VAZ 2110 injectors: Cleaning, Replacement, DIY repair

The VAZ 2110 was equipped not only with an injection engine, but also with a carburetor. Great popularity and the rest of the years of production, the tenth Lada model was produced with an injection engine. The injector helped the “ten” improve its technical characteristics, increased the reliability and stability of the internal combustion engine. As you know, injection engines are equipped with a large number of different electronics and sensors aimed at maintaining the operation of the entire car. With the advent of the injector, the VAZ 2110 began to work much better, softer, and the dynamics began to please. Fuel was injected into the combustion chamber under pressure using fuel injectors; the fuel was atomized under pressure, which was pumped by a fuel pump.

Quite often, fuel injectors become dirty due to poor fuel quality, which makes their flow rate slightly lower and leads to a lack of fuel and loss of vehicle power.

In this article we will talk about fuel injectors on the Lada 110, namely their purpose, design, location, signs of malfunction, methods of washing and replacement.

Purpose

Fuel injectors are designed to spray fuel, which is mixed with air to form a fuel mixture and then enters the combustion chamber. The injectors replaced the old carburetor injection, which produced mono injection on all 4-cylinders, and the injectors allowed individual injection for each cylinder. Based on this, we can define the purpose of fuel injectors - this is the supply of fuel under pressure into the combustion chamber of a certain cylinder. There are a total of four fuel injectors on the VAZ 2110, which are connected into one system, to the fuel rail.

Cleaning the injector with ultrasound

In terms of effectiveness, this method of washing the injector is better than other methods. The method is based on the phenomenon of cavitation. This is when in a certain place the temperature of a liquid increases when combined with a solid surface under the influence of sound waves.

For ultrasonic cleaning you need a special stand with a bathtub, an ultrasound generator and detergent are placed in it. Often craftsmen use a familiar dishwashing substance dissolved in water.
Under the influence of ultrasonic waves, sharp heating plots appear on the plane of the nozzles inside and outside, which causes the appearance of steam bubbles. When the frequency and direction of the waves are chosen incorrectly, shells appear on top of the metal upon completion of cavitation.
This will cause the device to break down. Therefore, you should not experiment with self-made ultrasonic baths and washing machines. Changing nozzles will be much more expensive than ultrasonic cleaning at a car service center.

To wash the injector in an ultrasonic bath, you need to reduce the pressure in the ramp, turn off the battery and remove it from the car. After washing, the parts are put back in place and connected.

Proper washing removes all contaminants from all parts of the injectors, including from the inside, thereby increasing engine power and reducing fuel consumption.

Device

A fuel injector is an electromechanical part that, under the influence of an electric current, opens a channel and passes the compressed fuel through the nozzle into the combustion chamber. The injector is an electromagnetic valve, the armature of which has a locking bar; when voltage appears on the injector winding, the armature is retracted, thereby opening the channel for the passage of fuel.

The injector consists of many parts, but most often the mesh filter is at risk of contamination, which becomes clogged due to fuel combustion products and low-quality fuel.

The nozzle consists of:

O-ring;
Strainer;
Electrical connector;
Windings;
Return spring;
Anchors;
Housings;
Needles;
Pin;

Location

The injectors are located opposite each cylinder and are inserted into special milled holes in the cylinder head on one side, and on the other hand they are assembled into a single system through the fuel rail. All 4 injectors are connected in parallel and spray the same amount of fuel into the cylinders.

The location of the injectors depends on the engine type. For example, in an 8-valve engine, the fuel rail with injectors is located at the rear of the cylinder head, above the exhaust manifold.

In a 16-valve engine, the fuel rail is located on the front of the cylinder head, under the intake receiver.

About prevention

Here I would like to talk about a cleaning method in which special additives are added to the gas tank. Unlike others, this method has not been scientifically proven. In addition, an additive that is suitable for a certain type of engine may not be suitable for another.

The additive is added to the gas tank, so its chemical elements will affect the entire fuel system.

If anyone decides to use the additive as a means of prevention, carefully study the reviews, as well as the manufacturer’s recommendations. The main thing is not to harm the engine.

And the most reliable and inexpensive way to prevent the fuel system is, oddly enough, to fill in with high-quality fuel, use the same fuel filter and change it in a timely manner.

Symptoms of a problem

Quite often, injectors fail due to winding burnout or contamination, which seriously affects engine performance. If in the first case the injector fails completely and it is difficult not to notice, then in the second case, if it is dirty, it is quite difficult to determine whether the injector is faulty, but still it will show signs by which you can find out whether the injector is working or not.

Signs of a broken injector:

The engine is tripping;
Loss of power;
The car's dynamics disappeared;
The internal combustion engine starts poorly;

All these symptoms are indirect and can be observed with other problems in the car; in order to more accurately determine faults in the injectors, it is necessary to diagnose them.

