket wrench is the difficulty of working in hard-to-reach places, since rotation requires free space.

In addition to double-sided ring wrenches, the following types of tools are available:

• Single-ended - a tube can be placed on the other end to increase torque.
• Curved - allow you to work in places with limited space.

• Impact sockets - allow you to tighten a part more strongly or, conversely, unscrew a rusty nut (much thicker than usual).
• With ratchet - also used when working in hard-to-reach places.

Combined

Combination wrenches are a design with two different ends: one open-end type and the other ring type. The working profiles of such a tool are used in various conditions, when it is convenient - a ring, in conditions of limited space - a horn jaw. Combination wrenches are always made with ends of the same size, for example, 13*13, 15*15, etc. There are varieties of combination wrenches with other tips, for example, open end and socket, but they are less common than the classic version.

End

Socket wrenches are used in specific conditions, most often in recesses when the nut is deeply recessed relative to the surface, which does not allow the use of conventional open-end or ring tools.
They are a tube whose inner surface of the edges has a hexagonal shape. There are two types:

• Direct

To impart torque, a perpendicularly located lever is used, inserted into the hole of the tool, for example, a screwdriver.

• Curved

They have an L-shape or T-shape, allowing rotation without the use of additional devices.
Expert opinion

Torsunov Pavel Maksimovich

Socket wrenches have a small torque, so they have received limited distribution. Quite often they are used when servicing cars; typical representatives of this type of tool are spark plugs, balloon wrenches, and cardan wrenches. The end tool can also be produced in various modifications: with a ratchet mechanism for easier access, in combined versions (cross barrels).

Adjustable

Adjustable wrenches are a modification of open-end wrenches that have variable dimensions due to changing the distance between the jaws of the ends. In Russia, keys of the Swedish type are most widespread; instruments of the American and French types are also widespread throughout the world.

The upper jaw of such a tool is usually fixed, the lower one is movable. The distance between them is adjusted via a worm gear. The tool is first applied to the part, after which the lower jaw is fixed in the desired position by rotating the worm gear.

Adjustable wrenches are universal - one tool can replace several open-end wrenches of similar dimensions. They also come in different sizes, the range of application is indicated on the handle of the tool. Another plus is the ability to work with nuts of non-standard sizes.

However, such keys are not without their drawbacks:

• Large head size, which affects ease of storage and transportation.
• A small amount of torque due to the presence of irremovable play between the jaws due to the mobility of the lower one.

It will not be possible to unscrew a tightly screwed nut with such a tool. Therefore, adjustable wrenches are usually used for low-intensity work and at home. Such a tool is poorly suited for professional work.

Pipe (gas)

A pipe wrench is considered one of the options for an adjustable wrench: it also has one fixed jaw and one movable jaw, adjustable using a screw gear. The main difference from the adjustable one is that the gas one has special notches on the inner surface of the jaws, which allow them to cover and hold the round surfaces of the pipes. It is also distinguished by the presence of a screw type transmission rather than a worm type.

In everyday life, pipe wrenches are often called plumbing or gas wrenches, since they are most often used to work with plumbing or gas pipes. Primarily, a tool of this type is intended for fixing and rotating pipes, however, due to its versatility, it can still be used when working with parts of any shape.

Expert opinion

Torsunov Pavel Maksimovich

Pipe wrenches do not require a hex nut profile and are capable of working with rounded parts. The torque of pipe wrenches is less than that of box wrenches. Another disadvantage of the tool is the possibility of damage to the working surface of the part due to the high pressure of the jaws on the metal. In general, gas wrenches are a rather crude tool, not intended for fine work.

Hexagons

The hexagonal (inbus) key is male, that is, in order to rotate it, it is placed in the slot of the part.
Hexagons are a steel rod that is L-shaped to facilitate rotation. The working profile is a head in the shape of a regular hexagon. Typically, hexagons are used when assembling/disassembling furniture; their head fits the slot of a confirmat (furniture self-tapping screw with a blunt end), which is used to connect wood parts (chipboard, MDF, solid wood, etc.). Hex sockets range in size from 1.5 to 24 mm and are usually sold in sets.

Star (Torx)

A variation of a male wrench with an asterisk (Torx) end. A popular format abroad, which has become widespread in Russia. The only difference from other male wrenches is the shape of the head, which is a six-pointed star (Torx format).

Typically, Torx is used in the repair of household appliances, mobile phones, and cars. They are marked with the index T with a number indicating the dimension. The smallest sizes (T5, T6) are found exclusively in cell phone repair kits. The maximum size is T50, which is equal to 8.83 mm.

Special

Non-sparking wrench.
Special wrenches have design and/or application features that sharply distinguish them from the main array of tools for tightening threaded connections. They are usually used in special types of production or for maintenance and repair of certain types of equipment.

