VAZ 2114 starter - the process of replacing the device with your own hands

Starter device

1. A housing with a winding and four magnets is a stator.
2. The rotating part is the rotor.
3. The transmitter from the moving part to the engine flywheel is Bendix.
4. The operating switch that starts the rotor when the ignition key is turned is a relay.
5. An axis with a pressed core and collector plates is an anchor.

Starter device

The device is a DC motor with a two-winding relay and a power of 1.55 kW.

Main malfunctions and their symptoms

The most common breakdowns that occur in the starter are as follows:

• The electric motor of the device does not rotate. A short circuit has occurred on the stator windings, the rotor has become soured in the support bushings, or the contacts have oxidized;
• The electric motor spins, but at insufficient speed and low power. Either the graphite brushes are worn out or a short circuit has occurred on one of the windings;
• The starter works as it should, but rotation is not transmitted to the crankshaft. Bendix wear or breakdown;
• The starter starts the engine, but does not turn itself off. The retractor relay mechanism has oxidized or the return spring has burst.

Disassembled starter
If you notice one of the above signs on the starter, you should dismantle it and carry out detailed diagnostics in the removed state.

Causes of malfunctions

1. Does not turn: short circuit of the winding, jamming of the armature on the solenoid relay, oxidation of the battery contacts.
2. Insufficient rotation speed of the bendix: break or short circuit of the armature (stator) winding, wear of the brushes.
3. It turns, but does not transmit speed to the flywheel: the bendix is ​​faulty.
4. Operation after the engine speed has increased: the traction relay is stuck, the freewheel spring is broken.

Also, the causes of malfunction include wear of the unit, increased loads, violation of operating conditions and defects. Most often, the bendix, armature commutator and solenoid relay fail. Sometimes there is a loose fit of the brushes.

If one of the brushes has failed or the gearbox shaft has become skewed, this is usually a sign of impending destruction of the entire assembly, and it is easier to replace it entirely than to repair it.

In cold weather, the engine does not start well, the starter works at the limit and may fail. If the device is poorly secured or operates in conditions of constant strong vibrations, this also leads to its destruction. Sometimes a factory defect of the unit occurs - incorrect distribution of the lubricant composition in the housing, which leads to failure of the solenoid relay.

You can clean the shaft and add lubricant. The device is installed at an angle with the bendix down, white spirit is drawn into the syringe, and, turning the bendix as it extends, the white spirit is squeezed out onto the exposed section of the shaft, wiping it with a rag. Lubricant is added to the wedge-shaped teeth along which the bendix slides out.

For complete cleaning, the assembly is disassembled and washed in gasoline. Then they put new lubricant in the places from which the old one was removed, and assemble the device.

If the starter does not turn the flywheel, clean the terminals and start the car again.

Sometimes the problem with frequent bendix failure lies in the flywheel bushing. It is necessary to check the condition of the bushing and, if it is unsatisfactory, replace it with a new one.

Gear starter VAZ 2114

Direct repair

You should not think that before removing the starter, you need to lift the VAZ 2109 car into the inspection hole. We begin to repair the starter after it has been completely removed. So, let’s begin:

we check the relay by applying a voltage of 12 V to the terminal, do not forget that the negative should be short-circuited to the body; at the same time as this procedure we attach the ohmmeter to the contact bolts (if the relay is working normally, the coupling should move into the hole when current is received, and the bolts should be closed - if this does not happen, then the relay should be replaced).

checking the starter relay VAZ 2109

we check the brushes; the starter cover is removed, after which the screw securing the fastening of all wires is unscrewed; the spring is removed; the brush is removed (as a rule, its minimum height should be 12 mm - otherwise, this means its erasure and mandatory replacement).

We continue to work with the VAZ 2109. The starter, the repair of which is carried out by hand, must be carefully inspected. At this stage, you can even arm yourself with a magnifying glass in order to see everything better. Let’s move on to the next step:

we check the winding of the starter itself (as mentioned above, this device is not particularly different from other VAZ 2109 models, and repairing the starter yourself must be carried out skillfully and know all the basics of the circuit); take an ohmmeter and check for a short circuit between the turns and on the housing; inspect the collector and other windings (to do this, you need to carefully remove the ring so that it does not fly off, and pull it out); remove the washer from the axis; disconnect the tubes that serve to insulate the coupling bolts and pull them out; carefully inspect the collector and winding (they should not there is carbon deposits or surf); use sandpaper to wipe off minor changes on the surface.

