Winter is a challenge for any car owner. Moreover, many are annoyed not so much by the deterioration of the road situation (snow, ice), but by the difficulty of starting a cooled power plant. Of course, those whose cars “winter” in heated garages do not have this problem, but there are relatively few of them. Most car owners have their cars idle overnight in the open air or in a regular garage (at best).
And yet there are ways to alleviate the plight of car owners. One of the most optimal methods now is to install a heater on a VAZ or any other car.
Preheater
The problem of difficult starting of a power plant in winter is associated with several factors - the viscosity of the oil increases, the resistance in the battery increases, and it is no longer able to produce good starting currents. As a result, when trying to start, the starter “lazy” turns the crankshaft, and the rotation speed is clearly not enough to start the engine. And only after a couple of attempts, when the oil is mixed a little and the battery “warms up”, the engine can still be started, but this does not always happen.
Note that the chances of a successful start in cold weather are also affected by the technical condition of the power plant and the degree of its wear. Thus, the probability of owning a VAZ of the classic family (2101, 2106), produced 30-40 years ago, is significantly lower than a relatively new car. But installing a heater on a VAZ-2101 increases these chances, and significantly.
As noted, the difficulty of starting the power unit is largely due to the solidification of working fluids. But if you warm them up before starting, then the resistance that they create due to the increased viscosity will not exist, and it will be much easier for the starter to turn the crankshaft. It is precisely the preheating of the engine that is the task of the heater.
This device, in principle, is universal, so you can easily install a preheater on a VAZ, UAZ or any other make of car.
Related link:
Causes of detonation of VAZ engines and solutions
We install engine heating on a VAZ-2110 car
Owners of VAZ "Ten" cars know firsthand how difficult it can be to start the engine in winter.
However, technological progress does not stand still, and devices have long appeared on the market that make it easier for the driver to perform this procedure. Considering the harsh Russian winters, many owners of “ten” are interested in the question of how to install engine heating on a VAZ-2110 car. First, let's look directly at the devices themselves. Currently, you can purchase and, accordingly, install one of two options for engine preheating on your car:
- autonomous;
- requiring connection to an outlet.
Types, features of work
There are several options for such equipment, but in essence such a device is a conventional electric heating element that provides heating of one of the fluids of the power unit.
There are several types of heaters. Some of them heat antifreeze, others heat oil. In the case of coolant, by acting on antifreeze, it is possible to heat the cylinder block, as well as the elements of the power system, which is important for ensuring normal mixture formation.
But such a device has disadvantages:
- it takes more time to warm up the engine, since the cooling system is just a shell of the cylinder block;
- the oil heats up slightly, since it is located below the cooling jacket in the sump, so heat will flow to it only after the cylinder block has been well warmed up;
But when using such a device, there is practically no need to warm up the engine after starting, since it is already heated, and warm air is immediately supplied from the stove to the cabin.
As for heaters that act on oil, such a device only heats the lubricant; the cylinder block and power system remain cold.
Since the volume of oil is small and it is all in one place, it takes little time to warm up. But due to the fact that only the lubricant heats up, after starting it will take time to warm up the motor itself.
In general, the effectiveness of using one or another device is approximately the same. When heating the antifreeze, we get a heated cylinder block and power system, which ensures good mixture formation (the result is excellent flammability of the mixture), but cold oil (the load on the battery and starter will remain high). If you heat the oil, then everything is exactly the opposite - the starter will turn easily, but the unit itself and the power system will remain cold.
Heaters also differ according to the power source used:
- From the network 220 V;
- From the on-board network 12 V (autonomous);
Related link:
Installation and adjustment of ignition VAZ 2101
The first option is characterized by high power, and therefore the speed of heating of the working fluid. But to use it, the car must be close to the outlet.
As for autonomous devices, the heating element is powered by a battery, which means you can warm up the liquid anywhere, even in the field. But they are not very powerful, and during operation they drain the battery, and if it is already on the verge of exhausting its life or is simply discharged, then there will simply be no energy left for the starter after warming up.
Antifreeze heaters operating from a 220 V network have become widespread among car owners. In general, this is one of the most optimal options - the battery does not run out, the power of the heating element is high, and after using it, the driver also receives hot air from the stove.
Now manufacturers of automotive accessories and equipment offer different models of preheaters. All of them are almost identical in operating principle, but may differ in design - some consist only of a heating element, while others may additionally have a circulation pump.
The first option is simpler in design, and therefore more reliable. The circulation of liquid in it occurs due to temperature differences. Since the speed of fluid movement in such a device is low, less energy is required to heat the antifreeze passing through the heater.
In a pre-heater with a pump, the heating of the power plant is more uniform due to forced circulation, but in order to heat the liquid well, the power of the heating element must be high. In addition, due to the pump, the likelihood of equipment failure is higher.
How to Install Engine Heating on a VAZ 2110
VAZ owners know first-hand how difficult it is to start the engine in winter. In general, there are no technological advances and the devices have been on the market for quite some time, making this procedure easier for the driver. Considering the terrible winters in Russia, many dozens of owners are interested in the question of how to install an engine on a VAZ-2110 car.
Let's start with devices. At the moment, you can buy and, accordingly, install it on your car, you may have one of 2 options for preheating the engine:
Of course, the individual option is more convenient. Webasto is now one of the most widespread systems of its kind. Due to its complexity there shouldn't be any difficulty, but some abilities will still be welcome. Before any special installation, you must complete any preparatory work to remove the battery, air filter, canister, rear seat and fuel filler door. But that's not all. You will also need to remove the crankcase cover and open the fuel cap for ventilation.