In particular, special keys include:

• Intrinsically safe - made of steel with the addition of an alloying additive (aluminum or beryllium), used in industries with explosive atmospheres and does not produce a spark when dropped and in contact with metal.
• Ear-shaped - used for working with non-standard shaped bolts.

• Carriage type - designed for loosening round carriage-type nuts (with slots in the end part or holes).
• Extractors are tools for unscrewing damaged parts (nuts with worn edges, bolts with torn heads, etc.).

The familiar bicycle “family tools” are also special - tools with a combination of hexagonal holes and two carriage recesses.

What is a spark plug wrench?

Experienced drivers can easily cope with minor repairs, for example, replacing car spark plugs, but beginners do not always know how to do this. To quickly and efficiently remove and then install spark plugs, use a device such as a spark plug wrench - this is the most convenient and reliable tool. Its special design is specifically designed to work in confined spaces under the hood of a car. Such a tool is made from vanadium or carbon steel, subjected to hardening and chrome plating.

What does a spark plug key look like?

This device is a long metal key. On one side, the tool for replacing spark plugs has a handle, and on the other, a multifaceted tubular cylinder, inside of which there is a spark plug retainer. This design ensures unhindered rotation of the part. There are three types of clamps:

1. Rubber
   . This is a round insert with a hole inside, which, when working under pressure, captures the spark plug and holds it inside the key. However, when exposed to high temperatures, rubber quickly becomes unusable.
2. Magnetic
   . It has increased wear resistance. A spark plug wrench with a magnet is not afraid of high temperatures.
3. Spring
   . This retainer plays the role of a shock absorber, protecting the spark plug from damage. It is durable and easy to put on and take off the candle.

Removing old parts

It is important to follow the following steps:

How to remove spark plugs

It is necessary to pull the wire terminal from the power unit. The wire is grabbed as close to the connector as possible. The procedure is performed extremely carefully. The task is to remove the terminal. Under no circumstances should you pull the wire when removing it from the plug. This way you can cause serious damage to him.

A socket wrench is placed on the part being removed. To unscrew the part from the body, use the ratchet. All these actions are performed slowly and very carefully.

When checking here, it is worth making sure whether the plugs need to be replaced. This is easy to find out: one part from the whole set is removed and carefully studied. Its gap and the condition of the contacts are inspected. If contact burnout is detected, you will have to urgently purchase new plugs. Burnt-out plugs are removed one at a time, one at a time. It is important to discover their positions.

The correct operation of spark sources is carried out in a certain algorithm. And if the wires are connected incorrectly, the engine will function with serious interruptions. And eventually it may fail.

When replacing more than one part, pay special attention to the wires . They can be marked with a marker or small pieces of electrical tape. Both the spark plug and each wire are designated in this way even before the replacement procedure. This way you will prevent negative consequences and incorrect connection of these components.

If such a connector cannot be removed with bare hands, then a special puller will help solve this dilemma.

Puller

This operation is performed very carefully. The thread must not be damaged.

Stage two. Extraction

The part to be replaced is removed. This action uses a special wrench with an attachment. It rotates counterclockwise. Huge efforts are not required here. You should not pull the candle out of its position. This will only ruin the thread. These manipulations are also performed extremely carefully. If there are difficulties, you can rotate clockwise and then counterclockwise again.

Stage three. Cleaning

This is where the spark plug hole is cleaned. Cleaning is mandatory even before installing new spark plugs. Use technical alcohol and the same rag again. And only after the dirt has been completely eliminated from the threads can you proceed to further actions.

The electrodes are carefully inspected for carbon deposits. In certain cases, spark plugs may not operate stably due to dirt accumulations between the electrodes.

If the side of the spark plug that is placed inside the engine is covered with oil, it means that the piston and oil rings are worn out. In this situation, resort to the services of specialists from the service. If these parts are in normal condition, then their color is brownish.

What types of spark plug wrenches are there?

To make it easier for the master to decide which spark plug wrench is better, you need to familiarize yourself with all their varieties that are on sale:

1. Articulated
   . This is the most popular device, which is very convenient to use, since the movable connection of the key on hinges allows you to better adapt to the location of the candle. A tubular spark plug wrench carefully dismantles the element and helps install a new one.

2. T-shaped
   . Its design is more rigid than the previous type. And although it also has a hinge, it is installed at a slight angle of inclination. Due to its rigidity and strength, such a spark plug wrench can transmit great forces during operation. Many models are equipped with a magnet that keeps the candle from falling.

3. Tubular
   . This is the simplest and most budget option. There is no hinge in this way, but it is driven by a simple crank that comes with it. The advantage of this device is the presence of two heads that have different diameters. This makes the tubular spark plug wrench more functional and versatile.