Repairing the starter on a VAZ 2109 with your own hands also involves a thorough check of the armature winding. As you know, the starter armature consists of a core and a shaft. Between them there is a winding that should be checked. The easiest way is to check it for interturn short circuit on a special stand. To do this:

take a 220 W test lamp; check the insulation for rupture, determine the runout of the shaft (which should be 0.08 mm, the insulation resistance should be at least 10 kOhm; connect the armature collector with one wire with a current of 220 V; connect the second wire through a 220 W lamp 100 W with power housing (if the lamp lights up, then there is a breakdown in the armature and it needs to be replaced.

On a VAZ 21099 car, repairing a starter where the armature is in order also involves inspecting and checking the manifold. Some important tips:

if burning of the plates in two places is detected on the commutator, then the coil is broken; if the plates are blue, then a turn short circuit has occurred (this is rare, but it does occur): an interturn short circuit is found on visible sections of the armature or busbar wire (usually the turns are crumpled or bent); You can eliminate the short circuit and correct bruised tires by checking for the presence of foreign bodies; if the short circuit is not found, all that remains is to rewind the anchor.

On a VAZ 21093 car, repairing a starter, as well as on a VAZ 21099 and 2109, after checking the windings, involves inspecting the couplings and gears. To do this, we carry out the following type of operations:

Choosing a new starter

According to statistics, when answering the question “Which starter is better for a VAZ 2114?”, most car enthusiasts are advised to choose a geared version. It is smaller in size than the standard one, provides a quick start even with a weak battery, and spins the flywheel better in winter. It is easier and faster to install. The engine of such a device weighs less and experiences less mechanical stress.

Of the gearbox options, KZATE (KATEK) has the most positive reviews. Eldix and PRAMO brands are also popular.

The disadvantage of geared devices is that there may be problems with waterproofing, which cause short circuits and anchor breakages.

Starter KZATE

There are machines with the device fastened not with three, but with two bolts. In this case, a starter from ten is suitable, but you need to replace its Bendix with a gearbox from nine.

The starter does not turn over when hot

A common problem is that the starter turns the engine poorly and with difficulty when it’s hot, or doesn’t turn it at all when the battery is charged, whereas on a cold engine it starts without problems. Here only healthy logic or an experienced car mechanic can come to the rescue.

A car mechanic may not always be nearby, especially at night in the field, so we will rely only on ourselves. If the electrical equipment is in order, the ignition is adjusted and the spark plugs are dry, the problem is in the starter. The engine heats up during operation, and this is quite natural.

Together with the engine, the starter also heats up, in which there are a lot of mechanical interfaces that expand when heated. First of all, it could be the starter bushings, which are incorrectly sized.

They heat up, jamming the shaft and preventing the starter from rotating at full force. There is also a high probability that the power contact from the battery to the starter has been lost.

Check all the terminals and contacts, in 80% of cases this is the problem, but if the starter was recently repaired, then the bushings are to blame. Each specific case of difficulty starting a car is individual. We have compiled a collection of only the most common causes of such failure.

But the main thing is not to lose composure and use the deductive method. Then no breakdown can ruin your day. Even if the car doesn't start.

Starter replacement

The work does not require a pit or a lift. When you don’t have time to travel to a car service center, you can replace the device yourself.

Sequencing:

1. Open the hood.
2. Remove the terminals from the battery.
3. Remove the air filter pipe.
4. Remove the air filter.
5. Find the starter between the radiator and the manual transmission.
6. Unscrew the three nuts securing the device. To do this, use a key of 13.
7. Remove wiring.
8. Moving to the right and removing from the engine guides, remove the device.
9. After dismantling, the condition of the flywheel shaft (bushing) is usually checked.
10. The mechanism is installed in the reverse order.

Starter Eldix

When installing, apply lubricant to the surface in contact with the flywheel bushing.

Bendix replacement

1. The plug at the point of its attachment to the body is bent with a flat screwdriver.
2. The ring is removed. You may have to knock it down with a hammer.
3. The retaining ring is removed. It is enough to pry it off with a flat screwdriver.
4. The part is pulled out from the body.

If there is no visible damage on the bendix, this does not mean that it is working. If indirect signs of malfunction appear, it must be changed.

Starter PRAMO

The new part is installed in the reverse order.

By installing a VAZ 2114 gear starter, car enthusiasts solve most problems with starting the engine and constantly replacing Bendix and other spare parts.

