Description of the VAZ 2115 injector, all its pros and cons
The comfortable VAZ 2115 car is the founder of a popular family of domestic cars codenamed Samara-2. Attractive exterior design and extensive technical capabilities contributed to the growth of sales of the VAZ 2115 in the Russian domestic market. Without stopping at the achieved success, the manufacturer modernized the car several times, improving the functional and technical equipment of the VAZ 2115.
Brief instructions for operating the on-board computer
There is no need to memorize all kinds of error codes. It’s best to simply find the designations of all the errors on the Internet, where, by the way, they are freely available, print them out on a piece of paper and carry them with you in the car all the time. And when you see a particular error code on the computer information board, it won’t take you much time to understand what exactly it means, you just need to look at the previously printed list.
By the way, it often happens that the on-board computer issues a danger signal for absolutely no reason. The reason for this may be the on-board computer processor or some sensor that is not working correctly. Remember, no one is immune from electronic errors. Nevertheless, in the vast majority of cases, the VAZ-2115 on-board computer works quite correctly.
We present to your attention the most common error codes with their interpretation:
If the numbers 4, 6 or 8 appear on the car’s on-board computer while driving, you should immediately stop, fix the problem and only then continue driving. But after this you will need to reboot the processor. The error can be reset by simply holding down the daily mileage key for a few seconds.
What is the VAZ 2115
The VAZ 21150 has an adjustable steering column, effective interior heating and an on-board driver warning system about closing the door locks, leaving the ignition key in the lock, the oil and coolant levels in the engine, and extreme wear of the brake pads. The spacious interior of the VAZ 2115 allows you to enjoy any trip.
The VAZ 2115 is equipped with gasoline engines with a displacement of 1.5 liters, both carburetor and with an electronic fuel injection control system with a five-speed manual gearbox. VAZ 21154 provides good handling and stability even on poor road surfaces.
VAZ-2115 became the first-born of the line codenamed “Samara-2”, after the Sputnik/Samara family, which became the most modified model of this family. This fact of modernization is confirmed by the fact that the VAZ-2115 has significantly changed the rear part of the car body. Namely the trunk lid, lighting devices. No similar transformations followed on the VAZ-2113 and VAZ-2114 cars. VAZ-2115 is a restyled model of VAZ-21099. The new model differs from its predecessor in the rounded shape of the hood and front fenders, trunk lid, new front and rear optics, bumpers painted in body color, trunk spoiler with an additional brake light, sill fairings, door moldings, as well as a new interior and upgraded electrical equipment.
Transmission
Also, when inspecting, pay attention to the transmission, which during a test drive should operate without any extraneous sounds or grinding noises. Place special emphasis on reverse gear, which should engage without a crash.
Check whether the clutch pedal is fully depressed. Be sure to pay attention to the operation of the gearbox synchronizers when moving forward, especially in 2nd gear, which most often wears out on these cars (second gear synchronizer).
Exterior of the VAZ 2115 car
Initially, plans to modernize the Samara-2 line included changing not only the exterior of the body and trim, but also improving the suspension, transmission and braking system.
However, ultimately, all these nodes were borrowed from the Samara-1 family without any significant changes. This made it possible to achieve a high degree of unification with the “ninth” family. But the implemented improvements in appearance clearly benefited the car. The car received a more streamlined shape, thanks to which the angular outlines of the exterior, characteristic of the first generation Samar, are a thing of the past. Loading things into the trunk has become much more convenient - now the loading height is at the level of the bumper. And a more advanced injection engine develops more power, consumes less fuel and warms up faster.
In addition, the electronic engine management system monitors the level of exhaust toxicity.
Suspension
The suspension of the Lada Granta is quite reliable and durable (what else is needed on Russian roads?). Nevertheless, you shouldn’t expect any outstanding mileage from it, like, for example, on Toyota cars. Also keep in mind that the suspension of the Lada Granta is quite stiff and noisy.
There are also complaints about the front struts, which become noisy even with low mileage.