Cleaning methods

There are three main ways that will allow you to clean your injectors. Decide for yourself which one to use.

Way	Peculiarities
Automotive chemistry	Quite effective, but financially expensive. Plus, working with chemicals is risky because it is very dangerous to your health. Cleaning is carried out only in full compliance with safety regulations
Service station services	Car services will now do everything for your money. But you'll have to pay a lot. Don’t forget that finding a really good, responsible and inexpensive service station is something out of the realm of fantasy. Therefore, either questionable quality of work, or impressive money for effective cleaning
Do-it-yourself cleaning	The most economically profitable way to save money and complete the task efficiently. You should choose this option only if you have an idea about the design of the motor, the location and functions of the injectors

Do not carry out cleaning yourself if you have never climbed into the engine compartment yourself to replace or repair engine components. Trust trusted specialists, do not take risks.

Before and after cleaning

Examination

The injectors can be checked by measuring the fuel pressure, but the injectors can be checked in more detail only after they have been removed.

Checking fuel pressure

This test is quite primitive and will not determine the failure of the injector with 100% effect, but this test consists of determining whether the injector is leaking. Fuel injectors must maintain gasoline pressure and not leak it; it often happens that they begin to leak fuel, which then flows into the cylinders.

By measuring the fuel pressure, you can determine whether there is a leak or not, but it should be noted that this procedure without removal will not give an accurate result, since the pressure may drop for other reasons.

Check after removal

It is necessary to apply pressure directly to the injector and see if it allows fuel to pass through when the valve is closed.

The second step is to check the clarity of the fuel atomization, that is, for contamination of the injector. To do this, you need to connect the injector to the stand, or assemble your own circuit for washing the injectors.

Carrying out diagnostics

Before replacement, be sure to perform an inspection and performance check.

Troubleshooting methods are described as follows:

When the engine is not warmed up, although the latter continues to work.

It is enough to touch the nozzle with your hand to check if it works. If vibration or pulsation is felt, then everything is correct. But this method cannot be called completely reliable.

Inspection at idle speed.

The number of revolutions is increased slightly. And then they look at how the engine works in this state. Then the nuts on the caps to hold the injectors are slightly loosened. Afterwards the number of revolutions should decrease. If this does not happen, one of the parts is definitely broken.

Work begins when the faults are accurately verified.

Cleaning VAZ 2110 injectors

You can wash the injectors in three ways: using a special wash, at a service station (service station) and with your own hands. The first method does not give the desired effect and often even worsens the situation, and washing at a service station costs a pretty penny, which not every car enthusiast wants to spend on such an easy procedure. Therefore, it would be best to do the washing yourself.

For self-washing, it is necessary to make a power supply circuit for the nozzle; for this we need:

Carburetor cleaner;
Wires 2 m;
ON/OFF button;
12V lamp;
Injector connector;
Syringe;

Electrical circuit assembly

To flush the nozzle, it is necessary to supply power to it; for this you will need to assemble an electrical circuit according to the diagram presented below. It is not difficult to assemble such an assembly; you just need to look carefully at the drawing and everything will become clear.

Washing video

Injector repair kit

If the injectors cannot be washed and they are already in a deplorable condition, you can use a repair kit for fuel injectors for the VAZ 2110, it is sold in regular auto parts stores for domestic cars. The cost of this kit is small and amounts to approximately 200-300 rubles.

The repair kit includes:

O-rings;
Nets;
Fasteners;
Filters, etc.

Replacing injector consumables will help correct contamination.

Materials

To clean it manually, you should stock up on:

Three wires with a length of 50 -100 cm;
The energy source is 9 -12 V. If you use a car battery, you need to install a resistor in series with it for resistances of 50-200 Ohms;
Push-button switch;
1-2 small bottles of cleaning fluid for the carburetor;
Plastic and rubber tubes for connecting the can with the nozzle. Some specialists in this matter use a syringe with a capacity of 5 ml, put its extension on the nozzle, and install a purifier tube in the second part.

One end of the conductor is connected to an energy source or battery and an injector. The other is connected to the battery and the button. The third is connected to the button with the nozzle. It is recommended to use standardized terminals.

A tube or syringe is placed on the nozzle, and a can is connected. It is best to wash with two people.

Removing the injectors

In order to remove the injectors, you will need a special tool necessary for this work. It should be noted that the process of removing injectors on a VAZ 2110 depends on the type of engine; in an 8-valve engine, dismantling them is quite simple, but in a 16-valve internal combustion engine you will have to tinker. Let's look at each of the engines in detailed instructions.

Tool you will need:

Flat and Phillips screwdrivers;
Set of open-end wrenches;
Set of hexagons;

After preparing the instrument, you can begin removal.