Spark plug size

To tighten the candles, use wrenches that differ in thread diameter. There are long and short spark plug keys. Depending on the situation, the master may need keys of the following sizes:

1. 14 and 16 mm
   - they are used for repairing internal combustion engines of modern brands.
2. 19 mm
   – used for motorcycle engines.
3. 20.8 (21 mm)
   - standard key of the old European standard. Used in the repair of engines with two valves per cylinder. This model is useful for any Soviet passenger cars.
4. 22 mm
   - used to replace old spark plugs on ZIS and ZIL vehicles.
5. 24 mm
   - keys intended for spark plugs of the M8 brand.

Straight

In the past, a very popular type of tool, but today they are increasingly being replaced by prefabricated devices (heads, extensions, adapters, etc.). But at the same time, at various points they still remain a convenient tool. In most cases, such a tool is double-sided, but there are options with a working profile on one side, used specifically for replacing spark plugs. A model with two working profiles on both sides usually has profiles of different sizes, usually adjacent values ​​in the size range. Small-sized models (8 mm x 10 mm) are widely used. Such keys have a fairly cheap price. A socket wrench and socket heads, unlike this type of wrench, do not have an internal passage part in the body, into which not only a pin can fit, but also the upper part of a sensor, spark plugs, etc. Also, each model in its design has a hole for the drive, usually for a knob. We recommend using special wrenches.

How to use a spark plug wrench?

The need to replace spark plugs can arise at any time and anywhere, and neither expensive nor cheap cars are immune from this. It should be remembered that spark plugs can only be changed when the engine is cool. Otherwise, you can break the thread that is in the spark plug hole. Replacement using a key occurs in the following order:

1. We select a car spark plug wrench that matches the size of the spark plugs.
2. We put the head of the key on the spark plug, making sure that it fits tightly (this is especially true for devices with a rubber retainer).
3. Holding the key handle, we make 2-3 turns counterclockwise with smooth, leisurely movements and without excessive effort. If a slight grinding noise is heard, it means the spark plug is moving.
4. Manually unscrew the spark plug all the way.
5. When installing spark plugs into the cylinder block, we carry out all the steps in the reverse order.

Checking and replacing the ignition coil

On rear-wheel drive cars of the classic family with a carburetor engine, the ignition coil (in automotive circles it is often called a “bobbin”) is installed in the engine compartment on the left mudguard and secured with two nuts.

On later injection versions, an ignition module is installed, mounted on the cylinder block.

Before deciding to replace the coil, you should make sure that it is not working, otherwise the repair may be useless and money will be wasted.

Verification methods

The simplest method, which does not require special equipment, but is unsafe. Remove the central high-voltage wire and crank the engine by turning the ignition key. At the same time, we lean the removed wire against ground or the car body. If there is a spark, then the coil is ok. An assistant may be needed for this operation.

The second method, which is also more accurate, is to measure the resistance of the coil windings using a multimeter measuring device or “popularly” using a tester.

Measuring ignition coil resistance

We clean the coil contacts (studs on the body). The first check is the resistance of the primary winding. To do this, connect an ohmmeter to two studs and take measurements. Depending on the type of coil being tested, the resistance should be within the following limits: coil 2101-2107 B-117A = 3-3.5 Ohm; coil 2108-099 027.3705 = 0.45-0.5 Ohm.

Then we check the resistance in the secondary winding circuit. We connect one terminal of the tester to the central terminal of the high-voltage wire, and leave the second terminal of the probe at the terminal of the primary winding. In this case, the resistance of the working coil should be as follows: B-117A = 7.4-9.2 kOhm; 027.3705 = about 5 kOhm.

Replacement with a new one

To replace the ignition coil (bobbin) of a VAZ 2107, you must do the following:

1. We remove the high-voltage wire from the coil cover.

2. Using a size 8 wrench, unscrew the nut from the terminal marked “B” on the coil cover and remove the ends of the green and brown wires. To avoid losing small nuts, we recommend putting them in place.
3. Similarly, disconnect the blue wire with a black stripe from the terminal marked with the letter “K”.
4. If the colors of the wires turn out to be different, and this is possible, mark their position before disconnecting. From terminal “B” the wire is laid in the wiring harness, from terminal “K” - one is connected to the terminal of the ignition distributor, the second goes into the harness.
5. Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the coil mounting nuts three to four turns.
6. We remove it from the car.

We install the new coil in the reverse order, observing the written order of connecting the wires.

Models and manufacturers

There are several models of ignition coils on the shelves of car dealerships. For “classics” (2101-2107) - B-117A, and for VAZ cars of the eighth family (2108-21099) - 027.3705.

Basically, all reels are of domestic production, manufacturing companies: ATE-2, Citron, Stary Oskol. According to numerous reviews, coils from Stary Oskol are considered to be the highest quality.

How to unscrew a spark plug without a spark plug wrench?

Motorists often encounter a situation where the key for the spark plugs is missing. In this case, you can do this:

1. Pour any universal lubricant onto the spark plug, for example WD-40. Wait 20-30 minutes.
2. Gently tap the candle with a small hammer.
3. Try to unscrew it, and to enhance the rotational movement, use an additional device - a wrench.

