VAZ 2109 generator voltage regulator - installation and repair

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Those who are engaged in repairing a car generator cannot do without the procedure for checking the regulator relay. How to check the VAZ regulator relay, watch the video lesson.

And so there is a relay regulator 3613702 which is installed on Samara (VAZ 2108, 2109) and to check it you need a power source with a voltage of about 16 V and a light bulb, and all data will be taken with a multimeter. When applying voltage, we monitor the light bulb (incandescence) in the region of 14 V; it should go out if the relay is working properly.

Today we will tell you how to check the VAZ 2109 generator voltage regulator relay. In the early 90s, the VAZ automobile concern released the 2109 model car. As in any mechanism, the health of the car is ensured by the VAZ 2109 generator voltage regulator relay as one of the main components of the electrical system. Most of the machine functions depend on constant current power.

In the Zhiguli 2109, as in many other cars of modern brands, on-board computers are used to synchronize the operation of the equipment and for its correct operation. Motorists call them the “brain” of the car. And for a computer to operate, a constant current must be maintained in the electrical network. This is impossible if the VAZ voltage regulator fails.

Generator operating principle

The VAZ-2109 generator consists of an armature, two covers, a stator, a pulley with a fan. These are the main elements of the body. There are windings on the stator and rotor. The first consists of three parts, since it is necessary to obtain a three-phase voltage at the output. There is only one reason for this - such a scheme allows you to get rid of pulsations, therefore, the efficiency of the device is higher. But this also imposes some requirements, which will be discussed below.

The operating principle is based on the fact that the rotor moves inside the stator winding. It has a coil that is powered by the vehicle's on-board power supply. Consequently, a constant magnetic field is formed around the rotor, which also moves. And these are the main conditions for the operation of the generator set. The only thing that should be ensured for normal operation is voltage stabilization on the generator rotor winding.

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Connection diagram and operating principle

The voltage regulator on most cars is connected to the on-board network according to the diagram below.

The operating principle of a voltage regulator (VR) is the same as that of a relay. In other words, it opens and closes an electrical circuit. That is why the device is also called a relay regulator. It is triggered when a predetermined voltage value coming from the generator changes.

The first regulators had an electromagnetic design. These were real relays. Modern devices are made on the basis of semiconductors. They are small in size, and in addition, they work much more accurately and efficiently. Some of them are even equipped with special alarms that allow the driver to monitor their performance.

Purpose of the generator and relays in it

The electric generator in the car is designed to:

• To obtain electrical energy from which the battery is powered
• When the normal operation of a car's electric generator is disrupted, the battery begins to discharge, and you won't be able to drive for long after that.
• It happens when the battery is powerful enough to drive you home, but in the morning the car won’t start.
• The electric generator is located under the hood of your car and is powered by a belt drive.
• There are a number of reasons for the breakdown of an electric generator, including worn out brushes, a faulty charging relay, a broken diode bridge and jammed bearings, as well as a break in the circuit of one of the windings

The voltage regulator (relay - regulator) serves:

• To maintain the voltage in the on-board network of the machine within the required limits under any operating modes, such as changes in the rotor speed of the electric generator, surges in electrical load, changes in ambient temperature
• In addition, it performs such additional functions as protecting the elements of the generating set from operation in emergency modes and from overloads, and ensures automatic inclusion of the power circuit of the electric generator or the excitation winding in the on-board network of the machine

Diode bridge

It is necessary to ring each diode separately in different directions. But normally the signal will sound only once. If a squeak is heard in both cases, the part needs to be replaced. However, in fact, the easiest way is to install a completely new bridge - it is not that expensive.

VAZ 2109 carburetor charging relay where is it located

This article tells you how to check with your own hands the generator installed on a VAZ-2109 car.
It is worth noting that it makes no difference which engine is installed on the car - an injector or a carburetor. In both cases, diagnosis is made using the same algorithm.

Dismantling the generator

First of all, you need to disconnect the battery to completely cut off the power to the car.

• disconnect all wires from the generator;
• loosen the nuts holding it in place;
• lift the device and remove the belt;
• completely unscrew the screws of the fixing bar from the cylinder block;
• under the engine there are bolts securing the bracket - they need to be removed;
• the generator is removed.