Electrical equipment VAZ 2115
Electrical equipment has also been improved. Now the car's package includes: electric windows for the front doors, as well as fog lights and heated seats (only on “luxury” modifications). All versions are equipped with an on-board monitoring system that allows you to monitor the proper operation of lamps, oil level, brake pad wear, and the level of coolant and washer fluids, directly from the driver’s seat. At high speeds (namely 180-200 km/h) the road holds up well. The cross-country ability is very good for its class, the car is light and tall. Spare parts and repairs are relatively inexpensive. The trunk is very large, which is good.
car front panel
Electrics
Here, too, the VAZ-2114 took away all the sores from the VAZ-2109. Also, the condition of the car’s electrical system determines how the owner treated the car. If he got into the electrics, connecting various electrical equipment, doing everything unprofessionally, then by buying such a car, you risk getting a whole bunch of electrical problems, headaches and dooming yourself to huge expenses. So when inspecting the car, be sure to diagnose all electrical equipment. And don’t mess with a car that has undergone electrical tuning.
What's new and what remains from its predecessors
The VAZ 2115 has an adjustable steering column, effective interior heating and an on-board driver warning system about closing the door locks, leaving the ignition key in the lock, the level of oil and coolant in the engine, and extreme wear of the brake pads. The spacious interior of the VAZ 2115 allows you to enjoy any trip
If you compare the appearance of the VAZ 2115 and the VAZ 21099, you can immediately notice that the updated model differs in many respects. The design of the car has become more interesting; it fully complies with modern requirements and the main trends in the automotive industry. The car acquired a streamlined shape and smooth lines, the front and rear parts of the car have changed. The shape of the hood has become more convex, and the headlights and fenders of the car highlight the updated design. The roof and doors remained the same as the progenitor of this model - VAZ 21099. The rear and front bumpers were painted in body color. An additional “stop” signal has been created on the trunk spoiler in the VAZ 2115 model. The volume of the luggage compartment has become significantly larger due to a change in the shape of the trunk lid, which opens the opening all the way to the bumper.
In addition, new elements appeared: door moldings, the same color as the body, and fairings on the sills. Updates are also obvious in the lighting technology of the VAZ 2115 model, one of which is fog lights. Such changes will certainly be appreciated by even the most demanding motorists. The improvements carried out had a positive impact on the popularity of the VAZ 2115 model. The car fully complies with all the criteria and trends of modern automobile fashion. Experts note that the design update also contributed to improving the aerodynamic performance of the VAZ 2115.
What to look for when buying a used Lada Granta
It is clear that if you are going to buy this used Russian car, then most likely your budget leaves much to be desired. Unfortunately, despite the fact that this is a good car for the money, in most cases this model is not purchased for a good life.
Naturally, when money is limited, then buying a Lada Granta on the secondary market is akin to walking through a minefield. After all, in the event of an unsuccessful purchase, it will be doubly offensive to spend money and receive a problematic car that requires large investments. How can this be avoided? What should you pay attention to?
Firstly, let us remind you that the Lada Granta recently underwent a restyling (update), receiving a fresher appearance. This, naturally, led to the fact that pre-restyling models became slightly cheaper on the secondary market and will become even cheaper as restyled models hit the secondary market.
We advise you to look for a car with a liftback body, since this way there is less risk of running into a taxi car with low mileage. This Granta body is rarely used in taxi fleets.
VAZ 2115 interior design
The interior has become more comfortable compared to earlier models due to many improvements and new details: the dashboard has acquired a streamlined shape, and additional control sensors have appeared on it, signaling the driver about certain changes in the condition of the car.
Also in the VAZ 2115, the upper mounting points of the front seat belts have changed, and the mounting is height-adjustable, which is important for the safety of drivers and passengers of different heights and builds. A console appeared between the front seats, and the steering column became adjustable. In addition, the VAZ 2115 model is equipped with an improved interior heating system and an on-board control system. This system notifies the driver that the key is left in the ignition, that the engine is pumping coolant and lubricants, as well as the need to replace the brake pads, that the doors are closed, and that the seat belts are not fastened.
The VAZ 2115's spacious trunk and spacious interior made this model indispensable for travel and long-distance trips. The large rear seat, designed according to the laws of ergonomics, allows all passengers to experience convenience and comfort while driving.
Electrics
The owners of this car are very fond of “tuning” the car by installing amplifiers, amplifiers, LED bulbs, alarms, etc. Unfortunately, very often they do all this on their own. Sometimes it’s wrong, damaging the car’s single electrical circuit, which already tends to fail.
So it would be a good idea to check the car’s electrical system before purchasing.
Performance characteristics of the VAZ 2115 car
The exhaust emission level of this model strictly meets domestic requirements and European environmental standards EURO-3 (Euro III), and the car’s reliable power units will never let its owner down on the road.