Article number and approximate price for the original VAZ 2114 starter

There are two main types of starters used on VAZ 2114 cars. With a carburetor engine, a unit with the factory index 29.3708 is used. Its cost is from 3600 rubles.

On VAZ 2114 cars that have an injector, a starter 5712.3708 is used. It is distinguished by the presence of a planetary gearbox. The presence of a gear in the design made it possible to increase engine speed. Therefore, planetary starters have gained great popularity compared to those previously discussed. At the same time, carburetor VAZ 2114 car owners, when replacing a starter, give preference to units with a planetary gearbox. The price of a new such product starts from 2200 rubles.

In retail sales, original starters are found with article numbers 2108370801006 and 21130370801000. They are interchangeable, but it is recommended to choose a unit with a planetary gear, regardless of the type of vehicle power unit.

Immobilizer and alarm

Car alarms can also negatively affect the operation of the starter. Sometimes security systems can also present some surprises. Finding out the cause is quite simple, but fixing it is difficult.

The fact is that in the alarm systems with auto start and in the standard immobilizers of some cars, inconsistencies may arise that appear over time. This problem was relevant for the 2007-2008 Ford Focus 2.

Without any reason, one fine morning the starter completely refused to work. Although everything indicated that the electrical equipment was normal, all contacts were reliable, the starter did not want to turn the engine at all.

On Ford and some other cars, this was solved by replacing the standard immobilizer, and the officials did this under warranty. It was easy to find out the reason - bypassing all systems, the power from the battery to the starter was simply turned on through a button, and then it worked as if nothing had happened. The cases are not widespread, but they were, so this option also cannot be discounted.

Catalog number and cost of analogues

Finding a branded VAZ 2114 starter is not always easy. At the same time, the quality of the original components is very poor, which is further complemented by a high level of defects among the products sold. Therefore, experienced car owners recommend purchasing analogues from third-party manufacturers. The best alternative options for the original VAZ 2114 starter are presented in the table below.

Table - Good analogues of the original VAZ 2114 starter

Required Tools

In order to carry out repairs yourself and replace a faulty starter, you need the tools that are listed in the table below. Table - Tools required to replace the front strut

Useful tips

1. Before removing the starter, you need to make sure it is faulty. First of all, you need to check the reliability of the terminals on the battery. Oxidized terminals should be cleaned of deposits and re-secured. The reason for the failure may also be poor weight of the engine and the body. You should also check whether the solenoid relay wire has come loose from the connector and whether the positive terminal nut on the starter is tightly tightened;
2. When removing a part, you can disconnect the positive wire of the terminal last. In this version, it is more convenient to unscrew the nut of the positive wire. By pulling the starter closer to you, it will be easier to get to the desired nut;
3. You need to install the solenoid relay wire in place until it stops. The connector must be fixed, and in this case the wire will not fly off during movement due to shaking;
4. Do not forget to first remove the terminals from the battery and turn off the ignition - this will save you from additional problems.

That’s basically all that can be said about how to change the starter on a VAZ 2114.

Solenoid relay

We are slowly getting to the starter. All domestic VAZ cars have the same type of starters, it’s just that on VAZ 2101-2106 they are connected according to the same circuit, and on more modern ones - Priora, Kalina, VAZ 2110, VAZ 2114, VAZ 2115, the starter is connected a little differently, but the solenoid relay is designed everyone has the same. The signs of its breakdown are simple:

the starter hums and spins idle, but does not crank the engine; the starter is silent at all; the solenoid relay is activated, but the engine does not crank; the Bendix does not engage with the flywheel, it crunches and does not crank the engine.

Checking the retractor itself is also easy. You need to apply voltage directly from the battery to the control terminal of the relay (the thinnest wire is there, it’s easy to distinguish), and if the motor cranks normally, then the problem is in the relay itself. Most likely, the nickels of contacts were burnt.

To fix this, you need to remove the relay, clean the nickels, and everything should fall into place. But you need to take into account that such a relay will not last long, since at the factory a layer was applied to the contact pads that resisted electrical erosion.

Since there is now no layer, it is not known when the contacts will burn out next time. All generations of VAZ have the same type of starters. With Bendix the situation is more complicated, but it is quite easy to find out. You just need to short-circuit the two power terminals on the relay.

Thus, we will allow current to bypass the relay and see if the starter turns. If the starter hums and spins well, then the bendix does not engage the flywheel when starting the engine.