Relay regulator VAZ 2109:

1 – brush holder, 2 – brushes, 3 – voltage regulator

Diagnostics of the VAZ 2109 generator regulator relay

Check the serviceability of the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator. Connect a 12 V test lamp to the brushes. Apply 12 V voltage: “ ” to the terminal, and “–” to the “ground” of the brush holder. The indicator lamp should light up

Replacing the device

To replace the VAZ 2109 regulator, you must first disconnect the negative terminal from the battery. Then use a screwdriver to remove the two bolts that secure the housing to the generator. Disconnect the wire and remove the brush holder assembly. That's it, all that remains is to install the new one in place. As you can see, the replacement is not difficult, and if you have a replacement, you can do it in the field.

Video about checking the VAZ 2109 voltage regulator:

The VAZ 2109 model car began to be produced in the early 90s. Today, this model is significantly different from older versions - it is more convenient and easier to use. The practicality of a car largely depends on the constant current of power - the voltage regulator and relay are responsible for this.

Examination

In order to determine the nature of the breakdown at home, you first need to know how to diagnose the generator.

The first stage is carried out without removing the device from the machine. There are several options, but the best quality is a multimeter. True, for this it is best to involve someone you know.

First of all, you need to find out whether the voltage regulator is capable of doing its job. Experts note that most often it is because of this that the generator may not function properly. The problem with it arises due to excessive voltage in the electrical network.

The generator itself is tested like this:

• set the multimeter to volts;
• start the power unit;
• measure the voltage at the battery and at the generator terminals.

Normally, the device will show from 14 to 14.2 volts. After this, you will need to depress the gas pedal - the voltage increase should not exceed half a volt in this case.

An increase in this indicator indicates that the generator’s performance is impaired. Most likely, the voltage relay will need to be replaced.

Alternatively, you can also do this:

• start the engine and let it run for a while;
• press the gas and bring the crankshaft to 3 thousand revolutions;
• turn on the headlights (high beam);
• heated rear window;
• stove fan.

With such a load, the battery voltage should be more than:

• 13.2 volts (generator type – 9402.3701);
• 13,6 (37.3701).

Indicators different from normative ones indicate:

• winding faults;
• failure of the voltage regulator;
• brush breakage.

To exclude the regulator from the list, you need to de-energize all devices except the headlights and measure the voltage again. If the specified node is serviceable, then the indicators will be as follows:

• for 37.3701 – up to 14.6;
• for 9402.3701 – up to 14.7.

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Voltage regulators for generators of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

Several modifications of voltage regulators can be installed in the generator of VAZ 2108, 21081, 21083, 2109, 21091, 21093, 21099 cars. Until 1998, VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars and their modifications (with carburetor engines) were equipped with a 37.3701 generator. Its voltage regulator 17.3702 consists of two parts: the brush assembly and the generator itself. The voltage regulator has an additional terminal. The regulator is mounted on the back cover of the generator.

Technical characteristics of voltage regulator 17.3702

Type: built-in

Adjustable voltage: at 4000 rpm of the generator shaft - 13.9-14.3 V, at 2200-10000 rpm - 13.5-14.6 V

Voltage drop at excitation current 3 A between terminals “Ш” and “-“: 1.3 V

Load current change: 0.3-36 A

Weight: 0.065 kg

After 1998, VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 with a carburetor engine were equipped with a 37.3701 generator with a 61.3702-02 voltage regulator combining the regulator and brushes. No additional output. It is interchangeable with a two-piece regulator. Attaches to the back cover of the generator.

Technical characteristics of voltage regulator 61.3702-02

Adjustable voltage: at 4000 rpm of the generator shaft - 13.6-14.1 V

Rated current: 5A

For VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 with a 2111 injection engine, a 9402.3701 generator with a voltage regulator was used. The regulator is installed under the rear plastic cover of the generator.

Notes and additions

— Voltage regulators of other modifications are installed on generators of imported VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars. The voltage regulator for such generators should be selected based on the manufacturer’s recommendations.