Source

Second stage. Preparation of tools

Having found out the positions and types of spark plugs installed in your car, you should prepare a certain set of tools for the job. It is quite modest: new working parts and a socket wrench. The key must have a screw-out attachment.

In years past, a special probe was still needed. With its help, the distance between the electrodes was calculated. How to change spark plugs today? Most models have built-in elements with an already marked gap. This option is available today for all new spark sources for cars. The work can be greatly facilitated by placing the following components near the machine:

• container with technical alcohol,
• dry rag
• a small canister filled with air.

How to replace a spark plug on a gasoline generator

How to replace a spark plug

gasoline generator? This question worries many users, the main thing is not to forget that it also requires constant care. To prolong the high-quality operation of the equipment and not stop the work process, you should regularly change the spark plug or clean it from any carbon deposits that have formed. It’s not just the spark plug that can cause a malfunction; there are many preventive measures. But it is a clogged spark plug that is one of the main reasons for the unit stopping.

Professional craftsmen always recommend buying only high-quality candles and never skimping on such an important detail. To be one hundred percent sure that you are buying a good product, you need to choose reliable and well-known manufacturers. In addition, if you do not know the size of the spark plug and its features, then before purchasing, be sure to unscrew it from your device and take it with you to the store so that the seller can pick up exactly the same one.

Let's first look at how often you should check the condition of the candle:

1. For gasoline equipment whose power does not exceed 2 kW, the spark plug should be checked every fifty operating hours. But if you have not used this watch for a year, then be sure to look at it after this time and, if necessary, replace it.
2. For designs whose power ranges from 2 kW to 10 kW, you can check the spark plug once a year or after the engine has operated for more than one hundred hours.
3. If you have a unit with a power of more than 10 kilowatts, then you need to check the condition of the spark plug and replace it every 6 months or after the unit has fully worked for one hundred hours.

Source

Stages of replacing spark plugs on a VAZ 2107

On classic Lada cars or the more familiar Zhiguli, a convenient replacement of spark plugs is provided. They are located in good accessibility on the left side of the engine in the direction of travel; they can be reached from the engine compartment.

During the production of the VAZ 2107, a large number of modifications were produced, which were equipped with various engines. Experienced drivers note good maintainability, unpretentiousness in maintenance, as well as consumables.

There are no global differences in versions with different engine sizes when replacing, all actions will be almost the same.

Before you begin replacing the ignition elements, you must take precautions. And in order to make it easier to screw in and subsequently unscrew the spark plug, you can apply a little graphite from a soft pencil to the threads or a little copper grease. But oil or regular grease will cause the spark plug to stick to the threads of the cylinder head.

Removing old ones

The procedure for replacing spark plugs on a VAZ 2107 is very simple and even a beginner who has never looked under the hood of his car can handle it. To carry out this repair, we will need a spark plug wrench or a special socket with a wrench.

1. First of all, open the hood of your car and remove the high-voltage wires from each spark plug.
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2. After this, take a 21 key or socket and unscrew the spark plugs one by one.

3. We pay attention to the appearance of the electrodes, the formation of soot and all kinds of deposits, as well as the gap between the electrodes.

In order for the engine to run perfectly with new spark plugs, it is necessary to correctly set the gap between the electrodes. How to do this is described below.

When installing new spark plugs, it is recommended not to be overzealous with the tightening force, otherwise you can strip the threads on the block, which will lead to expensive repairs.

Ideally, if you have a torque wrench, in this case the recommended tightening torque is 20-30 Nm.

Checking the gap

Most car owners do not even know that the size of the gap between the side and central electrodes of the spark plugs affects many engine parameters.

1. Firstly, if the spark plug gap is set incorrectly, then the VAZ 2107 will not start as well as with optimal parameters.
2. Secondly, the dynamic characteristics will become much worse, since the mixture will not ignite correctly and will not all burn out.
3. And the consequence of the second point is an increase in fuel consumption, which will affect not only engine parameters but also the wallet of VAZ 2107 owners.

What should be the gap on VAZ 2107 spark plugs?

Due to the fact that “classic” models use both contact and non-contact ignition systems, the gap is set in accordance with the installed spark generation system.

• If you have a distributor with contacts installed, then the gap between the electrodes should be within 0.5-0.6 mm.
• In the case of installed electronic ignition, the spark plug gap will be 0.7-0.8 mm.

How to correctly set the gap between spark plug electrodes on a VAZ 2107

In order to adjust the gap, we need a set of feeler gauges with plates of the required thickness. The gap is measured with a flat feeler gauge; in spark plugs with several side electrodes - with a round one.

Then we select the required thickness of the probe for your ignition system and insert it between the side and central electrodes of the spark plug. The probe should fit tightly, but not with great force.