Dismantling the injectors of an 8-valve internal combustion engine

We relieve the fuel pressure by disconnecting the fuel pump connector, which is located under the rear seat of the car.
We start the engine and let it run until it stalls, after which we proceed to remove the injectors.
We unscrew the fuel supply and return pipes (if there is one) with two 17 mm wrenches.
Unscrew the tubes from the fuel rail.
We unscrew the ramp from the cylinder head using a hexagon (2 bolts).
Pull the ramp away from the cylinder head and remove it.
Then remove the injector clamps and pull it out of the ramp.

Dismantling the injectors of a 16-valve internal combustion engine

We relieve the fuel pressure by disconnecting the fuel pump connector, which is located under the rear seat of the car.
We start the engine and let it run until it stalls, after which we proceed to remove the injectors.
We unscrew the fuel supply and return pipes (if there is one) with two 17 mm wrenches.
Unscrew the tubes from the fuel rail.
Unscrew the two nuts securing the receiver.
We unscrew the clamps from the cuffs connecting the receiver and the intake manifold.
Disconnect the receiver from the intake manifold.
We unscrew the ramp from the cylinder head using a hexagon (2 bolts).
Pull the ramp away from the cylinder head and remove it.
Then remove the injector clamps and pull it out of the ramp.

Video

Dismantling

Before replacing or cleaning the injectors, they will need to be removed from the fuel rail. To achieve this, the following activities are carried out:

Make sure the engine has cooled down properly. It is not safe to work on a hot engine;
Disconnect the power wires from the fuel pump to de-energize the device;
Try to reduce the pressure in the engine power system as much as possible. To do this, the engine starts, and then you need to wait until it stalls at idle speed;
Repeat this procedure several times until the car simply stops responding to turns of the ignition key;
That's it, now our goal is the fuel rail. To remove it, you must first remove the terminals from the battery, turn off the power to the ramp itself, disconnect the fuel supply hoses, and also disconnect all electrical appliances going to it. These are pressure, idle, throttle position sensors;
If you have an 8-valve engine, then you do not need to remove the receiver. This step is relevant for engines with 16 valves;
Experts do not recommend removing the intake manifold without dismantling the throttle valve and the hose going to it. It is better to unscrew and disconnect everything at once, which will allow you to continue working more conveniently;
Cover the exhaust manifold openings with something to protect them from foreign objects;
Using a hex wrench, you can unscrew a couple of bolts and remove the fuel rail along with the injectors;
Make sure that there are no distortions when removing the ramp, otherwise problems may arise with the dismantling processes;
We remove the injectors. To do this, remove the mounting brackets that hold the electrical connector. You also need to remove the bracket that holds the injector in its seat.

After dismantling the elements, be sure to close the seats to prevent debris and other objects from getting in, and place the nozzles themselves on a table or floor, after laying down a dry rag.

Here you can decide whether to change or clean the elements of the fuel system. If replacement is required, install new injectors in place of the old ones and follow the assembly procedure.

Cleaning

Here proceed as follows.

Remove the rubber rings from the injectors, and when cleaning is finished, replace them with new seals.
The cleaning process should begin with the nozzles, on which various deposits form as the car is used.
Be sure to thoroughly clean the funnel-shaped surfaces where tar deposits accumulate.
The next step is the fuel mixture supply channels.
To open the solenoid valve to supply fuel, you will have to trick the device with a 5-7 V power supply.
Some use stabilized voltage sources, phone chargers, or even a car battery. If using a battery, the voltage should be supplied through the light bulb. It will play the role of a current damper. Otherwise you risk burning the winding.
Electricity is supplied through two wires, in the gap of one of which a button is installed. It will close and open the network. This creates an imitation of the operation of an injector in an engine due to the influence of a pulsed electric charge.
You can supply the cleaning liquid to clean the injectors through a can of carburetor cleaner. Inexpensive and effective, even better than specialized chemicals.
Be sure to tightly connect the cylinder and nozzle with a rubber tube, clamps and any other means.
All is ready? You can then apply electricity to open the injector. At the same time, press the button on the cleaning agent canister.
Soon the torch of the liquid jet, which will exit through the fuel atomizer of the injector, will change its “clumsy” direction and will begin to uniformly exit the nozzle. This indicates that you have removed all carbon deposits.

Homemade cleaning device
Before putting the cleaned nozzle back in place, check its actual condition.

Examination

To check you need:

Measure the injector resistance using a multimeter. If the readings are within 10-15 ohms, the injector is working;
If you deviate from these limits, cleaning is pointless. You only need to change the injectors;
Check devices for leaks;
To do this, when cleaning, do not turn on the electrical pulse so that the nozzle does not open;
Under pressure, a device with a broken seal will begin to show signs of leakage. Therefore, the element must be replaced.

Injectors cannot be repaired or disassembled into parts to restore functionality. If the resistance and tightness are broken, the devices must be replaced with new ones.

Cleaning the injectors is quite easy if you properly construct the device for this procedure. If you don’t have such skills, contact a good car service center.

Source: luxvaz.ru