Priora knock sensor 16 valves signs of malfunction where is it located

The smooth operation of the internal combustion engine under various loads is ensured by special devices that promptly notify the mini-computer of changing operating conditions. The knock sensor is one of the most important devices in such a system.

Detonation is a very dangerous process.

Modern domestic cars are also equipped with a product of this type. The sixteen-valve Lada Priora is equipped with a piezoceramic device of this type, which will be discussed in this article.

Purpose

The knock sensor is a small device that is installed on injection engines. In case of uncontrolled combustion of the fuel mixture, regardless of the cause, the device automatically changes the ignition timing of the fuel mixture.

The importance of this device for engine safety is difficult to overestimate. Even if the car is fully tuned and its main parts are made without defects, then no one is safe from refueling with low-quality fuel.

As a result of using low-quality fuel, the working parts of the piston group may fail when the vehicle's mileage is less than 10,000 km. This device allows you to protect the internal combustion engine from the harmful effects of explosive gasoline combustion.

Knock sensor on Priora - check and change it yourself + Video

The knock sensor is one of the components of the electronic engine control system of a car. This part is quite reliable, but it also sometimes fails, and then it needs to be replaced.

Purpose and location of the knock sensor

A knock sensor (DS) is a device that is installed on the outside of the cylinder block wall to monitor the appearance of abnormal vibrations caused by detonation in the engine, that is, explosive self-ignition in the combustion chamber of the working mixture. The DD produces an alternating current signal, the voltage amplitude and frequency of which depend on the vibration parameters of the cylinder block.

Photo of Priora knock sensor

Each level of intensity and frequency of oscillations of the engine walls corresponds to its own signal. The engine control controller constantly analyzes the data received from the engine.

When detonation occurs in the cylinders, the amplitude of vibrations of the corresponding frequency increases, and the DD generates a signal, after processing which the controller adjusts the ignition timing, making it later, which leads to the suppression of detonation of the working mixture.

The Priora DD consists of a washer-shaped plastic body, which has a hole in the center for a bolt with a 13-head head, and on the side there is a two-pin connector for connecting wires from the controller. The main part of the DD is located inside the case - a sensitive piezoceramic disk element, which, in fact, generates voltage (signal) when exposed to vibration.

In the photo - DD Priora

The DD Priora is installed on the cylinder block, namely: on its front wall under the intake module, next to and slightly above the dipstick socket for monitoring the oil level in the engine. It is not visible from the top of the hood. It can only be seen from below, for example, from a pit, when the lower engine protection is removed.

When is the DD changed on Priora?

The DD is removed for inspection or replacement if signs of its malfunction appear or if it is diagnosed at an engine operation test bench.

The sensor cannot be repaired, and if it breaks, it must be replaced.

When the DD or the electrical circuit from it to the controller fails, the latter (control unit) signals this to the driver by turning on a warning lamp on the instrument panel.

Photo of removing the knock sensor

At the same time, the controller switches to another engine control mode, called reserve, in which the ignition timing is constantly at a late angle. This mode is characterized by increased fuel consumption and lower engine power.

The error code indicating a breakdown of the Priora DD is 0327.

In the photo there is a breakdown of the knock sensor

The appearance of this error is the main reason why the sensor is changed. However, in some cases, the DD may be only partially faulty, that is, it will work, but incorrectly.

In this case, the warning lamp will not light up, no error will be displayed, but the engine will begin to detonate in certain modes.

However, there can be many reasons for such motor operation, and if a malfunction of the motor is suspected, it is removed for inspection.

How to remove and check the sensor?

Access from above to the Priora DD is difficult due to the intake module located above it. The easiest way to get to the sensor is from below, first removing the engine protection or at least unscrewing and folding its front part. When working from above, you will have to do everything by touch. In any case, before starting work, it is necessary to disconnect the ground wire attached to the “negative” terminal from the battery.

Where is

To carry out the necessary diagnostic or repair work, you need to know where the knock meter is located.

Lada Priora 16 valves. Finding this device will not be difficult. For correct operation, the vibration diagnostic device is located on the block, in close proximity to cylinder 1.

In this place, vibration is most clearly felt in the presence of detonation, which makes it possible to timely register deviations in engine operation.

Price

The knock sensor cannot be repaired and if it malfunctions, it only needs to be replaced with a new sensor. Fortunately, its price is not high, and there are also enough non-original, high-quality analogues on the market, which are listed below in the table. There are no differences between DD in engines with 8 and 16 valves; the sensors for both types of engines are exactly the same.