The VAZ-2115 is equipped with a five-speed gearbox combined with a differential and final drive.
The five-speed gearbox is designed on the basis of the four-speed gearbox previously installed on cars of the Sputnik family.
The main difference between the five-speed gearbox is the additionally introduced fifth gear, the gears of which are installed in an enlarged rear cover.
PS While driving, the gearbox does not cause any difficulties, the gears are engaged smoothly (except for fifth), without jerking the car, but at high speeds (over 120 km/h) when switching from fourth to fifth gear, difficulties arise, this can lead to a shift in attention from the road on the lever and there is a danger of losing control (trust my experience)
The main power supply circuits of the electrical equipment of the VAZ 2115 car are protected from damage by fuses. Their price is small, but their help and impact are significant. After all, they protect more expensive equipment.
The exceptions are:
- battery charging circuit;
- ignition circuit;
- starter and generator power supply circuit.
Protection is realized using a fuse box assembled in the engine compartment. All powerful consumers, such as the starter, wipers and high beam lamps, are connected to the on-board network via a relay and are located in the mounting block.
The Pyatnashka is equipped with a starter type 5712.3708 - this is a DC electric motor with excitation from permanent magnets, with a planetary gearbox and an electromagnetic two-winding traction relay.
Four permanent magnets are fixed in the stator housing. The armature shaft rotates in two metal-ceramic liners installed in the cover and support. Rotation from the armature shaft is transmitted to the drive shaft through a planetary gearbox. Planetary gears rotate on needle bearings. The front end of the drive shaft rotates in a sintered bushing pressed into the clutch housing.
When the starter is turned on, the voltage from the battery through the ignition switch is supplied to both windings of the starter traction relay (retractor P1 and retainer P2). After closing the contacts of the traction relay, the retractor winding is turned off.
The Fifteenth model also has engines with a distributed fuel injection system, i.e. fuel is injected by four injectors (one injector per cylinder) into the intake pipe, onto the intake valves. Here the fuel evaporates, mixes with air and enters the engine cylinders in the form of a combustible mixture. The fuel injection system reduces exhaust emissions while improving the vehicle's driving characteristics.
Suspension
The suspension of the VAZ-2114 is the same chassis that you will find in the VAZ-2109. So the more modern VAZ-2114 has a certain reliability of the “nine” suspension. But, unfortunately, at the same time, the 14th model also adopted all the childhood sores of the chassis due to design features.
For example, in the VAZ-2114, as in the VAZ-2109, it is still not uncommon for rubber to peel off from the upper shock absorber mounts. Also, do not expect reliability from the aluminum brace brackets, which will burst very quickly from impacts. Fortunately, the supports are usually replaced with imported analogues, which, fortunately, are abundant on the market. Also, instead of aluminum brackets, you can install steel ones. In principle, these are all common problems with the VAZ-2114 chassis. There are no complaints about the ball ones. They travel 80-100 thousand km without any problems. Yes, of course, the original shock absorbers on a VAZ-2114 can leak quite quickly. But they can be replaced with imported analogues, and you will forget about this problem.
The steering rack usually runs 60 thousand km without any problems. Then the knocking starts. But this is usually solved by tightening the steering rack adjusting nut, and you will forget about the steering until 100 thousand km, where you will have to change the steering rods.
Two distributed injection systems: with and without feedback
The feedback system is used mainly on export vehicles. It has a neutralizer and an oxygen sensor installed in the intake system, which provides feedback. The sensor monitors the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gases, and the electronic control unit uses its signals to maintain an air/fuel ratio that ensures the most efficient operation of the converter. Only unleaded gasoline should be used as fuel. The use of leaded gasoline will damage the converter, oxygen sensor and system failure.
In an injection system without feedback, a converter and an oxygen sensor are not installed, and a CO potentiometer is used to adjust the CO concentration in the exhaust gases. This system also does not use a gasoline vapor recovery system. The figure shows the design of this particular system, since it will mainly be used on cars sold in Russia.
Motor
According to service technicians, when purchasing, you should pay attention to the complex 16-valve engine, which, although improved compared to the old indestructible 8-valve engines, still has a number of problems due to the complexity of the design.
See also: Top 7 problems of the restyled Lada Granta
First, be sure to measure compression during inspection. In no case should it be less than 11 bar. Ideally it should be 12 bar. The difference between the cylinders should not be more than 0.5-0.6 bar.