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Determining electrical system faults

One of the main advantages of the new VAZ 2109 is fuel injection. This type of supply of the fuel mixture is significantly more economical than the carburetor method. In addition to fuel consumption, the injector also improves the vehicle's driving characteristics. For the injector to work properly, the computer or, as motorists call it, “brains” must also work correctly.

In turn, the operation of the computer, as well as all electrical sensors and devices, directly depends on the constant current power. The device that is responsible for supplying power to the vehicle's devices is called a voltage regulator. The main sign of a malfunction of this element is the readings of the voltmeter on the instrument panel.

Also, if while driving the car your fuel consumption has noticeably increased, but at the same time the car began to pull worse, then this is one of the main signs of failure of the voltage regulator relay. This type of breakdown manifests itself especially well in the dark. At this time, dimensions and other electrical appliances are involved, which significantly increase power consumption. If it is not enough, then the instruments and dimensions light up very dimly - it’s time to change the relay!

Description of the procedure for checking the functionality of the voltage regulator

In the event that a malfunction is nevertheless detected in the specified relay, the vehicle’s maintenance manual clearly describes the procedure for identifying a breakdown. It’s worth noting right away that the main advantage of the 2109 model is the fuel injector. This significantly improves the machine's performance. And the injector is directly connected to a computer, which constantly monitors the quality of work and the condition of the injector itself. If this component fails, then the injector also fails.

The failure in question is accompanied by such problems as:

• increased fuel consumption while reducing vehicle traction;
• dim light from the parking lights, turn signals and instrument panel in the cabin.

Checking the rotor field winding

The field winding can be checked without removing the generator from the car by removing only the protective casing and the voltage regulator along with the brush holder.

After cleaning the contact rings with sandpaper, if necessary, use an ohmmeter or a test lamp to check whether there is a break in the field winding and whether it is shorted to ground.

Stator check

The stator is checked separately, after removing the rectifier unit.

First of all, check with an ohmmeter or using a test lamp and a battery to see if there are breaks in the stator winding and if its turns are shorted to ground.

The insulation of the winding wires must be without signs of overheating, which occurs when there is a short circuit in the valves of the rectifier unit.

Replace the stator with such damaged winding.

Finally, after disassembling the generator, it is necessary to check with a special flaw detector whether there are any short-circuited turns in the stator winding.

Low voltage on the generator.

Another common malfunction is when the warning light goes out while the engine is running, but over time signs of a dead battery appear. There may be several reasons for this. The first reason is the breakdown of the main diode of the rectifier bridge. It is detected by measuring the voltage at terminal 30 of the generator with the high beam headlights on and off. If the voltage is normal or close to normal when the headlights are off, but begins to drop when the headlights are on, then the diode bridge needs to be replaced. If a KATE generator is installed, this can be done without removing the generator from the engine. But before changing the diode bridge, pay attention to the belt tension and the condition of the generator pulley. If the bottom of the pulley is shiny, this indicates that the belt is slipping due to pulley wear, which is the second reason for poor charging. In this case, the belt must be replaced, and if the new belt falls into the pulley groove, then the pulley must be replaced. In this case, it makes no sense to pull the belt through the belt. In addition, it can lead to damage to the armature bearings.

Also, weak charging may be in poor contact at terminal 30 of the generator, in the battery terminals, or in the connection of the negative terminal to engine ground. A bad contact at pin 30 can be detected by touch. Just be careful when doing this. The terminal may become very hot. If the terminal does not heat up, then use a voltmeter to check the voltage across all connections with the high beam headlights on. A voltage drop of 0.5 V indicates poor contact.

All the problems described above when the VAZ 2109 battery is not charging can be eliminated independently and in a short time. In addition to those described above, there are many more faults, but detecting and eliminating them requires more in-depth knowledge and much more time. There is no point in dwelling on them here.

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First aid for a car

The first thing to do in such cases is to check the battery terminals; perhaps they are not making good contact. If there is poor contact at the battery terminals while driving, it will not be charged sufficiently, which may cause problems during further operation of the car. To fix this problem, you need to lubricate the terminals and tighten them.

If your car's alternator fails, you need to have it repaired immediately. Most often, the voltage regulator fails. The failure of this generator element has rather unpredictable consequences. While driving, the regulator controls the required amount of current for the car; if it fails, the voltage in the network changes and can be either more or less. Very often, fuses blow at high voltages.