Below is a table with the article number and cost of the knock sensor for the Lada Priora

How to check

You can check the Lada Priora 16 valve sensor with a multimeter. To check the sensitive element, it is necessary to switch the tester to the mode for measuring electrical resistance of 20 MOhm. Then you should connect the test device to the sensor contacts. Use a small metal object to lightly tap the body of the product. If the device is faulty, the readings will not change. If the detonation device is in perfect order, then such actions will certainly lead to an increase in the output resistance of the device, which will be recorded using a measuring device.

Engine detonation when accelerating Priora 16 valves

This phenomenon can be caused by a large number of factors. They have varying degrees of danger. Sometimes, a small detonation is quite acceptable. All possible options for the occurrence of this phenomenon will be discussed below.

The most harmless is detonation, which occurs with a sharp increase in speed. If at 1000 rpm

sharply depress the gas pedal, accelerating the work to 4000-5000 rpm

, you can hear a brief detonation. This is quite a common occurrence. There is no need to be afraid of this; in this case, detonation will not lead to dire consequences.

The reason is a sharp increase in the fuel supplied to the engine; the amount of air initially remains at the same level, this causes premature oxidation of the fuel, which is accompanied by explosions.

The only way to combat this phenomenon is to avoid a sharp increase in speed.

But sometimes detonation can appear during normal operation of the power unit. In such cases, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the malfunction as quickly as possible. Otherwise, it will lead to engine repair. So, detonation may have the following reasons:

• Incorrectly set ignition timing. As this indicator increases, the point with maximum pressure during fuel combustion shifts to TDC. Because of this, increased pressure occurs in the cylinder, and accordingly engine detonation occurs. If you experience unexplained knocking noises, be sure to check that the ignition is working correctly;
• Error in the operation of the engine control unit. If the fuel consumption sensor fails, the on-board computer may give erroneous commands. As a result, the engine begins not only to twitch, but also to detonate;
• Almost all modern cars are equipped with a knock sensor
  . If you observe the phenomenon regularly, then check the condition of this small device. If necessary, you need to replace it;
• Low octane number
  . Each car has its own compression ratio; accordingly, this indicator is calculated based on the fuel that will be used in the engine. The higher the compression ratio, the higher the octane number should be. If you fill the tank with fuel with a lower rating, an uncontrollable reaction will occur in the cylinder. If, in order to save money, you have filled with lower quality gasoline, then it is advisable to drain it and fill with fuel with a suitable octane number. Sometimes, a similar phenomenon can occur when refueling with bad gasoline.

Knock sensor malfunction during operation

Where is the VAZ 2110 speedometer sensor located? Where is the speedometer sensor located? To identify faults in the knock sensor, you need to know where it is located in the power compartment of the car. Its location is not far from the oil dipstick at the top of the cylinder block.

Sometimes the defect can be eliminated by simply tightening or loosening the fastening of the product to the motor; the tightening force should be within 20 Nm.

It is better to control the tightening force of this type with a special torque wrench.

If the adjustment does not have a positive effect, it is necessary to check the VAZ 2110 knock sensor and then replace it with a new product.

The search for faults in the knock sensor must be carried out on a special stand, which is equipped at service stations or repair plants. At home, you can try to repair the VAZ 2110 knock sensor if you have basic concepts in electrical engineering and the car enthusiast can use a tester or similar device with millivoltmeter and megohmmeter scales.

The procedure for determining a malfunction of the knock sensor is as follows:

1. Before checking the knock sensor, it must be removed from the power unit. To do this, you need to press the latch and disconnect it from the contact block.
2. Unscrew the fastening nut and dismantle the product by removing it from the stud.
3. To diagnose a removed device, you need to power it to the terminals of the multivoltmeter, setting the minimum measurement limit.

Important: you should know that for a knock sensor with one contact, the black wire, which is associated with the negative contact, is connected to the mounting bolt socket, and the positive red wire must be connected to the signal contact in the shoe connector

How to avoid?

It would be useful for every car enthusiast to know how to avoid problems with detonation. There are certain countermeasures that can reduce the risk of this type of knocking occurring. All techniques are usually aimed at preventing premature ignition of the fuel mixture.

The easiest way is to increase engine speed. This can be achieved in several ways. When driving, try to increase the speed smoothly.

If you want to start sharply, then first slowly spin the engine to the required speed, and only then start moving.

Major faults in the sensor circuit

As you may have noticed, replacing the knock sensor is not difficult. But it happens that even after installing a new device, the engine does not work correctly. In such cases, it is necessary to fully diagnose the vehicle's wiring. A light comes on, indicating that there is a breakdown in the engine, knocking noises appear, and unstable operation occurs.