We carry out a similar operation with the remaining candles. We screw everything into place and are satisfied with the excellent operation of the engine.

Spark plug wrench - what is it, what does it look like, what are the options?

All modern spark plugs, regardless of which company they are manufactured by or what features they have (for example, spark plugs with platinum elements), have a completely identical device.

Spark plugs VAZ 2114

They include components:

• contact nut for high voltage wires;
• insulator (heat-resistant ceramic);
• a faceted metal insert on the insulator, used for unscrewing the spark plug with a key;
• sealing ring;
• lateral contact;
• central contact.

Spark plug design
There should always be a working gap between the last two elements (for injectors - about 1 mm) - in this gap a high-voltage spark will jump, igniting the working mixture in the cylinder (a separate spark plug is installed for each engine cylinder).

As for the period after which it is necessary to replace spark plugs on a VAZ 2114, it is: about 10 thousand km for simple budget-level spark plugs, about 15-25 thousand km for simple spark plugs from “branded” manufacturers, about 70- 100 thousand km for platinum/iridium spark plugs.

Briefly about the essence of how spark plugs work

A spark plug is an ignition element designed to create a spark that ignites the combustible mixture under the cylinder piston . Their number is determined by the number of cylinders in the internal combustion engine block.

They are a nickel body with a ceramic insulator, inside of which there is a contact rod. Their synchronous operation is achieved by replacing the entire set, that is, 4 pieces. It is advisable that they be of the same brand and manufacturer.

What is a spark plug wrench?

Experienced drivers can easily cope with minor repairs, for example, replacing car spark plugs, but beginners do not always know how to do this. To quickly and efficiently remove and then install spark plugs, use a device such as a spark plug wrench - this is the most convenient and reliable tool. Its special design is specifically designed to work in confined spaces under the hood of a car. Such a tool is made from vanadium or carbon steel, subjected to hardening and chrome plating.

What does a spark plug key look like?

This device is a long metal key. On one side, the tool for replacing spark plugs has a handle, and on the other, a multifaceted tubular cylinder, inside of which there is a spark plug retainer. This design ensures unhindered rotation of the part. There are three types of clamps:

1. Rubber
   . This is a round insert with a hole inside, which, when working under pressure, captures the spark plug and holds it inside the key. However, when exposed to high temperatures, rubber quickly becomes unusable.
2. Magnetic
   . It has increased wear resistance. A spark plug wrench with a magnet is not afraid of high temperatures.
3. Spring-loaded
   . This retainer plays the role of a shock absorber, protecting the spark plug from damage. It is durable and easy to put on and take off the candle.

Installation of new products

Today, as a rule, the following types of candles are presented in sales:

1. Platinum products.
2. Iridium products.
3. Yttrium products.

Types of spark plugs

It is very important to replace the spark plugs correctly. There are many combinations and parameters. Their price range: 200 – 800 rubles. The materials used are different. Versions made from precious metals are much more expensive than versions made from standard materials. Reason: such coatings are much more resistant to wear. If you have any doubts about the choice of candles, contact the seller for advice.

It is advisable to purchase candles with parameters and threads similar to those of the products being replaced. You should not purchase candles with smaller parameters. The manufacturer specifically specified these dimensions. And stick to these values. Consulting with a specialist will help you make sure that the chosen option is correct. Don't be lazy to spend a few minutes on this. Otherwise, you will soon have to solve new dilemmas.

As a rule, spark plugs are purchased whose gap is fixed or adjustable. If you need to constantly check your candles and make some adjustments to them, you should opt for the second option. With this choice, you will get controlled contacts. First, make sure that the gap is optimal for your car. To do this, you need to carry out an independent check: the candles are taken out of the packaging, checked, and this parameter is measured.

Replacement problems

It is worth noting that some problems may arise during replacement. For example, an old part may be damaged. In this case, you need to figure out how to unscrew the broken spark plug. This can be done using drilling. This is a rather labor-intensive procedure, and it should be entrusted to the specialists of a car service center. They know exactly how to remove a broken spark plug and can do it correctly.

It is also important to install a repaired spark plug when the thread was previously torn off. If the candle has retained its functionality, but the thread is torn off, then a screwdriver or a foot for the candle will help correct the situation. The screwdriver allows you to install a working part into the socket. It is important that the screwdriver has a diameter suitable for the specific part.

Appearance of the screwdriver

During repair work, the screwdriver is installed in the head. The screwdriver assumes there is space for installing the spark plug. Once the screw is installed correctly, you can screw the spark plug into it. At the same time, the screwdriver allows for the correct installation of the part in a new place for it. Thus, the screwdriver will help correct the situation in case of a broken thread.

If the ignition elements are stuck, you can solve the problem in different ways. With the first of them, dismantling the head is not required, with the second, the head is removed, after which the spark plug is drilled out. Such approaches will solve the problem if the parts have become stuck.