The heater itself is installed in a vertical position. In the engine compartment, a more balanced version of its placement is located on the rack support, to the left (in the direction of travel) of the battery.
When connecting to a liquid circuit, several general rules must be followed. Namely, the hoses must be laid evenly, avoiding folds, and the tightening torque of the clamps must be 205 Nm. Also, prepare a container to catch any leaking cooling water.
Installation of equipment on a car
Installing a heater on a VAZ-2106 or any other model does not require any modifications to the power unit. Such equipment is external, and all that is needed is to correctly insert it into the power system.
Related link:
Replacing a timing belt or chain on a VAZ 2105
The heater kit consists of:
- Block with heater;
- Fastening elements;
- Adapters, tees and clamps for insertion into the cooling system;
- Cable with plug.
Additionally, for installation you will also need sections of pipelines of the required length to make an insert.
There are several installation schemes for such a device, the simplest of which is shown below.
To ensure uniform heating, antifreeze must be supplied to the device from the lowest point of the engine, which is the drain plug of the cylinder block. But the exit of the already heated liquid is the opposite - to the top point.
To connect the equipment to the VAZ-2106 engine, you must:
- Install the fitting from the kit into the engine block and connect it with a pipeline to the input terminal on the heater block;
- Insert the tee from the kit into the upper pipeline of the cooling system coming from the radiator. Connect a pipeline leading to the output from the heater block to this tee;
- Attach the block with the heating element to the engine or subframe;
- Route the cable to ensure easy access to the plug.
When installing a heater, it is not even necessary to drain the antifreeze from the system. If you pre-assemble the heater (connect the pipelines to the block, tee and fitting) and quickly carry out installation work, then during operation 1-1.5 liters of coolant will leak out, which will then have to be replenished.
After installation, be sure to check all connections for leaks and, if necessary, fix them by tightening the clamps.
Installing the heater on a VAZ-2107 injector does not differ from that described above.
What is needed for this?
The first thing you need to figure out is what elements, materials and tools will be useful to you during the heating installation process.
Element
Explanation
They are required for backs and seats. Experts recommend choosing the standard ones provided for the VAZ 2110. They are sold in sets for two seats. Their cost ranges from 1000 to 1400 rubles. The kit also includes wiring and buttons to turn the heating on and off.
They are not always included. They are used to turn the seat heating system on and off.
It serves to connect the heating to the vehicle’s on-board network
If the seats are already quite worn, it would not hurt to replace the foam rubber, which is short-lived
General recommendations for installing “Start-M1 / M2 / MP”
An electric heater is installed in the cuts in the connecting hoses of the engine liquid cooling system. But the hose must lead upward to the engine and must not have an engine thermostat installed in it.
The Start-MP heater must be installed in such a way that one of the nozzles is higher relative to the other nozzle
The electric heater is installed in the section of the lower radiator pipe (for cars with an upper thermostat)
The electric heater is installed in a section of the lower radiator pipe (for cars with an upper thermostat).
To ensure safe and long-term operation of the electric heater, it is necessary to monitor the health of the cooling system and maintain the required level of coolant in the system.
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Any engine preheating has its own pros and cons (even such popular systems as Webasto), so engine heating must be selected individually based on the capabilities and needs of each person.
The principle of operation of the heating element for heating the engine
After connecting the boiler to 220V, the liquid inside the housing (3) is heated, and due to the increase in the temperature of the liquid inside the housing, the pressure increases. The valve (4) closes the inlet pipe and when the temperature rises, the liquid rushes through the outlet pipe. Due to the decrease in pressure inside the housing, the valve (4) opens and liquid begins to flow into it through the inlet pipe. As a result, a directed thermosiphon circulation of liquid is formed through the electric heater and the engine cooling system.
DEFA WarmUp heating system
This Norwegian device, although simple, is very reliable.
Heating elements are developed for many engine models and are installed in engine plugs.
The operating process is simple : the “boiler” heats the coolant, and with it the oil heats up. This device can operate even without a control module.
Those who prefer comfort can take advantage of the complete Defa heating package and install:
- a heating module in the interior that will quickly warm up your car;
- a battery charger that will ensure the battery is fully charged throughout the winter;
- module for controlling the entire system;
- SmartStart control panel, works from a distance of up to 1200 meters;
- special cable for 220V network.
The price of a 220V engine heating system from Defa depends on the configuration and make of the vehicle.
Watch an interesting video about Defa preheaters:
There are similar analogues of domestic production, but the quality is poor!
Dismantling
We begin tuning and repairs with the removal and subsequent disassembly of the seats, which is carried out as follows:
- We unscrew the plastic fasteners with which the seats are attached to the body;
- Unscrew the slides (2 each in front and back);
- We take the seats out of the cabin;
- Separate the backs. To do this, you need to unscrew the bolts on the sides with a 10mm wrench;
- Directly on the bottom of the seat you need to pull out 4 plastic fasteners and remove the trim;
- On the backrest you need to remove the plugs for the headrests. Then, at the bottom, remove the upholstery from the hooks, which will require slightly straightening them. Now you can remove the casing completely.
When making such repairs, it would be very good to wash the upholstery in a regular washing machine at the same time. This will not harm her, and driving a VAZ 2110 clean is somehow more pleasant.