A common cause of breakdown lies in the signal wire, which may break. In addition, the integrity of the shielding braid may be compromised. It often happens that the sensor terminals short-circuit with each other. Regardless of whether the failure lies in the sensor itself or in the wiring with which it is connected to the electronic control unit, the external signs will be the same.

Why "fingers"?

The combustion process of the combustible mixture in a fully operational engine proceeds sequentially. A flame flares up near the spark plug, and gradually it fills the entire cylinder. But there is another combustion option - detonation.

The explosion of the fuel mixture in the combustion chamber occurs abruptly. This increases pressure and temperature. This very explosion is called detonation. That's why the driver hears a knock - it comes from the blast wave.

Proper combustion implies a fire propagation speed of up to 30 m/s. The gas pressure increases gradually. With this type of combustion, the flame fills the cylinder gradually. The gases press gently on the piston. There is no knocking of gas against the walls of the combustion chambers, since there is no explosion.

If the burning rate is higher, then these are the prerequisites for detonation. By the way, this phenomenon is very harmful to the engine.

How does a knock sensor work?

The operating principle of the unit is based on the piezoelectric effect. The DC signal is supplied to it from the controller. Inside the sensor there is a special resistor designed to reduce the voltage.

After the voltage is reduced by 2 times, it is supplied to the controller again. The electric current at this time already has a variable value. The return signal is transmitted through a circuit that reproduces the reference voltage.

This becomes possible due to the fact that the impulse comes in the form of a direct electric current and returns in the form of an alternating current.

The signal is reproduced in the engine during the detonation flash. Its amplitude depends on the detonation power. If the motor operates in normal mode, a 2.5V return signal is sent to the controller.

In this case, the controller does not change the operating mode of the motor. If the signal value is different, the ignition timing will change. This is done to partially dampen detonation.

Replacing the sensor

This part must be replaced from the oil dipstick side.

The work is performed in the following sequence:

1. Disconnect the wires.
2. Unscrew the fastening bolt.
3. Remove the sensor.
4. Install a new product (tightening torque should be 20–25 Nm).
5. Connect the wires.
6. Check the functionality of the product.

You can fully check the serviceability of the Lada Priora knock sensor only on the track, where you can test the engine at various speeds. If after the check-in the symptoms of the malfunction remain the same, then the new device should be checked with a multimeter. If the method described above using a tester makes it possible to establish that the detonation device is not “involved” in the unstable operation of the engine, then the breakdown should be looked for elsewhere.

Required Tools

Table - Tools and materials required to replace the knock sensor

Work should be carried out with access from the bottom of the car. Therefore, it is recommended to proceed with independent replacement if there is an inspection hole or overpass.

Operating principle of DD

The piezoceramic element of the knock sensor, reacting to vibrations of the cylinder block, sends a signal to the controller (ECM), which, in turn, processes this signal and, in the event of detonation, reduces the ignition timing . In this case, the ignition timing changes for each cylinder separately. This is due to the fact that the temperature of the cylinders, when arranged in a row, is different. The coldest is the first, the hotter is the fourth or last, then the second and the hottest is the third.

From the driver’s point of view, the presence of a detonation elimination system makes it possible, if necessary, to use low-octane gasoline (keep in mind, the controller will assume that you have A-95). Another advantage is maximum efficiency and excellent dynamic qualities when using gas-cylinder equipment.

Consequences of a malfunction

If you notice the Check Engine icon on the dashboard, you should immediately visit the nearest service station for diagnostics. Often, the car’s on-board computer reports error p0325, which means a malfunction of the knock sensor circuit 1. The cause of its occurrence can be either an open circuit or possible errors in the knock sensor. In the first case, it is enough to check the sensor connector - if it was not completely latched during the previous replacement, then over time it may open.

Failure to take corrective action on a faulty knock sensor may result in more serious damage:

• strong vibrations and shocks will eventually lead to the destruction of the piston;
• the engine will begin to get very hot, which is fraught with boiling of the coolant with all the ensuing consequences. At best, you will have to spend money on a major overhaul of the engine, but often the block is destroyed by a broken connecting rod;
• increased fuel consumption. An additional symptom of this is the appearance of strong smoke from the exhaust pipe with a distinct smell of gasoline;
• reduction in engine power. A significant deterioration in dynamics can lead to an emergency on the road.

If such a breakdown occurs, repairs should be started without delay. If there is a malfunction, it is better to replace the knock sensor in a timely manner than to pay for repairs in the future, the cost of which may increase by an order of magnitude.

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