Description of the components of both systems and features of the system with feedback
The converter is installed in the exhaust system in front of the additional muffler. It contains two oxidation catalysts (chemical reaction accelerators) and one reduction catalyst. Oxidation catalysts (platinum and palladium) help convert hydrocarbons into water vapor and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide. A reduction catalyst (radium) helps convert nitrogen oxides into harmless nitrogen. Because the catalytic converter requires oxygen to neutralize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, and at the same time it must take oxygen to neutralize nitrogen oxides, it is necessary to very carefully maintain the balance of the air/fuel mixture (approximately 14.7:1) entering the engine.
This function is performed by an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit (ECU), located under the instrument panel on the left side of the body, is the control center of the fuel injection system. This is a specialized computer. It continuously processes information from various sensors and controls systems that affect exhaust emissions and vehicle performance. The computer also performs a diagnostic function for the fuel injection system. It can recognize system malfunctions, warning the driver about them through the “CHECK ENGINE” indicator lamp. It also stores diagnostic codes that indicate areas of trouble to help technicians make repairs.
The air filter is installed in the front part of the engine compartment with rubber clips. Filter element 9 is paper, with a large filter surface area. When replacing the filter element, it must be installed so that the corrugations are located parallel to the center line of the car. Throttle pipe 19 is fixed to the receiver. It controls the amount of air entering the intake pipe.
The flow of air into the engine is controlled by a throttle valve connected to the accelerator pedal drive. The throttle pipe includes a throttle position sensor 23 and an idle speed regulator 24. In the flow part of the throttle pipe (in front of the throttle valve and behind it) there are vacuum sampling holes necessary for the operation of the gasoline vapor recovery system. If the latter system is not used, then the fitting for purging the adsorber is plugged with a rubber plug.
The idle speed regulator 24 regulates the crankshaft speed at idle by controlling the amount of air supplied bypassing the closed throttle valve. It consists of a two-pole stepper motor and a cone valve connected to it. The valve extends or retracts according to signals from the ECU.
The throttle position sensor 23 is installed on the throttle pipe body 1 and is connected to the throttle valve axis. The sensor is a potentiometer, one end of which is supplied with a 5 V supply voltage, and the other end is connected to ground. From the third terminal of the potentiometer (from the slider) the output signal goes to the ECU.
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Motor
Initially, the VAZ-2114 received a 1.5-liter 8-valve engine. In 2007, it was replaced by a 1.6-liter eight-valve engine with a similar design. The advantage of these engines is that if for some reason the timing belt breaks, the engine valves do not meet the pistons. And this is important, since timing belt breakage on this model is not uncommon. Moreover, even with a short mileage after replacing the belt.
The engines are quite reliable and can run up to 350-400 thousand km without problems. By the way, do not be alarmed by the knocking of valves when the engine is running. This sound exists even with absolutely serviceable engines. The culprit is the valve tappets, which sit too high in their seats. Damn, design feature. By the way, this engine requires scheduled valve adjustment every 45 thousand km. However, in practice, most car owners do not do this. Unfortunately, despite the reliability of the motor, due to the nature of the cooling system, engines are prone to overheating.
Causes of excessive fuel consumption
The reasons for all of the above can be a wide variety of vehicle malfunctions.
For example, black smoke from the exhaust pipe may indicate the following problems:
- the engine control unit is not configured;
- the injectors are clogged;
- spark plugs require replacement;
- air flow sensor is faulty;
- The air pressure regulator creates excessive pressure in the fuel system;
- The camshaft position sensor is faulty.
If the operation of the VAZ-2115 engine is unstable, the reasons may be as follows:
- The idle speed control does not work;
- the exhaust valve on one of the cylinders is burnt out;
- high-voltage wires require careful inspection;
- compression in the cylinders is too weak;
- The piston group requires repair;
- some defects have formed in the ignition coil;
- air is drawn in through the intake manifold.
When the engine runs smoothly, but the car drives poorly, and there is increased gasoline consumption, the following reasons are possible:
- the brake system is faulty (for example, the handbrake may not be adjusted or the brake cylinder may be jammed);
- the air filter is clogged;
- delayed ignition is installed on the engine control unit;
- the catalyst is clogged or the oxygen sensor is faulty;
- The car tank has been filled with gasoline with too low an octane number or contains unnecessary impurities.