Progress

Before carrying out any work, you need to make sure that the engine has already cooled down. When replacing spark plugs, you should first remove the wire cap from the spark plug insulator. To make removal easy, it is recommended to swing the cap to the sides, pull it in the upper direction, and then finally remove it and put it to the side.

Next, the spark plug key prepared from the kit must be put on the spark plug. Using slight pressure while moving the part in a counterclockwise direction, it is necessary to unscrew it from the block head. With this approach, the part can be easily unscrewed. After this, you should carefully examine the part itself. Under normal operating conditions there will be no soot or oil marks on it. When replacing, it is recommended to select ignition elements whose characteristics are indicated in the technical manual for the car, for example, ngk.

Standards for sizing parts

After removing the old element, you must carefully screw the new part into the spark plug hole using clockwise turns. Using a spark plug wrench with the required parameters from the kit, screw the part into the block head with little force. It is important to observe the correct tightening torque. Fluctuations in tightening torque can lead to malfunctions, but correctly set torque will avoid problems. Next, you need to put the wire cap on the spark plug insulator.

When installing a new part, for example, ngk, it is necessary to correctly align its gap. This will allow you to make a special probe. The feeler gauge allows you to correctly determine the size of the gap. This is important because increased or decreased clearance will impair the functionality of the part. The probe has a set of hooks in its design. The hooks from the feeler gauge set allow you to correctly measure the gap. The size of the gap between the electrodes is strictly fixed, and the probe helps to determine inconsistencies. After measuring using a feeler gauge, you can adjust the gap as necessary.

What types of spark plug wrenches are there?

To make it easier for the master to decide which spark plug wrench is better, you need to familiarize yourself with all their varieties that are on sale:

Articulated
. This is the most popular device, which is very convenient to use, since the movable connection of the key on hinges allows you to better adapt to the location of the candle. A tubular spark plug wrench carefully dismantles the element and helps install a new one.

T-shaped

. Its design is more rigid than the previous type. And although it also has a hinge, it is installed at a slight angle of inclination. Due to its rigidity and strength, such a spark plug wrench can transmit great forces during operation. Many models are equipped with a magnet that keeps the candle from falling.

Tubular

. This is the simplest and most budget option. There is no hinge in this way, but it is driven by a simple crank that comes with it. The advantage of this device is the presence of two heads that have different diameters. This makes the tubular spark plug wrench more functional and versatile.

Spark plug size

To tighten the candles, use wrenches that differ in thread diameter. There are long and short spark plug keys. Depending on the situation, the master may need keys of the following sizes:

1. 14 and 16 mm
   - they are used for repairing internal combustion engines of modern brands.
2. 19 mm
   – used for motorcycle engines.
3. 20.8 (21 mm)
   - standard key of the old European standard. Used in the repair of engines with two valves per cylinder. This model is useful for any Soviet passenger cars.
4. 22 mm
   - used to replace old spark plugs on ZIS and ZIL vehicles.
5. 24 mm
   - keys intended for spark plugs of the M8 brand.

Angular

When creating an assortment of such models, there are: domestic and foreign approaches. The first type of model (domestic), often called “humpbacked”, has profiles of different sizes on both sides of the tool, such as an open-end wrench. At the same time, the length of the sides hardly differs, and there is simply no passage cavity.

The foreign approach is that keys are made with the same profile sizes on both sides. In this case, the long and short sides of the key are clearly drawn. The short part of the tool in most cases has a through hole, which allows this side to be used for working with fastening joints on long studs. As a rule, working profiles differ in the number of edges; twelve-sided is often used on the short side, and hex-sided on the long side of the key. The picture shows the use of this model in hard-to-reach places.

Tips for replacing spark plugs

In addition to the above rules for replacing spark plugs, several more important recommendations should be mentioned. So, we have already told you what kind of spark plug wrench is needed for the VAZ 2114, but it’s worth adding that a torque wrench would still be ideal. It is worth tightening the spark plugs using it with a force of up to 20 N/m - this is the optimal force that securely holds the spark plugs in the socket and does not damage the threads.

Unscrewing the spark plug

The second tip is to check the spark plugs for manufacturing defects. So, if after installing a new kit the engine runs poorly and with extraneous noise, then one of the spark plugs is faulty. You can find out which one you have by disconnecting the armor wires one by one while the engine is running, and then connecting them back. During this procedure, the sound of the engine will change when the good spark plugs are disconnected, and will remain unchanged only when the wire from the defective spark plug is disconnected.

Replacing spark plugs on a VAZ 2107

Replacing spark plugs on a VAZ 2107 is a fairly simple procedure. Also, these instructions are suitable for other Vases, from a penny to a seven. According to the regulations, replacement of spark plugs must be done on average after 30 thousand km... But this regulation is relative. It all depends on the nature of the car’s operation, as well as on the quality of the spark plugs themselves. There have been cases when an engine could run 90 thousand km on one set of spark plugs.