The VAZ 2109 voltage regulator is located directly in the car’s generator itself. When it fails, most often the generator relay breaks. It consists of several elements such as an electromagnet, an armature and a switch. These elements interact with each other when electric current is applied to them.

Repairing a generator - VAZ features

To check the car's power supply, you need to take measurements at the battery terminals. To do this, you need to start the car and let it run for a few minutes. After this, take readings with a terminal tester. Next, turn on all possible car devices, dimensions, tape recorder, heating and repeat the measurements. With a properly functioning voltage generator, as well as its regulator, the average voltage in the network should be 12–13 Volts.

The most normal voltage in a VAZ 2109 car is 14.1 Volts. If your readings are more or less than the acceptable average, then you need to start repairing your generator. First of all, you need to check the ground on the generator block. It often happens that it oxidizes under the influence of moisture. Because of this, it may not carry enough current to the vehicle. This terminal is located on the generator block; it needs to be cleaned and lubricated.

Another reason for a lack of vehicle current is a sufficiently worn or loose alternator belt. Using a belt, the generator is driven by the operation of the car engine. If the belt is not tensioned enough, it will slip while driving. Thus, the car generator will not perform the required number of revolutions, and accordingly, the required amount of current will not flow.

If the generator does not produce enough voltage, the battery is not fully charged, which significantly affects its service life. To fix the problem, you need to replace the belt or tighten it. It is very important not to overtighten it, as during movement it will stretch much faster or may even burst. You should not buy belts of dubious production - a low-quality belt wears out very quickly, dries out and stretches.

How to check the pH on a VAZ-2110 without removing it

If you find at least one of the listed signs, do not be lazy to check the voltage regulator on your VAZ-2110. This procedure will not take more than 10 minutes. To do this, you will need a voltmeter or multimeter turned on in its mode, as well as an assistant. The verification procedure is as follows:

• We start the car engine and warm it up to operating temperature.
• Without turning off the engine, we connect one voltage probe of the generator, and the second to the “ground” of the device.
• We ask the assistant to turn on the low beam headlights and press the accelerator pedal, keeping the speed at 2000-2500 thousand rpm.
• We measure the voltage with the device.

For the VAZ-2110, the voltage regulator should produce 13.2-14.7 V. This is the norm. If the voltmeter readings differ from those shown, diagnostic measures should be continued.

In the cabin

There is no installer inside the machine. Instead of the usual cabin module, it uses individual elements and relays scattered throughout the car. They can be found everywhere, under the dashboard, inside the doors, on the gearbox pipe. The reason for this decision was simple savings. The manufacturer considered that installing a separate module into the car would be too “kosher” and scattered fuses wherever possible.

Elements responsible for circuits of equipment not related to the engine are mounted here.

Fuse box pinout

The installer's contact chips are divided into two parts. This is due to the fact that the abundance of terminals can complicate vehicle maintenance. The figure above shows both groups, where the pins are labeled as follows.

1. Ш1-4 – connection to the instrument panel module.
2. Ш5/6 – front wiring harness.
3. Ш7/8 – left mudguard (a large number of electrical appliances are mounted here).
4. Ш9/10 – rear part of the instruments.
5. Ш11 – connection of the stove box, heating system.

The wires are connected the same way, regardless of whether the panel is installed low or high. The location of the chips and connectors is always identical.

DIY replacement and removal

So, how to disassemble a VAZ generator:

1. First, disconnect the battery by removing the terminals from it, this way you can turn off the power to the on-board network.
2. Remove the cap from the terminal and unscrew the corresponding nut, after which you can remove the wiring from the stud.
3. Disconnect the wiring block that goes to the node connector.
4. Now you need to slightly loosen the tightening of the assembly to the adjustment bar. Having done this, you can lift the assembly up until it rests against the head of the BC. The generator pulley can then be freed from the belt.
5. After these steps, you can completely unscrew the screw securing the bar to the BC. Then crawl under the car and remove the screws that secure the bracket to the engine. The unit can be dismantled by removing it from the engine compartment. The failed elements are disassembled and replaced with new ones, after which the generator is reassembled.