It is also worth paying attention to the spark plug contact gap, it should be:

• For injectors - 1.1 mm;
• For carburetors - 0.8 mm;

To replace spark plugs you only need: a new set of spark plugs and a special spark plug wrench.

Replacing spark plugs is necessary when: the threads are wet (gasoline, oil), the rim of the spark plug is covered with black spotted soot. Read more about faults and the design of spark plugs in our blog.

Also, if the candles have changed color: darkened, spots have appeared, this indicates a malfunction.

So, let's get to work. First of all, open the hood of your car and remove the high-voltage wires from each spark plug.

After this, take the key or head and unscrew the spark plugs one by one.

We pay attention to the appearance of the electrodes, the formation of soot and all kinds of deposits, as well as the gap between the electrodes.

We put all the wires back on and start the engine. If the components were purchased of high quality, then everything should be fine and for at least another 30-40 thousand you don’t have to look under the hood about this.

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How to use a spark plug wrench?

The need to replace spark plugs can arise at any time and anywhere, and neither expensive nor cheap cars are immune from this. It should be remembered that spark plugs can only be changed when the engine is cool. Otherwise, you can break the thread that is in the spark plug hole. Replacement using a key occurs in the following order:

1. We select a car spark plug wrench that matches the size of the spark plugs.
2. We put the head of the key on the spark plug, making sure that it fits tightly (this is especially true for devices with a rubber retainer).
3. Holding the key handle, we make 2-3 turns counterclockwise with smooth, leisurely movements and without excessive effort. If a slight grinding noise is heard, it means the spark plug is moving.
4. Manually unscrew the spark plug all the way.
5. When installing spark plugs into the cylinder block, we carry out all the steps in the reverse order.

Setting the ignition on a VAZ 2107

Before starting work, put the car on the parking brake and install wheel chocks under the rear wheels. Remember that during any repair work, these preparatory operations are mandatory from the point of view of ensuring safety precautions, which cannot be ignored.

Next, the ignition installation of the VAZ 2107 looks like this:

1. Using a spark plug wrench, unscrew the spark plug of the first cylinder of the power unit, and then plug the hole with a suitable plug or finger.

2. Using a special 38mm wrench, rotate the crankshaft until the compression stroke begins in the first cylinder. Evidence of this will be a plug popping out of the spark plug hole. If you closed the hole with your finger, then you should feel quite strong pressure.

3. We turn the engine crankshaft until the mark on the pulley coincides with the corresponding mark on the timing cover. If you most often use AI 92 fuel, you should achieve a match with the second risk; if you use gasoline with a lower octane number, use a third (long) line.
4. Carefully unfasten the latches of the plastic distributor cover and remove it.

5. After cranking the crankshaft, the distributor rotor should be positioned so that its outer contact is in the direction of the first cylinder of the engine. In the event that the direction is incorrect: - unscrew the distributor mount and, gradually rotating the rotor axis, set it so that its direction is parallel to the engine; — tighten the fastening nut (do not tighten it completely).
6. We connect a 12 V lamp (voltmeter): we connect one wire to the ignition coil terminal (low voltage terminal), and the second to ground.
7. Turn on the ignition and gradually turn the distributor to the right. The distributor should be turned until the connected lamp stops lighting. If the lamp does not light up after turning on the ignition, then the described operation is not necessary.
8. We rotate the distributor to the right side and at the moment at which the lamp begins to glow, we tighten the fastening nut completely.
9. We are installing the distributor cover.

Signs that it's time to replace spark plugs

The above figures are approximate and should not be strictly adhered to. Sometimes even a simple candle can last longer than its allotted time, but a “branded” one may turn out to be of poor quality and quickly fail.

Incorrect “minor repairs” of flooded spark plugs by calcination or cleaning using coarse sandpaper also greatly reduce the service life.

Taking all this into account, replacing spark plugs with new ones should be done not according to some digital indicators, but guided by the following signs of their wear:

• the color of the electrodes is different from brown and does not change after cleaning (white color indicates overheating, black/dark brown indicates problems with fuel combustion);
• there is practically unremovable plaque/carbon deposits on the electrodes;

If at least one (and even more so several) of the above signs are found on the spark plug, then it should be replaced as quickly as possible. In order to do this, you will need a new spark plug and a VAZ 2114 spark plug key (we’ll tell you what kind of key this is below).

When to change spark plugs, which ones to install

If you look at the recommendations of official publishers for repair and operation. Then on the VAZ 2107 the spark plugs must be replaced at least after 30,000 km.

Of course, sticking to this mileage is advisable, but not necessary. After all, you yourself will agree that you will never know how high-quality the candles were purchased and what their actual service life is.

Some copies can travel 100,000 km, and the engine will still work quite well for them. And others, on the contrary, even after the first thousand they will begin to have breakdowns in the ignition, which is not good! Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the candles and change them not only at a strictly defined interval, but also according to their condition.

Foreign and Russian markings

When choosing spark plugs for a VAZ 2107 car, you must be guided by the numerical value indicated on the marking. It denotes the heat value of the element, which characterizes the candle’s ability to remove heat and self-clean from carbon deposits during operation. According to the Russian classification, elements are divided into the following groups:

1. Heat number from 11 to 16 are “hot” candles. They are designed for engines with low compression ratios and low power.
2. The same, from 17 to 19. The most widely used spark plugs, including on VAZ 2107 cars.
3. The same, from 20 to 26 - “cold” spark plugs, installed on powerful engines with a high compression ratio and temperature in the combustion chamber.

If you install too “hot” or “cold” spark plugs on a VAZ 2107 car, the engine will not be able to function in normal mode with maximum efficiency. The letter indices on the marking indicate less important parameters, but they also need to be taken into account.

For example, a product with the designation A17DV is suitable for engines with a carburetor and an ignition system with mechanical contacts, and A17DVRM is suitable for power units with an injector.

Using the table, you can select elements from some foreign brands for our “seven”:

Original and analogues

VAZ 2107 carburetor engines with contact ignition system:

Main characteristics

• Thread type M14/1.25
• Thread length 19 mm
• Heat number 17
• Turnkey for 21
• Thermal housing protrudes beyond the spark plug insulator
• Gap between electrodes 0.5 – 0.7 mm

Installation options

1. A17DV (Russia)
2. A17DVM (Russia)
3. AUTOLITE 14-7D (USA)
4. BERU W7D (Germany)
5. BOSCH W7D (Germany)
6. BRISK L15Y (Czech Republic)
7. CHAMPION N10Y (England)
8. DENSO W20EP (Japan)
9. EYQUEM 707LS (France)
10. MARELLI FL7LP (Italy)
11. NGK BP6E (Japan/France)
12. FINVAL F501 (Germany)
13. HOLA S12 (Netherlands)
14. WEEN 121-1371 (Netherlands/Japan)

VAZ 2107 carburetor engines with a contactless ignition system:

Main characteristics

• Thread type M14/1.25
• Thread length 19 mm
• Heat number 17
• Turnkey for 21
• Thermal housing protrudes beyond the spark plug insulator
• Gap between electrodes 0.7 – 0.8 mm

Installation options

1. A17DV-10 (Russia)
2. A17DVR (Russia)
3. AUTOLITE 64 (USA)
4. BERU 14-7D, 14-7DU, 14R-7DU (Germany)
5. BOSCH W7D, WR7DC, WR7DP (Germany)
6. BRISK L15Y, L15YC, LR15Y (Czech Republic)
7. CHAMPION N10Y, N9Y, N9YC, RN9Y (England)
8. DENSO W20EP, W20EPU, W20EXR (Japan)
9. EYQUEM 707LS, C52LS (France)
10. MARELLI FL7LP, F7LC, FL7LPR (Italy)
11. NGK BP6E, BP6ES, BPR6E (Japan/France)
12. FINVAL F508 (Germany)
13. HOLA S13 (Netherlands)
14. WEEN 121-1378 (Netherlands/Japan)

What does the color of soot indicate?

When inspecting the electrode and thermal cone of the insulator of the old element, you should pay attention to the color of the carbon deposits. If black dry carbon is present, it can be concluded that the engine is being used at low speeds or idling. If the carbon is black in color and has an oily structure, we can talk about wear on the cylinders and piston rings, as well as an excessive oil level in the crankcase. If a part, for example an ngk, is operating under normal conditions, its insulator will be light gray or light brown. There is no soot in this case.

Other nuances

How to change spark plugs correctly? It’s very good if you know what metal your car’s engine is made of. This aspect is quite important when replacing spark plugs. If this unit is aluminum, then before the operation of replacing the spark plugs, it must be warmed up. Without these actions, there is a high risk of thread damage.

The installed elements are tightened carefully. If one of these parts is not tightened, it may soon fly out of the engine. This will happen during its operation. And such a consumable will break the thread.

Make sure the gap is set correctly. Its position affects the operation of the motor.

Incorrect connection of high voltage cables will cause malfunctions of the entire system. Preventive measures here are associated with studying the instructions.

If the candle you purchased is longer than the old product, you should not screw it in. Long threads may contact the piston. And in the process of work it will be damaged.

Never guess with parameters when purchasing. Also, do not place different washers under the spark plugs. In such cases, professional advice or useful information that can be found on the Internet or in the library will help you.

Replacing spark plugs with your own hands is not a difficult task, but it requires a responsible approach.

Replacement time

Failure of a spark plug occurs due to improper operation of the vehicle, incorrect selection of the brand, or poor fuel. As a result, defects appear on the elements, which can be used to identify engine malfunctions.

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